1、北京2021高考D篇阅读分析与解析 讲义一篇文章的难或易取决于其所要传达的事物，现象，主旨或思想的鲜见和显见。好的文章始终是深奥难懂且发人深省，我们需要一遍又一遍地咀嚼和回味，随作者的笔触而起伏跌宕并从不同的角度生发更高层次的认识。本文便如此。Early fifth-century philosopher St. Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time was unless someone asked him. Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that tim
2、e varies depending on where you measure it. Todays state-of-the-art atomic (原子的) clocks have proven Einstein right. Even advanced physics cant decisively tell us what timeis, because the answer depends on the question youre asking.从St. Augustine到Albert Einstein，作者旨在说明what time is depends on the ques
3、tion youre asking。没有了惯常的开门见山的打法，大家要紧随作者的拳路。Forget about time as an absolute. What if, instead of considering time in terms of astronomy, we related time to ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo (节奏) of human life?Were increasingly aware of the fact that we cant contro
4、l Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate (调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance. What if our definition of time reflected that?一句Forget about time as an absolute，反向得出Time isnt an absolute。也让读者生疑：where will the author lead us?极具语言张力的三个what if连珠炮似的甩出，既呼应上文
5、what time is depends on the question youre asking又表达了自己的definition of time。也即，his definition of time is related to ecology and reflects that we need to moderate (调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance。Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping thats connected to circumstances on
6、 our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming. Were now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. Weve programmed it to match an atomic clock if the w
7、aterways continue to flow at their present rate. If the rivers run faster in the future on average, the clock will get ahead of standard time. If they run slower, youll see the opposite effect.作者的三个问题只是笼统地表达自己关于时间定义，可谓犹抱琵琶半遮面，而全文的制高点则在于第三和第四自然段。“a new approach to time keeping”既承接上文，更让我们顿觉峰回路转。诸位，让我们
8、迎接这孔雀开屏的盛状吧。任何空洞的口号或鸡汤终觉肤浅。身体力行，更准确地说标新立异的身体力行则更能发人深省。先有构思，I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping thats connected to circumstances on our planet, conditions that might change as a result of global warming。再有身体力行的实践，Were now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flo
9、w of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes。从基于我们星球的由于全球变暖的状况的特殊计时方法，再到正在建立于the Anchorage Museum的反应阿拉斯加几条主要河流的总流量的钟表，作者真可谓别出心裁。阿拉斯加是全球气候变化敏感之地，取决于冰川冻结和融化的河中水流的干枯丰盈是这种敏感反应的外在显现。读到此，各位，我们是不是已经picture some images about the writers new approach to tim
10、ekeeping and his clock?依据环境变化的计时构思和钟表已明确，接下来便是依据何种原理来操作。作者娓娓道来。河道流淌的当前速度是设定该钟表和原子钟表也即标准时间同步的条件。因此得出，在将来，如果流速变快，则河道钟表的计时快于标准时间，反之亦然。你是否从作者的表述中嗅出此举的用意？别急，此时的屏只是半展开状态。The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics. Its a sort of observatory that reveals how th
11、e rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame (时间框架), and allows us to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phones. Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmony with the planet. Anyone who considers river time inrelation to atomic time will encounter a major imb
12、alance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies.如此抽象的时间定义必须用浓墨重彩加以详述。此钟表既记录河流短期的不规律流淌又记录河流长期的动力趋势。这不就是类似的观测站吗。用于展示河流自身的时间框架下的一举一动。而所有的变化皆可在智能手表和手机上显示。如同每天的走步数字显示在手机上，提醒我们运动燃烧calorie从而带来健康。此钟表的用意何尝不是如此呢。它时刻提醒我们will live in harmony with the planet, an
13、dconsume less fuel or support greener policies。至此，色彩斑斓的大屏已经全部打开。在作者的倡导之下，its time for you and me to do something to keep balance with our planet。Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars, early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena. In pre-Classical Gre
14、ece, for instance, people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season. Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival. Likewise, river time and other timekeeping systems were developing may encourage environmental awareness
15、.打出去的拳头缩回来再打出去才更有力度。此处的novel算是呼应上文的new。Early agricultural societies also connected time to natural phenomena中的also指明古人早有此类实践。Temporal connection to the environment was vital to their survival，古人尚知时间和环境的关联对于生存的重要性，更何况今人呢。作者最终千呼万唤出自己的旨意：river time and other timekeeping systems were developing may enco
16、urage environmental awareness。旨在唤起各位的环境意识。When St. Augustine admitted his inabilityto define time, he highlighted one of times most noticeable qualities: Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context. Any timekeeping system is valid,and each is as praiseworthy as its purpose.再长的旅程终有停下来的时候。文章也如此。
17、前呼后应是多数议论文和说明文常用的方式。冯老师在上一篇文章当中称之为“合拢”。回归St. Augustines inability to define time得出Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context，时间只在特定的情境下方有意义。Any timekeeping system is valid, and eachis as praiseworthy as its purpose一句更是作者对自己理念和身体力行所创造的钟表的肯定。31What is the mainidea of Paragraph 1?ATimekeeping is
18、 increasingly related to nature.BEveryone can define time on their own terms.CThe qualities of time vary with how you measure it.DTime is a major concern of philosophers and scientists.32The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to _.Apresent an assumption Bevaluate an argumentChighlig
19、ht an experiment Dintroduce an approach33What can we learnfrom this passage?AThose who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life.BNew ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems.CAtomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower.DModern technology may help to shape the rivers temporal frame.34What can we infer from this passage?AIt is crucial to improve the definition of time.BA fixed frame will make time meaningless.CWe should live in harmony with nature.DHistory is a mirror reflecting reality.
