1、桂林理工大学2021年硕士研究生入学考试试题（A）考试科目代码：357考试科目名称：英语翻译基础（总分150分，三小时答完） 考生注意：1请将答题写在答卷纸上，写在试卷上视为无效。一 、短语翻译（每小题1分，共20分）A把下列词组翻译成汉语。2021年 英语翻译基础 第3页 共3页 1Pandoras box 2foreignizing translation 3heavy casualties 4RCEP 5sweet milk6China-ASEAN Expo 7farming industry 8a sound sleeper 9a bad liar 10a self-taught mu
2、sician B把下列词组翻译成英语。11. 多边合作 12. 亚太命运共同体 13. 外贸创新发展 14. 精准扶贫 15. 全国人口普查 16. 打官腔 17. 破釜沉舟 18. 中国国际进口博览会 19. 计算机辅助翻译 20. 疫情防控二、句子翻译（每小题3分，共30分）A把下列句子翻译成汉语。 1. Lifting all rural residents living below the current poverty line out of poverty by 2020 is a solemn promise made by the CPC Central Committee,
3、and it must be fulfilled on time.2. In the event of war, the side which has a high degree of mobility will get a decided advantage. 3. At the fair there is a great quantity of eating and drinking, making love and jilting, laughing and the contrary, smoking, cheating, fighting, dancing and fiddling.
4、4. Nothing give the translator more trouble and perplexity than the translation of technical terms of social and natural science. 5. The dictionarys editors said that it was the third most searched-for word of the year, but comes in at number one once you discount words that recur almost every year,
5、 such as “hello” and “dictionary”. B把下列句子翻译成英语。 6. 从桂林坐旅游车向东南方向走大约两个小时左右可以到达一个叫阳朔的旅游胜地。 7. 每个人的力量是有限的，但只要我们万众一心，众志成城，就没有克服不了的困难。 8我们将履行承诺，向其他发展中国家提供帮助和支持，努力让疫苗成为各国人民用得上、用得起的公共产品。 9. 一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型，再往下学似乎就越来越难了，这其中的原因，也许教师比学生更容易理解。 10. 一个国际研究团队发现在中国两个地区的新造树林对二氧化碳的吸收程度被低估了。三、英译汉（每小题25分，共50分） 1. Oxford
6、 When language learners arrive in Oxford, many ask where the university is, thinking that they will be shown just one building. Its up to their teachers to explain that Oxford University is made up of a collection of many different colleges and institutions, each with its own history and characteris
7、tics. There are many other surprises that learners discover about the city and its university. Katie Jennings is a social organizer at Kings St Josephs Hall in East Oxford, and it is her job to organize activities for learners outside of lesson time. She says many learners are surprised to discover
8、that Oxford is a home to a wide variety of nationalities and ethnic groups, and one of the most popular social events is a night out at one of the towns Latin American dance clubs. After a day spent learning English and absorbing the ancient atmosphere of the university, learners can samba the night
9、 away. The city also has a thriving Asian community, and the sight of women in saris is as common in Oxfords streets as academics in gowns and mortarboards. There is also a mouth-watering selection of Asian restaurants serving curries, as well as shops stocked with exotic vegetables and fruits. The
10、city has attracted such a diverse population not only because of the university, but also because it is an important industrial center which is known for car manufacturing among other things. In spite of large industrial areas, the old of the city center has remained surprisingly intact. Carmel Engi
11、n, who teaches at the Lake School, says many learners are surprised to find that the city is free from the usual high-rise modem buildings. From the center of Oxford, you can see green hills in the distance, and this will make learners deeply feel that they are in a small, friendly town, but not jus
12、t another modern metropolis. Some learners will be tempted to explore those green hillsOxford is surrounded by some of the most beautiful countryside in southern Englandbut, as Engin admits, with so much to do and see in the city, few learners find the time to explore its surroundings. Oxford has de
13、veloped some imaginative initiatives for language learners. One is a local radio station which broadcasts news and provides information for learners. They can visit the station to get experience in radio production. Or they can meet university students in pubs and clubs or at one of the many campus
14、sports facilities which are open to language learners.2. The Motives for Euphemizing The motives for generating euphemisms are as diverse and as universal as the range of human emotions. As we said earlier, fear and a desire to placate the mysterious forces that rule the universe were probably the o
15、riginal reasons for euphemizing. In diluted and subtler forms, these underlying impulses are still with us today; we lard our sentences with expressions like knock on wood without ever thinking that we do so to avert evil. We are subject to other varieties of fear as well. Afraid to flout social and
16、 moral conventions, we refer to our lovers as COMPANIONS, thus disguising the unconventional or socially unacceptable nature of the relationship. Our fear of specific diseases has led us to coin a lexicon of euphemisms for insanity and retardation, epilepsy, venereal disease, cancer, heart disease a
17、nd stroke. We also suffer from a generalized terror of every sort of DISABILITY - the word itself is a euphemism - and disfigurement and, while we fear these conditions, we are equally afraid of the social rejection that might attach to us if we had them.四、汉译英（每小题25分，共50分） 1. 气候变化已不是单纯的环境保护问题，而成为人类生
18、存与发展问题。中国需要改变以煤为主的能源结构和高污染、高能耗的产业结构，以治理环境和应对全球气候变化。同时，积极应对气候变化也是中国参与全球治理的责任，也是实现可持续发展的迫切需要。中国作为世界最大的发展中国家，需要积极推动经济与能源的转型，以推动全球可持续发展。 长期以来，中国高度重视气候变化问题，把积极应对气候变化作为国家经济社会发展的重大战略，把绿色低碳发展作为生态文明建设的重要内容，采取了一系列行动，为应对全球气候变化做出了重要贡献。 到2020年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，非化石能源占一次能源消费总量的比重达到15% ，森林面积比2005年增加4000
19、万公顷，森林蓄积量比2005年增加13亿立方米。 中国还将在农业、林业、水资源等重点领域和城市、沿海、生态脆弱地区形成有效抵御气候变化风险的机制，提高抵抗能力。 2. 北京黄花城水长城旅游区位于北京市怀柔区九渡河镇境内, 距北京市区65公里, 是以奇而著称, 融山川、碧水、古长城为一体的旅游休闲胜地。而这里的“三绝景”更是引人入胜, 叹为观止:“一绝”建于明永乐年间的长城盘旋于山脊之上, 环绕在灏明湖畔, 景色秀美壮观。“二绝”湖水将长城自然断开, 形成长城戏水、水没古城垣的奇特景观。“三绝”明代板栗园, 古树盘根错节, 形态各异。那巨龙戏珠之躯和撑掩苍天之冠, 令人咋舌赞不绝口。沿古道、过木桥、涉小溪、跨怪石, 上行可达黑龙潭。途中, 可见龙尾洞、紫翠峰、醉女山、石浪谷、情人峰、三珠连潭等自然景观。
