1、状语从句状语从句Adverbial Clauses什么是状语？He speaks English very well. （动词）（程度副词）主语谓语宾语状语用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或者全句的句用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或者全句的句子成分就是状语。用作状语的通常是副词，子成分就是状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式或从句等介词短语，不定式或从句等副词做程度状语介词短语做地点状语动词不定式做目的状语 1. I was doing my homework at 7p.m. yesterday. (时间状时间状语）语） I was doing my homework when you tex
2、ted me.(时间状语从句）时间状语从句）2. Well build a power station in that city. (地点状语）地点状语）Well build a power station where you live.(地点状语从句）地点状语从句）3. I work hard so as to pass the exam. (目的状语）目的状语）I work hard so that I can pass the exam. (目的状语从句）目的状语从句）1. 时间状语从句（时间状语从句（Adverbial Clauses of Time）功能：功能：说明动作或状态发生、存
3、在的时间。说明动作或状态发生、存在的时间。 时间状语从句时间状语从句可以由以下连词或词组引导时间状语从句可以由以下连词或词组引导ABCDwhen当当时时before在在之前之前as soon as一一就就hardly when一一就就while当当时时after在在之后之后the moment一一就就scarcelywhen刚一刚一就就as当当时时since自从自从以来以来the minute一一就就no sooner .than一一就就whenever无论何时无论何时till/ until直到直到every/ each time每次每次instantly/ directly一一就就when:
4、 持续性非持续性动词都可当时正在忽然e.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her. -When did you get home? -It was eight oclock when I got home. I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.while:持续性动词 进行时一般或现在情况将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时过去情况e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.e.g. Im going
5、 to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamps for me?e.g. I hurt my should while I was doing gym. as引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“正当”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。1. 表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 2. 表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 3. 表示两个动作
6、同时发生。 Helen sang a song as she washed. 4. 表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。 As she grew older, she became more beautiful. 1.My sister _(read)her bookin the classroom when her teacher came in. was reading2.I _ (do)homework while my parents_(watch) TV last night.was doingwere watching 3. I will n
7、ot watch TV _(after/ before) I finish my homework . before我到了那边就给你打我到了那边就给你打电话。电话。动作发生在将来：主将从现before引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 after引导的时间状语从句 after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 +
8、 since从句 “自从有多长时间了 ”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. until/ till引导的时间状语从句 until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。 。当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时, 主句常用否定形式。 not until“直到才”，这时until 可用before替换。He didnt go to bed until/before he finished his homework. 例句：
9、他直到做完作业才睡觉。as soon as引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。 例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等._if Im ill. I will see a doctorIf Im late,_.I will say sorry 位置：从句可放在主句之前或之后，但是放位置：从句可放在主句之前或之后，但是放在主句之前须有逗号
10、隔开在主句之前须有逗号隔开 If it rains tomorrow,I_.will watch TV at homeIf it _ tomorrow,_.hell play basketballdoesnt rainI wont_.play basketballPart 1Part 2 地点状语从句地点状语从句连接词连接词 where, wherever where, wherever1. They went where they could find work. 他们去了他们能找到工作的地方。他们去了他们能找到工作的地方。2. They went wherever they could f
11、ind work. 他们去了他们能找到工作的任何地方。他们去了他们能找到工作的任何地方。特定特定地点地点非特定非特定地点地点Where there is a will, there is a way.Adverbial ClausesAdverbial ClausesPart 1Part 3 目的状语从句目的状语从句连接词连接词 in order to do/so as to do/to do“以便，为了以便，为了”引导目的状语引导目的状语in order that/ so that 引导目的状语从句，从句常用情态动词引导目的状语从句，从句常用情态动词1. Ill put it in my d
12、iary right away in order to/ so as to remember it. 我马上把它记在日记里，以免忘记。我马上把它记在日记里，以免忘记。2. Ill wash this dress so that you can wear it. 我要把这条连衣裙洗一洗，好让你穿。我要把这条连衣裙洗一洗，好让你穿。I often listen to pop songs so that I can play in front of my friends.1. She does jogging every day 2. so that _ she can keep fit.so as
13、 to/in order to keep fit.Olympic athletes train hardSome people exercise every day So thatif引导的条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句Adverbial ClausesAdverbial ClausesPart 1Part 4 条件状语从句条件状语从句连接词连接词 if, if, “意思是：意思是：“如果，假如，倘若如果，假如，倘若” unless,unless,除非，除非，as lonh asas lonh as只要只要动作发生在将来：主将从现动作发生在将来：主将从现If you ask him, he w
14、ill help you.如果如果你请你请他他帮帮忙忙, 他他会帮你会帮你的。的。If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果如果你你考考试试不及格不及格, 你会让你会让他失望的。他失望的。Adverbial ClausesAdverbial Clausesunless “除非除非 . 否则否则, 如果不如果不”= if.not.1. You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果如果你你不早点不早点动动身身,你你就不能及就不能及时时赶到那赶到那儿儿。 I
15、 won t go there if I dont hear from you2. Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨除非下雨,否否则则比比赛将赛将照常照常进进行。行。1. You will be hurt unless you give me all your money. 如果如果你你不不给给我我钱钱,你你就就会会受受伤伤。 练习：练习：1、如果明天下雨，我就和同学们去野餐。、如果明天下雨，我就和同学们去野餐。2、如果你起来晚了，你上学将迟到。、如果你起来晚了，你上学将迟到。3、如果你想节约能源，你最好骑自行车。、如果你想节约能源，
16、你最好骑自行车。4、如果朋友有麻烦，我们应该尽力帮助他们。、如果朋友有麻烦，我们应该尽力帮助他们。Adverbial ClausesAdverbial ClausesPart 1Part 5 原因状语从句原因状语从句连接词连接词 because, for. because, for.语气强弱语气强弱 because for He is absent because he is ill. 他因病缺席。他因病缺席。 Lets go swimming, for it is so hot, . 既既然天然天气这么热气这么热, 我我们们去游泳去游泳吧吧。v People would like to li
17、stePeople would like to listen to rock and roll becan to rock and roll because it makes people feel use it makes people feel excitedexcitedHe takes an umbrella because it rained. Adverbial ClausesAdverbial ClausesPart 1Part 6 让步状语从句让步状语从句连接词连接词 although / though, although / though, 在在although / thou
18、gh 引导的让步状语从句中，引导的让步状语从句中，主句中不能用主句中不能用but Although he is rich, his life is not happy. 他虽然很有钱他虽然很有钱, 但生活并不幸福。但生活并不幸福。1. Although she was a child, she had to earn her living.2. Though he was young, he had to support his family.2. Though he was young, he had to support his family.Though he was ill, he worked hard. Though he was ill, he worked hard. 他他虽虽然生病然生病, , 但仍努力工作。但仍努力工作。Though he is very strong, he is under the mountain for Though he is very strong, he is under the mountain for 500 years 500 years
