1、-1-Section BUsing language-2-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课前篇自主预习.知识体系图解 characteristicdeclineblamegoatprimitive源于的,原产于最后是的栖息地对比之下多达-3-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课前篇自主预习.释义搭配1.characteristic A.belonging to an early stage in the development of humans or animals2.declineB.to think or
2、 say that sb/sth is responsible for sth bad3.blameC.to become smaller,fewer,weaker,etc.4.goatD.a typical feature or quality that sth/sb has5.primitiveE.an animal with horns and a coat of hair答案:1.D2.C3.B4.E5.A-4-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课前篇自主预习.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1.It was the second time tha
3、t Mr Brown _(visit)Tiananmen Square.2.By the end of last month,we (learn)3,000 English words.3.By the time I got to the airport,my friends plane (take)off.4.Before they (arrive)here the film had already started.5.He said he (work)in that factory since 1949.had visitedhad learnedhad takenarrivedhad w
4、orked-5-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习1.characteristic n.特征,特性【课文原句】Gregor Mendal chose to study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.乔治孟德尔选择研究豌豆植物是因为它们的特性易于控制。【词汇精讲】本句中的characteristic为可数名词,意为“特征,特性”。Some animals possess the characteristic of man.有些
5、动物具有人类的特征。-6-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】characteristic adj.典型的;特有的;表示特性的characteristically adv.典型地;表示特性地character n.性格,品质;特性;角色vt.印,刻;使具有特征She spoke with characteristic enthusiasm.她说话带着特有的热情。He does have the characteristically broad chin and big nose.他的宽下巴和大鼻子确实很突出
6、。-7-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习-8-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习2.blame v.责怪,指责;把归咎于【课文原句】The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.平塔岛龟的灭绝被归咎于人类。【词汇精讲】本句中的blame为动词,意为“把归咎于”,常见搭配为be to blame“受责备”。It is requested that the re
7、porter referred to be to blame for the wrong report.要求所涉及的那位记者应对错误报道承担责任。-9-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】blameless adj.清白的;无可责备的;无过失的blame on 把责任推给;怪到头上Neither side is blameless.没有一方是清白的。But no one can throw any blame on them.但是谁也不能怪他们。-10-Section BUsing language课前篇自
8、主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习-11-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习3.decline v.减少【课文原句】After goats in particular had been brought to the island,the Pinta Island tortoise population declined.特别是山羊被带到岛上之后,平塔岛龟的数量下降了。【词汇精讲】本句中的decline为动词,意思为“减少”,它还可表示“衰落,衰败;婉言谢绝,拒绝”。decline还可作名词,意
9、思为“减少;下降;衰落”。As one grows older,his memory declines.人的记忆力随着年龄的增长而衰退。-12-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】on the decline在衰退中,走下坡路fall into decline衰落decline to do sth拒绝做某事He declined to answer my questions.他拒绝回答我的问题。The fact is,their economy did not fall into decline overn
10、ight.事实是,他们的经济衰退也不是一夜之间的事。These numbers have been on the decline for decades.近几十年来,这些数字都在减少。-13-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习-14-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习4.survive vi.&vt.幸存下来;存活【课文原句】This tiny organism can survive temperatures from 150 to a
11、below freezing-272 .这种微小的生物可以在150 到零下272 的温度下生存。【词汇精讲】本句中的survive为及物动词,意为“幸存;艰难度过”;作不及物动词时,意为“存活”。These birds are able to survive the freezing weather.这些鸟能够战胜寒冷的天气。The urge to survive drove them on.求生的欲望驱使他们继续努力。-15-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习【词汇拓展】survive sth从中幸存下来survi
12、ve on sth靠存活下来survive sb比某人活得长survivor n.幸存者;生还者survival n.幸存They survived on leaves when they were lost.他们迷路时靠吃树叶生存。She survived her husband by 15 years.她比她丈夫多活了15年。-16-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习-17-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习过去完成时1.过去完成时表示
13、过去的过去,其构成是“had +过去分词”。 2.用法:(1)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。 它表示的时间是过去的过去,常与by last year,by the time of.yesterday等连用。He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night.昨夜十点钟之前他已上床睡觉了。-18-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习(2)表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for (后跟时间段)或since (后跟时间点)等连用。The train
14、had started when I got to the station.当我到达车站时火车已开走了。The minute I saw a lady getting off the bus,I knew it was she,for I had seen her before.我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她,因为我以前看见过她。-19-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习3.常见结构:(1)By the end of +名词(短语),主语 + had done.By the end of the day,
15、most of the inhabitants had left their homes.在这一天结束的时候,大部分居民已离开他们的家园。(2)主句(had done),before + 过去时间状语 I had reached the station before six oclock.六点之前我已到达车站。(3)用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句,表示动作发生在这些动词之前。She said that she had never been to Paris.她说她从未去过巴黎。-20-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课
16、堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习(4)By the time +从句(did/was/were),主语 + had done.By the time we arrived,everyone had received medical care.我们到达时,每个人已接受了医疗护理。(5)主语 +had done.,before 从句(did/was/were)Fortunately,the population had left the village before the volcano erupted.幸运的是,火山喷发前人们已离开了村庄。(6)主语 +had done.,w
17、hen 从句(did/was/were)They had already put the fire out when I returned to the village.当我返回村子时,他们已将大火扑灭。(7)主语 + (did/was/were),after 从句(had done)The earthquake happened in the daytime after people had already left home for work or school.地震发生在白天,当时人们已离开家去上班或上学。-21-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解
18、课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习(8)用在hardly(scarcely,barely).when.,no sooner.than.句型中Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。No sooner had he left home than it began to rain.他一离开家天就下起雨来。(9)用在 It /This/That was the first/.time + that 从句 (had done)中It was the third time that he had made the sam
19、e mistake.这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。(10)用在It was/had been + 一段时间 + since 从句 (had done)中It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我们十年都没这么高兴了。-22-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习(11)hope,plan,mean,expect,intend,suppose,want,think等动词有时用过去完成时表示一个本来打算做而未做,曾经设想而未实现的事。They had wa
20、nted to help but could not get here in time.他们本想来帮忙,但未及时赶到这儿。I had thought that he had died at least twenty years ago.我原以为他至少死了二十年了。(12)用于表示与过去事实相反的if虚拟条件句中If she had seen you yesterday,she would have told you the truth.如果她昨天见过你,她已告诉你事实的真相。(13)用在 wish 后的宾语从句中,表示与过去事实相反。I wished that he hadnt made su
21、ch a mistake.我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。-23-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习.单词拼写1.His c is very different from his wifes.答案:characteristic2.Many wonderful British species have d catastrophically over the past century.答案:declined3.I think of her gift of forgiveness every time Im tempted t
22、o b someone in a secret for something recognized as wrong.答案:blame-24-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习4.There are many animals including pigs,hens,(山羊) and ducks on the farm and a pub just a 10-minute stroll away.答案:goats5.For those who want to be a little closer to nature,th
23、ere are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from p pit toilets to shower and laundry facilities.答案:primitive-25-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习.翻译句子1.我们到的时候,其他客人都已经在那儿了。(by the time)答案:By the time we arrived,the other guests had already been there.2.他刚要开始说话,观众就打断了他。(no s
24、ooner.than)答案:No sooner had he begun to speak than the audience interrupted him.3.相比较而言,春季和秋季库存通常会增长。(by contrast)答案:In autumn and spring,by contrast,stocks usually rise.4.晚会的费用超过了500美元。(up to)答案:The cost of the party adds up to more than 500 dollars.-26-Section BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重
25、点词汇重点语法随堂练习.语法填空In the United States over 25 percent of senior citizens (people over 65)live alone.Without friends and family nearby,seniors are at the risk of 1. (have)depression (抑郁).Many communities are trying to deal with this problem.Providence Mount St.Vincent,a retirement home (退休疗养院)near Sea
26、ttle,Washington,has 2. (recent)run a program.Over 400 senior citizens live at Providence Mount St.Vincent,and over 40 children from a few months old 3. age five go to day care there.The children spend the day there with the senior citizens while 4. (worker)look on.havingrecentlytoworkers-27-Section
27、BUsing language课前篇自主预习课堂篇学习理解课堂篇学习理解重点词汇重点语法随堂练习The program has clear advantages.For the older people,their social life improves (改善);they read to and play games with the children,and encourage 5. (they)to do other activities.This makes the seniors feel 6. (use)and happy,and if they feel happy,their
28、 health may improve.The children also get a lot from the program.They have 7. patient group of people to play with in a safe environment.Some of the older people 8. (be)disabled,and staying with them helps children learn 9. (be)more understanding of people with disabilities.Now,there are many programs like the one at Providence Mount St.Vincent.10. is believed that even if the very young and the very old dont have a shared past or future,their shared present can be perfect.themusefulaareto beIt
