1、The Past Participle used as the Predicative and AdverbialUnit 5 Music过去分词过去分词作表语和状语作表语和状语1.To learn the usage of V-ed form used as predicative and adverbial in a sentence.2.To master what we learn in this period and apply them to exercises.Learning Goals:Describe the following pictures.The book is i
2、nteresting.Present participle serving as the predicative.现在分词作表语现在分词作表语点拨精讲：点拨精讲：The Winter Olympic games are exciting.Describe the following pictures.The people are e_.The boy is s_.xcitedsurprisedPast participle serving as the predicative.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语点拨精讲：点拨精讲：读下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词在句中作表语的区别。读下列句子，说出
3、过去分词和现在分词在句中作表语的区别。1.All of us were so disappointed at his absence. 2.Climbing is tiring and we are completely tired after a days climbing.过去分词和现在分词作表语都用于说明主语“怎么样”.现在分词表 _；而过去分词表_。Difference:主语的特点/特征，含有“令人”之意主语的状态，含“感到”之意类似常用的过去分词有 interested, excited, surprised, puzzled, amused, confused, embarrass
4、ed, satisfied; 类似常用的现在分词有 interesting, exciting, surprising, puzzling, amusing, confusing, embarrassing, satisfying。.读下列句子，说出过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别。读下列句子，说出过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别。1.The store is now closed. 2.The store is usually closed at 8：00 pm. 3.The novel is well written. 4.The novel is written by Lu Xun. 5.T
5、he cup is broken.6.The cup is broken by Tom.(系表)(系表)(被动)(被动)过去分词作表语，常常强调或说明_；过去分词在被动语态中，则强调_。Difference:主语的状态动作(系表)(被动)3. 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空Hearing the _ news, we all felt _. (encourage)The girl looked at me with a _ expression. Maybe the problem was quite _. (puzzle)The film was so _that all th
6、e people present were _ to tears. (move)We get _ when we see this _ picture. (excite)encouragingencouragedpuzzledpuzzlingmovingmovedexcitedexciting 二、读句子，说出过去分词作状语的功能二、读句子，说出过去分词作状语的功能.Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.过去分词作状语，修饰_，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是
7、过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的：过去分词与主语之间是逻辑上的_。谓语动词动宾关系一、过去分词作时间状语 相当于一个由when，while或after等引导的时间状语从句(1) After they were discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.= Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.（2）When it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks mor
8、e beautiful. Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful. 从山顶往下看，这座公园看起来更漂亮。从山顶往下看，这座公园看起来更漂亮。 二、过去分词作原因状语 相当于一个由as，since或because等引导的原因状语从句(1) Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. = Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.（2）Because the teache
9、r was satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class. Satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class. 三、过去分词作条件状语 相当于一个由if，once或unless等引导的条件状语从句(1) If we were given more time, we could do it much better.= Given more time, we could do it much better.（2）If I am compared with
10、you, I still have a long way to go. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 四、过去分词作让步状语 相当于一个由though，although或even if，even though等引导的让步状语从句(1) Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.= Exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.（2）Though he was laughed by ma
11、ny people，he continued his study. Laughed by many people，he continued his study. . 五、过去分词作方式或伴随状语 若有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。(1) He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.= He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.（2）She was in tears as if she was deeply moved by the moving film.
12、 She was in tears as if deeply moved by the moving film. （3）She sat by the window，and she was lost in thought. She sat by the window，lost in thought. 她坐在窗户边，陷入了沉思。她坐在窗户边，陷入了沉思。（4）Mrs Wu came in，and she was followed by her daughter.=Mrs Wu came in, followed by her daughter. 过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别形式形式意义过去分词过
13、去分词表示的动作与主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动现在分词现在分词表示的动作与主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动1. Seen in the distance，the village looks more beautiful. 从远处看，这个村庄看上去更漂亮。从远处看，这个村庄看上去更漂亮。(see和和the village之间是逻辑上的动宾关系之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)2. Seeing from the hill，we can see a beautiful village. 从山上看，我们可以看到一个漂亮的村庄。从山上看，我们可以看到一个漂亮的村庄。(see和和we之间是逻辑上的
14、主谓关系之间是逻辑上的主谓关系) 精华点拨：1.过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when, while, if, though, as if, unless, until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Eg.Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easily forgotten. When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.2.过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致(现在分词作 状语同样如此)，否则需加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。When
15、he was wathing TV, his friend came in.3.有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而重在描述 主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost (迷失的), seated (坐), hidden (隐藏的), lost/absorbed in (沉浸于), dressed in (穿着)等。 Lost in thought, he didnt hear the bell.课堂小结：课堂小结：(1)同义句转换 When he was told that his mother was ill , Li Lei hurried home quic
16、kly.(时间状语时间状语) Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. If I am compared with you , I still have a long way to go. (时间）时间） Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. Although he was mocked at by everybody, he had my sympathy.（让步）（让步） Mocked at by everybody, he had my sympath
17、y. 当堂检测：当堂检测： Because/As he was greatly touched by the teachers words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.（原因）（原因） Greatly touched by the teachers words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates. The patient got off the bed, and he was supported by the nurse. The patient go
18、t off the bed, supported by the nurse. 1).When _ (offer) help, one often says “Thank you” or “Its kind of you.2)._(Separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 3). Generally speaking, if _(take) according to
19、 the directions, the drug has no side effect.4). He glanced at her, _( note) that though she was tiny, she seemed very well. offeredSeparatedtakennoting(2)单句语法填空5). The teacher came into the lab, _(follow) by some students. 6)._ (sleep) late in the morning, he turned off the alarm oclock. 7)._(see) from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.8) ._(see) the sunset from the hill, he felt relaxed.9). _(lose) in the woods, he was finally saved by the police.followedTo sleepSeen Seeing Lost
