1、Unit 4 American Dream Text ATony Trivisonnos American DreamTeaching Objectives:vunderstand the main idea (Tony realized his American Dream through his own efforts) and structure of the text (one part telling the story of Tonys life and the other giving the authors comments on it)vlearn to describe a
2、 person by his or her characteristic features, together with supporting details which demonstrate the featuresvgrasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the textvconduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities centered on the theme of the unit.1.1 Lead-in Pi
3、ctures Look at the following pictures and tell what and where they are. United States Capitol Washington D.CStatue of Libertyin New YorkEmpire State Building in New YorkGolden Gate Bridgein San Francisco1.2 Lead-in questions1) What do you often associate America with?2) Do you want to go to America?
4、 Why?Americaopportunitiesmoneyviolenceterrorismgood jobbetter educationbetter lifeFreedom Travel WhyvDo you know Yao Ming (姚明姚明)? He is one of the best basketball players in CBA vChinese Basketball Association). He went to America and joined Rockets in Houston( 休斯顿火箭队休斯顿火箭队). Now he is a famous star
5、 in NBA (National Basketball Association). Yao Mings dream is to play basketball in NBA. Now he made it. From this we can see that people go to America with different goals and aims. All the goals are just like their dreams. They want to seek their own dreams in America - American DreamBack2v1)v2)v3
6、)BackvAmerican Dream is a belief that everyone in the United States has the chance to achieve success and prosperity, as long as he/she works hard enough, and that the country offers opportunities for a good and successful life. vFor ordinary people, it means a happy family, an ideal job, and a nice
7、 house. vFor minorities and immigrants, it also includes freedom and equal right.BackIn the history, many people made their way to America. They went there for different purposes, some for equal rights, some for freedom such as political freedom and religious freedom. vImmigrants , Apart from “Nativ
8、e Americans” Indians, all Americans have ancestors who were immigrants. vSome immigrants come to the United States in search of a place to practice their religion freely, while others seek political . Still others arrive in hopes of building a better life for themselves and their families. After two
9、 hundred years development, America has become a melting pot (大大熔炉熔炉) with people from all over the world. The values of these Puritan(清教徒清教徒) settlers strongly influenced the culture of the American colonies and later of the United States. It is a new nation of immigrants compared with the old worl
10、d, such as U.K.（英国英国）, Germany. In fact, America is a multi-cultural （多文化多文化） and multi-national（多民族多民族）country. BackvThe Great Depression is considered the most severe economic crisis in the industrialized world. The period of severe economic failure in most countries of the world that lasted from
11、1929 until World War II. It began in the US when the New York Stock Exchange fell on 29 October 1929, known as Black Tuesday. Many businesses and banks failed and millions of people lost their jobs. Back3 Text Analysisv3.1 Text Organizationv3.2 Events of Tonys life storyv3.3 Writing strategyv3.4 Sum
12、mary WritingBack3.1 Text OrganizationvPart 1 Para 1-29 With determination, and with help from Mr. Crawford, Tony achieved his dream of owning his own farm. (Life story of Tony Trivisonno.)vPart 2 Para 30-33 Tonys career set the author thinking about why and to what extent he had been successful. (Th
13、e authors reflections on the story of tony.Back Today we are going to learn a text about American dream of an ordinary person. Lets see what his American dream is and how he realizes it. 3.2 Events of Tonys life story1) For what did Tony come to America?3) How did Tony fulfill his dream? P-982) What
14、 was his American dream?ParasTime words and phrasesTonys Steps toward Success1-10one evening11-13summer passed into fall14-16one day17-21a year or two passed22-27after about two years28-33during the warTony started to work as a help at Mr. Crawfords house.Tony got a job clearing snow at Mr. Crawford
15、s factory.Tony asked to be trained as an apprentice, and later learned to be a skilled worker.Tony bought a house with the help of Mr. Crawford.Tony bought a farm and sent for his family in Italy.Tony died, leaving his family a prosperous farm and his children educated. v4) What is the key to Tonys
16、success?Answers: Tony worked very hard to create his American Dream. Besides, he was determined, self-controlled, optimistic, self-respected, honest and responsible. All these helped him become successful.5) Compare Tony with the greatest industrialists实业家实业家. Both Tony and the greatest industrialis
17、ts are successful in pursuing their American Dreams. They reached their success by working hard, and by the same values and principles. The only difference was that they had different financial achievements.BackThere are four kinds of writing, namely, description描写文描写文, narration叙述文叙述文, exposition说明
18、文说明文and argumentation论说文论说文. From the title, can you guess what kind of writing Text A belongs to? 3.3 Writing StrategyTo narrate is to give an account of an event or series of events. In a broad sense, narrative writing includes stories, biographies传记传记，histories历史剧历史剧, news and so on. The first pa
19、rt focuses on the life story of Tony, so Text A belongs to narration. 3.3.1 narration Narrative passages usually employ time sequence and space sequence.3.3.2 The importance of details in describing a personvChanges of Tonys appearance: -He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin -He seemed to
20、stand a little straighter直挺的直挺的. He was heavier. He had a look of confidence -He was neatly dressedpChanges in Tonys manner towards “me”: -Tony had remained standing when talking to “me” -we sat down and talked.pFunctions of these details: they present an increasingly well-to-do富裕的富裕的 Tony. Tonys so
21、cial status was improving step by step.Back3.4 Summary Writing 3.4.1 Language Input 3.4.2 Language OutputBackFrom the start, Tony showed his _ to _ his dream. When he came to Mr. Crawford for help, for the first time, Mr. Crawford _, but he didnt give up. Later, Mr. Crawford offered him a job in the
22、 factory. He worked hard, and learned to be a _ worker. Then with Mr. Crawfords help, he managed to get a loan on _ for a house. Finally he bought a farm, and he was able to _ his family from Italy. His dream came true.determination; realize/achieve/fulfill; turn him away/down; skilled/skillful; cha
23、racter; send forBackLanguage OutputAfter Tony graduating from college, Tony decided to _(自己创自己创业业). At the beginning, many banks _ (拒绝了他的贷款拒绝了他的贷款要求要求). But he was not discouraged and continued to _(拜访一个个的银行家拜访一个个的银行家) seeking help. turned down his request for a loanstart his own businesscall on one
24、 banker after anotherMoved by his _(决决心和乐观精神心和乐观精神), a banker agreed to loan him. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. _ (在谈到惊人在谈到惊人的成就时的成就时), Tony put emphasis on _ (创造机遇而不创造机遇而不是等待机遇的重要性。是等待机遇的重要性。)determination and optimismSpeaking of his amazing achievementsthe importance of creating rather
25、than waiting for opportunitiesBack4 Detailed UnderstandingDetailed Understanding4.1 Language Points4.2 Sentence Structure4.4Translation4.3 Useful expressionsBack4.1 Language Pointsv4.1.1 Part Onev4.1.2 Part Twoturn away: refuse to help sb. or to allow sb. to enter a place 拒绝帮助，不让.进入；把脸转过去1. .but how
26、 could I turn away a person who had come to me for help? (L10)A doctor cant turn away a dying man. He turned away several people who didnt have the tickets. We cant turn away those who are in trouble.Collocation: turn into: 使变成 turn in交还，上交, turn down拒绝；调低, turn up, turn off关；拐弯, turn on, turn out生产
27、，制造；证明，结果, turn over仔细考虑She turned away in horror at the sight of so much blood. assume: suppose假设，以为 采用，承担，开始担任 装出，显出2. I assumed you had hired him. (L16)A large proportion of population assume the price will continue to rise.At the age of 40, he assumed presidency of the college.She assumed a look
28、 of surprise when she heard the news.assumption-假定；假设假定；假设Presume 假定，假设，认为假定，假设，认为Consume 消费，消耗消费，消耗Consumption 消费消费(量量)；消耗，灭绝；消耗，灭绝Resume 拿回，取回拿回，取回, 重新开始，继续重新开始，继续Resumption 收回；再占领收回；再占领, 继续；再使用继续；再使用Presumption 推测，猜测，假定；设想推测，猜测，假定；设想compliment: praise 赞扬，赞美 v. compliment sb. on sth. praise sb. fo
29、r sth.n. 赞美的言辞或行为;致意，问候（复数）3. I complimented him on the work he had done. (L10)Her guests complimented her on the decoration of her house. She received many compliments on the design of her new dress.她那件新裙子的设计她那件新裙子的设计,受到许多人称赞。受到许多人称赞。 Extend my compliments to your family.4. I managed to work out so
30、me kind of small weekly pay. (L24)-TranslationWell leave it to the committee to work out the details of the plan.work out: plan, solve, calculate 制定出，解决，算出制定出，解决，算出,理解，弄懂理解，弄懂See if you can work this puzzle out.I cant work out the meaning of this poem.They worked out a method of sending a spacecraft
31、 to the space.We havent worked out a good way to keep in touch with him.The accountant has worked out your share of the expense at 1,000 yuan.Collocation: work at:从事从事 work up: 引起，激起引起，激起vWeekly 每周的，一周一次的每周的，一周一次的(1). adj. happening once a week or every week. He thinks his weekly wage of 100 yuan is
32、 enough. Are you paid weekly or monthly?(2). adv. once a week, every week, by the week. 21st century is published weekly.(3). n. a publication issued发行发行once a weekvBusiness Weekly 商业周刊 vPublishers Weekly (美)出版商周刊va twice weekly 半周刊 (1)do/deal with:对待，处理对待，处理 -used in questions with what5. Well, wha
33、t do you do with such determination and hope? (L30)What have you done with my book?What are we going to do with the food left over from the party?(2). tolerate. I cant do with him and his impoliteness.(3). ( often with could, can) desireI could do with a cup of tea.do without: 没有没有也行，将就也行，将就do away
34、with: 废除，去掉废除，去掉have something to do with: 和和有点关系有点关系have nothing to do with: 和和毫无关系毫无关系capacity: 1) the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能能力，才能His capacity for remembering things is interesting. 2) the power of ability to hold or contain sth. 容量容量6. But I doubted whether Tony had the capacity t
35、o read blueprints and micrometers or do precision work. (L36)This book is within the capacity of young readers. The seating capacity of this theater is over 500. The hall has a seating capacity of 500.The maximum amount that can be contained.The trunk槽槽 is filled to capacity.CF: 表示能力表示能力vcapacity 用于
36、物时，指容纳接受的能力，用于物时，指容纳接受的能力，如容积，容量，生产能力；用于人时，如容积，容量，生产能力；用于人时，指潜在的能力，多用于才智，道德，尤指潜在的能力，多用于才智，道德，尤指接受能力，颖悟性，敏感性等。指接受能力，颖悟性，敏感性等。vability 既指天赋的能力，也指培养造就既指天赋的能力，也指培养造就而获得的本领，主要用于人，指已经表而获得的本领，主要用于人，指已经表现出来的实际能力，尤指人的思维能力。现出来的实际能力，尤指人的思维能力。vcapability: 较多用于人，指胜任某项工较多用于人，指胜任某项工作的能力，本领作的能力，本领vproficiency: 正式用语
37、，带有技术性，正式用语，带有技术性，指对业务的精通和熟练。指对业务的精通和熟练。1. Her mental _ is very great.2. The film is beyond the _ of the children.3. _ in several foreign languages is needed for work as a travelers guide.4. He has the _ of solving practical problems.abilitycapacityProficiencycapability7. He had learned to read the
38、millionths of an inch on the micrometer and to shape the grinding wheel with an instrument set with a diamond. My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story. (L42) 他学会了在千分尺上辨识一百万分他学会了在千分尺上辨识一百万分之一英寸，会用镶嵌着金刚石的工具之一英寸，会用镶嵌着金刚石的工具制作砂轮。我和太太都挺高兴，觉得制作砂轮。我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了
39、个令人满意的结局。他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。8 On the edge of town, he had found a house for sale, a complete wreck. (L45)for sale 代售代售 available to be boughtWreck 残破物；残骸残破物；残骸vThe company will put the house for sale. vNot for sale 非卖品非卖品on sale 上市，出售；减价，贱卖上市，出售；减价，贱卖a sale on credit 赊购赊购on sale or return 包退包换的，无法销售可以退
40、货的包退包换的，无法销售可以退货的call on: (1): visit sb. for a short time拜访9. I called on a banker friend. “Do you ever loan money on character?” (L48)I shall call on my advisor before I start writing the term paper. call on sb. to do sth:请或叫某人做某事请或叫某人做某事; 号召，呼吁号召，呼吁(2): summon号召号召, appeal呼吁呼吁They called on the wor
41、kers of the city to support the strike.(3):invite, requireThe host of the party called on the Chairman to speak. collocation : call for 邀约；要求；需要邀约；要求；需要 call off 取消取消 call up 打电话；召集；想起打电话；召集；想起 call in 顺路到某处顺路到某处;收回收回v (1). the particular collection of qualities that make sb./sth. Different from oth
42、er.品质的培养应是教育的主要点品质的培养应是教育的主要点Character building should be the main point of education.He has a strong but gentle character. 他有坚强但温柔的性格。他有坚强但温柔的性格。character: 品德，品质；个性，品德，品质；个性，特色，性格；人物；字特色，性格；人物；字(2). person in a play, movie, etcI find all the characters in his new play very real.(3). Letter, sign or
43、 mark used in a system of writing or printing.The characters in Chinese writing look like small pictures.a leading character a Chinese charactercharacteristic: 特性，特征特性，特征; 特有的，表示特性的特有的，表示特性的汉字看起来像是一幅幅小图汉字看起来像是一幅幅小图画。画。 CF: character, characteristic, feature & personalitycharacter: 指成年人已经充分发展的生活方式，指成
44、年人已经充分发展的生活方式，而且往往与品格有关而且往往与品格有关characteristic: 指某物的任何方面，不涉及全指某物的任何方面，不涉及全局的重要性，但常指有代表性的一个侧面，局的重要性，但常指有代表性的一个侧面，常用于科技领域常用于科技领域feature: 通常指外貌的特征或特别的、附加的、通常指外貌的特征或特别的、附加的、有吸引力的东西有吸引力的东西personality: 偏重指一个人表现出来的无法明偏重指一个人表现出来的无法明确阐述的整个情绪方面的特点，不与形容词确阐述的整个情绪方面的特点，不与形容词连用时表示情感上的吸引力连用时表示情感上的吸引力1. An aquiline
45、 nose was her best _.鹰钩鼻子是她最明显的特征鹰钩鼻子是她最明显的特征2.He can read a guys _ at the first glance. 他一眼就能看出一个人的品质他一眼就能看出一个人的品质3. He has character but no _.他有性格但没个性他有性格但没个性4.A psychological report lists very possible _ of the person being studied.一份心理学报告列举了研究对象所有可能有的一份心理学报告列举了研究对象所有可能有的特征特征featurecharacterperso
46、nalitycharacteristic10. Youre not getting a damn thing from your lot. It will stay there for years. (L51)-Translation眼下，你从你那块地上一分钱也得不到。眼下，你从你那块地上一分钱也得不到。那块地空在那儿要好多年呢。那块地空在那儿要好多年呢。 lot:地皮，场地地皮，场地a vacant lota parking lot 11 Reluctantly, the banker wrote a mortgage for $2,000 and gave Tony the house w
47、ith no down payment. (L54)-Translation那位银行家勉强开了两千美金抵押贷款，没要托尼那位银行家勉强开了两千美金抵押贷款，没要托尼首付款就把房子给了他。首付款就把房子给了他。 mortgage买房者可以先贷一大笔款来买下房子，然买房者可以先贷一大笔款来买下房子，然后通过分期付款慢慢还债，这种贷款方式就叫做后通过分期付款慢慢还债，这种贷款方式就叫做mortgage（抵押），（抵押），pay ones mortgage in monthly installment（每月分（每月分期付款偿还抵押借款）期付款偿还抵押借款） installment payment 分期
48、付款分期付款down payment: the initial payment 首付首付12. From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing Tony would gather and take home. (L55)从那以后，只要有人在我家附近丢弃了零从那以后，只要有人在我家附近丢弃了零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器
49、具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都会收起来拿回家，看到装纸板啦，托尼都会收起来拿回家，看到这些，我觉得真是很有趣。这些，我觉得真是很有趣。They discarded empty bottles/ old beliefs discard 指指“抛弃、丢弃抛弃、丢弃”无用的、已经成无用的、已经成为负担或障碍的人或物为负担或障碍的人或物 abandon “丢弃、离弃丢弃、离弃”指彻底、永久地离指彻底、永久地离开某个地方，如家园、船只、飞机等；开某个地方，如家园、船只、飞机等； 表示表示“抛弃、遗弃抛弃、遗弃”时，宾语为人，往往时，宾语为人，往往指割断某种关系（如亲情、友情等）；指割断某种关系（如亲情、友情等
50、）； 还可表示还可表示“放弃（希望、努力等）放弃（希望、努力等）” discard: throw away 抛弃抛弃 vodds and ends:零碎的东西零碎的东西这种词组在英语中叫对词。大纲中要求掌握的对词有：vback and forth来回地，反复地来回地，反复地vblack and blue青一块紫一块青一块紫一块vby and by不久，迟早不久，迟早vby and large大体上，总的来说大体上，总的来说vday and night见见 night and dayvebb and flow兴衰，起伏兴衰，起伏vfar and wide到处到处vfew and far betw
