1、Book 4 unit 2 Working the Land 一、V-ing 作主语Football is his favorite sport (play) football is his favorite sportPlaying1. V-ing 位于句首作主语 (have) enough food leads to poor healthNot havingv-ing的否定: not doing3. 没有足够的食物会导致健康不佳1. Swimming is good, but to swim in such a dirty river is bad for your healthBein
2、g invited v-ing 作主语表示普遍的动作或经验to do 作主语表示具体的或将来的动作v-ing的被动：being done 2. (invite) to this party was a great honor to him4. Watching a family of chimps wake up is the first activity of the day.单个V-ing作句首主语时，谓语动词用单数5. Listening to violin music and swimming (be) his hobbies两个及以上的表达不同意义的v-ing 作主语，谓动用复数is
3、6. Getting up early and going to bed early (be) good for your health.are两个及以上v-ing 作主语，表达一个整体概念，谓动用单数Playing too many computer games isno good.Itisno goodplaying too much computer games .一、V-ing 作主语2. V-ing位于句末作主语,句首it作形式主语uIt is a waste of time/money/ doing sthuIt is no n. (good/ use/ fun/pleasure)
4、 doing sthnIt is adj. ( useless/worth) doing sth一、V-ing 作主语2. V-ing位于句末作主语,句首it作形式主语There is no point/sense doing sth 做某事没有意义/道理1）It is a waste of time/money doing sthIt is spending too much time on computer games.一、V-ing 作主语2. V-ing位于句末作主语,句首it作形式主语2)It is no n.(good/use/fun/pleasure) doingIt is cr
5、ying over spilt milk一、V-ing 作主语2. V-ing位于句末作主语,句首it作形式主语(覆水难收覆水难收)It is not good (arrive) late for a meeting. to arrive3）It is adj.(useless/worth/) doing一、V-ing 作主语2. V-ing位于句末作主语,句首it作形式主语It is worrying about it.practisequarrellingu (collect) stamps is interesting.u There is no point (quarrel) with
6、 himu It is no pleasure (watch) cartoons for her.Collectingwatching二、V-ing 作宾语V-ing 作动词宾语&介词宾语动宾介宾1. V-ing 作动词 宾语只能只能用V-ing做宾语的动词如：admit, allow, avoid, cant help, consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, forbid, keep, mind(介意) , miss(错过), permit, practice, quit, suggest, etc.二、V-ing 作宾语+doingpractiseuThey
7、are considering _ (buy) a bigger houseuHe couldnt help (cry) when she heard the news. uHe couldnt help (wash)the clothes.uWe dont permit (smoke) in the office.uPlease permit me (give) you some advice.buyingcryingto washsmokingto give2. V-ing 作介词 宾语二、V-ing 作宾语He sat there without saying anything.He s
8、aw the great need for increasing the output.They focus on keeping the soil rich.Britons are used to driving on the right介+v-ing动+介+v-ingon ,off, in, at, to, after, before, of, from, for, against, by , about, with, without积累识记这些词组中这些词组中to 为介词，接为介词，接v-ing 作宾语作宾语look forward to (期待）期待）pay attention to
9、（注意（注意）contribute to (有助于有助于)lead to (导致导致)object to (反对反对)stick to （坚持坚持)due to (由于由于)limit to （局限于局限于)be devoted to（致力于）（致力于） be addicted to （沉迷于）（沉迷于） be similar to (类似于类似于)be equal to（胜任胜任)u注意：注意：be used to doing 习惯做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事uThe kids get paid for (do) housework.uMy father gave up (s
10、moke) many years agouHe object to (treat) like childuI am equal to (perform) this duty uHe used to (work) until midnight.practisedoingsmokingbeing treatedperformingwork1. V+ v-ing = v+ to do（意思上相近)三、特殊情况+ doing sth+ to do sth打算开始继续喜欢打算开始继续喜欢Tom began to do his homeworkTom began doing his homeworkint
11、endbegin/startcontinuelike/hate/love/prefer2. v+ing v+ to do(forget remember regret) Regret doing 遗憾做过 Regret to do 对要做某事表示遗憾 forget doing 忘记做过 forget to do 忘记要去做 remember doing 记得做过 remember to do 记得要去做I regretted punishing him the other day. I regret to tell you that you are fired.三、特殊情况 go on doi
12、ng 继续正在做的事 go on to do 继续去做另一件事 stop doing 停下来正在做的事 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事三、特殊情况3. v+ing v+ to do(stop go on)Hearing the doorbell, she stopped washing the dishes. Hearing the doorbell, she stopped to open the door.4. V+ ingv+ to dotry mean 意味着 mean doing 打算/故意做 mean to do 尝试着做 try doing努力去做 try to doM
13、issing this train means waiting for another hourI dont mean to hurt you.三、特殊情况5. need/want/ require to doneed/ want/require doing主语常为物，表被动三、特殊情况I need to take some exercises.The flower needs watering.主语常为人6. 固定句型1）做某事有困难/麻烦2）做某事很开心三、特殊情况have difficulty/trouble/problem/ doing sthhave a hard time doin
14、g sthhave fun doing sthhave a good time doing sth3）花时间做某事、浪费时间做某事Spend/waste time doing 四、ExercisesuIn western countries, _ (arrive) too early for a dinner is considered bad manners. uIt is no good （talk）to him.u When she heard her son had been injured in the accident, she couldnt help _(cry) out.uA
15、fter (graduate) from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike tripuMaking Internet friends is similar to _ (make)pen pals. uEvery day the students spend three hours _(do) their homework. 四、ExercisesuAs a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area _.A. need repairin
16、gB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need to repair四、ExercisesuI still remember _ to see films in the open air when I was small.A. to takeB. taking C. being takenD. to be taken四、ExercisesuSusan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _ alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A. living B. to live C. to be livingD. having lived四、ExercisesuMemorize sentence patterns with v-ing being the subjectuFind out more verbs /verb phrases with v-ing being the object.uDo grammar exercises about v-ing form being the subject and object.Homework
