1、2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各研究方向 考试科目名称：808外国语言文学综合考试考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 I. Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics
2、candidates must do this part. (20%) 1. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _ and the North Sea in the _. A. east; northC. southeast; northeastB. south; northD. south; east 2. Which of the following does NOT belong to the British Parliament in the full sense? A.
3、 The House of CommonsC. SenateB. The House of LordsD. Sovereign 3. Students who pass the exam of “the 11 plus” in Britain can go to _.A. grammar schools C. public schoolsB. comprehensive schools D. technical schools 4. The Falkland Islands War was between Britain and _. A. France C. ArgentinaB. New
4、Zealand D. Australia 5. The Open University in UK does not offer degrees and other courses for adult students from _. A. America C. FranceB. BelgiumD. Germany 6. _ has earned the name of “Cottonpolis”. A. Birmingham C. EdinburghB. CardiffD. Manchester 7. The famous Silicon Valley is in the state of
5、_. A. California C. IllinoisB. IdahoD. Texas8. The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by _. A. the New Deal C. technological changesB. new energy sourcesD. World War II 9. _ is often used to refer to the U.S. Department of Defense. A. Capitol Hill C. The Pentagon
6、B. The Empire State BuildingD. The White House10. The First Continental Congress was held in 1774 in _. A. Louisiana C. PhiladelphiaB. New YorkD. Washington 11. The Expenditure in American public schools is guided or directed by _. A. boards of education C. studentsB. headmasterD. teachers 12. The i
7、nvention of _ marked the beginning of “the Age of Visual Information”. A. computer C. telegraphB. newspaperD. television 13. Detroit is famous for the production of _. A. automobileC. steelB. bambooD. timber 14. Admission to a university is determined by _ in the United States. A. each university C.
8、 students pointsB. education boardD. the secondary school 15. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of _. A. 12th century C. 14th centuryB. 13th centuryD. 15th century 16. In Canada, the term of the Governor General is _ years. A. three C. fiveB. fourD. six 17. _ claimed tha
9、t Australia and New Zealand belonged to Britain in 1770. A. Abel Tasman C. Christopher ColumbusB. Amerigo VespucciD. James Cook 18. In Australia, the Constitution can be changed only by _. A. referendum C. the Prime MinisterB. British QueenD. the Supreme Court 19. Which city is known as “city of sai
10、ls” in New Zealand? A. Auckland C. DunedinB. ChristchurchD. Wellington20. The population of Ireland is predominantly of _ origin. A. English C. NormanB. CelticD. French II. Fill in the blanks with proper answers. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics cand
11、idates must do this part. (20%)1. Chomskys _ Hypothesis states that children are born with a language acquisition device, a unique kind of knowledge that fits them for language learning. 2. Speech organs, also known as vocal organs, are those parts of the human body involved in the _ of speech. 3. T
12、he word distempered has three morphemes, namely, dis-, temper, and -ed, of which temper is a _ morpheme, while dis- and -ed are _ morphemes. 4. The borrowing of _ is a process in which both form and meaning are borrowed with only a slight change to the phonological system of the new language.5. _, t
13、ogether with openness, is generally regarded as the core of creativity of language.6. Propositional logic studies the _ for propositions, while predicate logic studies the _ of simple propositions.7. From a psycholinguistic point of view, we store a great deal of information about the properties of
14、words in our _, and retrieve this information when we understand language.8. Mark Johnson (1987) defines a(n) _ as a recurring, dynamic pattern of our perceptual interactions and motor programs that gives coherence and structure to our experiences.9. The 1970s witnessed a change in language teaching
15、 when Hymes theory of _ was introduced into the field.10. In saying “Morning!” the speaker intends to perform a(n) _ act of greeting.11. It was in 1798, with the publication of William Wordsworths _, in collaboration with S.T. Coleridge, that romanticism began to bloom and found a firm place in the
16、history of English literature.12. The typical feature of Robert Brownings poetry is the _. 13. As one of the great innovators of the modern novel, Virginia Woolf developed the technique of _ in her writing, which focuses on the complex lives of characters inner minds instead of outward actions.14. T
17、homas Grays _ is regarded to be the most representative works of Graveyard school.15. The English sonnet, also known as Shakespearean sonnet, usually has a regular rhyme scheme of _.16. Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of _.17. _ is
18、 a current of literary theory that dominated Anglo-American literary criticism in the middle decades of the 20th century. It emphasizes close reading, to discover how a work of literature functioned as a self-contained, self-referential aesthetic object.18. _ established himself as the spokesman for
19、 the school of Art for arts sake, which affirmed that art was valuable as art, that artistic pursuits were their own justification and that art did not need moral justification.19. J. Alfred Prufrock is a representative character in _s poem which deals with spiritually exhausted people and captures
20、their sense of defeat for failing to act courageously.20. In 1925, Fitzgerald wrote his best novel _. It is a story of an idealist who was destroyed by the influence of the wealthy, pleasure-seeking people around him.III. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET according to requirements. Both literat
21、ure candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part. (10%)Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. If it is true, write T on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, write F on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. According to Chomsky, a universal grammar is a theory for studyin
22、g the initial states, and particular grammars are theories for studying the states of acquisition. 2. The weak version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis claims that language plays a decisive role in shaping our ways of thinking. 3. Linguistically, names for superordinate categories are often mass nouns
23、when basic level terms are count names. 4. In English, the “chtS” of church and the “jdZ” of jet are both fricatives. 5. In literary texts, the grammatical system of language is often exploited, experimented with, or made to deviate from other, more everyday, forms of language. Section B: Identify t
24、he author and indicate the genre of each of the following works.1. Oliver Twist 2. Mrs Warrens Profession 3. “To My Coy Mistress”4. The Grapes of Wrath5. The Hairy ApeIV. Choose SIX terms from the following and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. The IPA 2. Back-fo
25、rmation 3. Semantic Triangle 4. Construal 5. Performatives 6. Error Analysis 7. Byronic Hero 8. Critical Realism 9. Metaphor 10. Imagist Movement 11. The Beat Generation 12. Black Humor V. Answer the following questions. According to different majors, choose the ones you must do. Write your answers
26、on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)Section A (for linguistics candidates only)：1. What is the relationship between arbitrariness and convention? 2. Give a componential analysis of such words as father, mother, son and daughter.3. Analyze the following short dialog using Grices Cooperative Principle. A: Where
27、 is John? B: Hes gone to the library. He said so when he left. 4. Analyze the structural ambiguity in the following sentence by drawing tree diagrams. The children watched the firework from the hill.Section B (for literature candidates only )：1. What do you think of the setting of “Break, Break, Bre
28、ak”? Discuss what you consider to be the poems central points.2. Based on Mrs. Dalloway, discuss Virginia Woolfs writing techniques.3. Based on Theodore Dreisers Sister Carrie, discuss the typical features of American Naturalism.4. In what sense is William Faulkner regarded as one of the representat
29、ive writers of depicting the South?VI. Choose ONE of the following and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) is now a popular teaching approach among language researchers. State your own opinion about TBLT (including its advantages and disadvantages) usin
30、g your linguistic knowledge. (for linguistics candidates only) 2. Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, and rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words (for literature candidates only). Because I could not stop for Death Emily DickinsonBecause I could not stop fo
31、r Death,He kindly stopped for me;The carriage held but just ourselvesAnd Immortality.We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put awayMy labor, and my leisure too,For his civility.We passed the school, where children stroveAt recess, in the ring;We passed the fields of gazing grain,We passed the
32、 setting sun.Or rather, he passed us;The dews grew quivering and chill,For only gossamer my gown,My tippet only tulle.We paused before a house that seemedA swelling of the ground;The roof was scarcely visible,The cornice but a mound.Since then tis centuries, and yet eachFeels shorter than the dayI first surmised the horses headsWere toward eternity.考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 8 / 8
