1、高考英语三轮冲刺备考：阅读和写作中的定语从句运用考向1：关系代词在写作中的应用考点1：长难句类型：定语从句who/that在长难句中的应用来源：2021高考全国卷乙卷B篇原句：Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in cas
2、e of emergencies.关键点：段落首句，2题答案出处主语：谓语：宾语：A.句子主干B.翻译C.重点词汇D.高级句子仿写41）我们知道你是个聪明的喜爱机器人技术的男孩。_2）她随时准备帮助那些有困难的同学。她的热心和善良使我们班成为一个团结的集体。_答案：1）It is known to us that you are an intelligent boy who/that have great fancy for robotics technology.2）She is ready to help those who have difficulties. Her warmth an
3、d kindness make our class a united community.解析：关系词：who/that功能：解释说明或者限定修饰主句中指人的名词或代词位置：被修饰的名词或代词后来源：（2020新高考全国I）Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking . Peoples attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.然而，
4、唯一在乎任何错误的人是说话的人。人们的注意力总是分散的。事实上，大多数人只吸收了演讲者信息的20%。考点2：长难句类型：定语从句which/that在长难句中的应用来源：2020高考全国卷1C篇原句：His efforts have resulted in 1, 360 acres of naturally-grown land that/which has become home to many plants and animals. （2020新高考全国I）主语：谓语：宾语：A.句子主干B.翻译C.重点词汇D.高级句子仿写1）这就是他昨天丢的那本书。_2）收到钱和书后能重返校园，非常感激。
5、_3）北京是我去过最吸引人的城市之一。_答案：1）This is the book(that/which) I lost yesterday.2）I am writing to express my deepest gratitude for money and books （which/that）you sent me.3）Beijing is one of the most attractive cities (that)I have ever been to.解析：关系词：which/that功能：解释说明或者限定修饰主句中指物的名词或代词位置：被修饰的名词或代词.考向2：关系副词在写作
6、中的应用考点1：长难句类型：定语从句where在长难句中的应用来源：2021高考全国卷乙卷B篇原句：That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.关键点：段落尾句，27题答案出处主语
7、：谓语：宾语：A.句子主干B.翻译C.重点词汇D.高级句子仿写However, Molai went looking on his own and discovered a nearby island_（在那里他开始种树）. （2020新高考全国I）答案：1)where he began to plant trees考点2：长难句类型：定语从句why在长难句中的应用The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans is clear.The reason why I like _ve
8、ry much is that _我很喜欢旅行的原因是它很令人放松。_答案：The reason why I like traveling very much is that it can make me feel relaxed.考点2：长难句类型：定语从句when在长难句中的应用Gone are the days when you had to wait for the morning newspaper, to know what is going all around the world. 你不得不等待早晨的报纸才知道世界各地正在发生什么事，这样的日子一去不复返了。Gone are t
9、he days when.女性被歧视，这样的日子一去不复返了。_答案：Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.考向3：非限制性定语从句在写作中的应用考点1.注意：that不能用于非限制性定语从句来源：2019高考全国卷1D篇原句：During the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.关键点：首段首句，25题答案出处长难句类型
10、：非限制定语从句主语：谓语：宾语：A.句子主干B.翻译C.重点词汇D.高级句子仿写1）自从在小学时，我说英语很流利，这让我几乎无困难与外国人交流。（定语从句和状语从句）_2）我被接纳，我可以介绍一些中国画技能给参观者，这有助于他们更加了解我们的中国文化。_3）我们将于星期天上午在人民公园见面， 那里空气新鲜，风景美丽。_4）我们学校下周五将举行一场英语演讲比赛，目的是为了提高我们的口语，同时丰富我们的校园生活。_答案：1）Since the rosy years of elementary school，I have been speaking English fluently, which
11、allows me to communicating with foreigners without difficulty.2）If accepted, I can introduce some Chinese painting skills, which can help them have a better understanding of our Chinese culture.3）We are to meet on Sunday morning in the Peoples Park, where the air is fresh and the scenery is beautifu
12、l.4）Our school will hold an English Speech Contest next Friday,whose purpose is to improve our speaking skills and to enrich our school life.解析：which引导的非限制性定语从句，不完整。Where引导的非限制性定语从句，完整。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句时可代替整个主句（事），置于主句之后。功能：主句在前，陈述事实，which引导的非限制性定语从句在后，展示结果。格式：主句，which will enable sb. to do sth.建议
13、使用位置：中间段第一个要点和相应的细节。考点2.as引导的非限制性定语从句关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句时可代替整个主句（事），使用灵活，可置于句首和句中，在从句中可做主语，宾语，表语。常用下列固定搭配：as we all know=as is known to allas is said above =as always mentioned above As plannedas is often the caseas is reported in the newspaper As is shown原句：We need to go back to our hometown, as is re
14、ported in the newspaper, the war begins.长难句类型：as引导的非限制性定语从句主语：谓语：宾语：A.句子主干B.翻译C.重点词汇D.高级句子仿写1）众所周知，台湾属于中国。_2）按照计划，我们将在下周六八点校门口见面。_答案：1）As we all know, Taiwai belongs to China.2）As planned/scheduled, we will meet at the gate of our school at 8 a.m. next Saturday.考向4：介词+关系代词在写作中的应用来源：天津卷高考满分作文句原句：As y
15、ou know, the final exam of this term is around the corner, for which I am buried in preparing.长难句类型：介词+关系代词常在非限制定语从句中应用。主语：谓语：宾语：A.句子主干B.翻译C.重点词汇D.高级句子仿写1）众所周知，春节即将来临，在春节期间，我们会制作饺子和放烟花。_2）在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧。_答案：1）As we know, the Spring Festival is around the corner, during which we will
16、 make some dumplings and set off fireworks.2）If there is someone in your life to whom you need to say sorry, go ahead and make an apology.三巩固练习A. 将下列句子合并为定语从句1. You should arrive at your friends home early. It will enable you to leave a good first impression on him._答案：You should arrive at your frie
17、nds home early，which will enable you to leave a good first impression on him.2. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit.The suit increased her weight to 180 pounds._答案：But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit,which increased her weight to 180 pounds.3. Yester
18、day, we had a meeting. We discussed many problems at the meeting._答案：Yesterday, we had a meeting where (=at which)we discussed many problems at the meeting.4. In ancient China lived an artist.His paintings were almost lifelike._答案：In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike
19、.B. 定语从句在应用文中的应用1. 关于我们根据教科书改编的一个剧本的事情，我真诚地写信来请求您的帮助。_答案：Im writing in sincerity to ask you a favor regarding a play that/which we adapted according to the textbook.2. 首先，我在中国生活了16年，从小就学习英语，英语和汉语都很好，这对介绍中国画很有帮助。_答案：First of all, having lived in China for 16 years and having learned English since I w
20、as a child, I have a good knowledge of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.3.我是李华，一个外向的男孩，这个暑假在伦敦学习。_答案：Im Li Hua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London during the summer vacation.4. 我写信是想邀请你参加音乐节，音乐节将在我们学校举行从7月5日到7月7日,持续3天。_答案：Im writing to invite you to
21、take part in the Music Festival, which will be held in our school from July 5 to July 7, lasting 3 days.5.你可以想象，这会多有趣。_答案：As you can imagine, what great fun there will be.6.然后，你可以去北京，在那里你可以呆一个星期。_答案：After that，you can go to Beijing, where you can stay for a week.7.每当我遇到困难时，你总是鼓励我，帮助我，这燃起了我对英语的热情,促进我
22、重新获得巨大的信心。_答案：Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiasm for English and promotes me to regain tremendous confidence.拓展练习A. 汉译英。我的姐姐是一个大学生，就读于北京大学。我永远不会忘记去年暑假参观这所大学的日子。 她带我参观了那里的各项设施（facilities)，包括非常吸引我的图书馆。这里有超过一万的学生，他们所有人都为自己的光明前途(promising
23、 future)而奋斗着，这点是我之前没有想到的。她是我学习的榜样，我决心努力学习来报答（repay）为我辛勤工作的父母和老师们。答案： My sister is a college student, who is studying in Peking University. I will never forget the days when I visited this university last summer. She showed me around to see the various facilities, including the library which attracts
24、 me very much. There are more than ten thousand college students, all of whom are fighting for their promising future, which I have never thought before.She is a model from whom I will learn, I am determined to study hard to repay my parents and teachers who are working hard for me.B.定语从句在阅读长难句中的应用W
25、hen almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）?These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyo
26、ne can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that its not really necessary a
27、nd theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor（因素） only 58
28、percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isnt the only factor; Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still
29、find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller
30、 ID would take the fun out of it）.How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity.C. Their major functions. D. Their comp
31、lex design.25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Admit. B. Argue.C.Remember. D. Remark.26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers identity.C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family.2
32、7. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A. It remains a family necessity.B. It will fall out of use some day.C. It may increase daily expenses.D. It is as important as the gas light.【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚使用固定电话的情况，并且表达了固定电话是非必需品的观点。【24题详解】主
33、旨大意题。根据文章第二段“These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. (现在你很难在澳大利亚找到15岁以上的没有手机的人。事实上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有手机。几乎每个人都可以
34、随时随地拨打和接听电话)”可推知，本段主要说明手机在澳大利亚广受欢迎。故选B项。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“Of those Australians who still have a landline (在那些仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人中)”可知，这个调查的目标人群是仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人；根据下文“its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it i
35、n case of emergencies (固定电话并不是必须的，他们将其作为一种安全保障19%的人表示他们从未使用过固定电话，另有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况)”可知，很多人认为固定电话并不是必须拥有的，有些人保留固定电话只是为了防止紧急情况。从而推知，在调查中，他们应该是承认了固定电话的非必要性。由此推知，划线单词“concede”意为“承认”。故选A项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.(婴儿潮时代中有84%的人可能
36、已经有50年相同的家庭号码了)”以及文章第五段“That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents (也就是说，老实说，唯一打过我们家电话的人是婴儿潮一代的父母)”可推知，婴儿潮时代的人一直用固定电话。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and mornin
37、g milk deliveries? (你有多喜欢你的座机？它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的道路？)”可推知，本段使用类比的方式，使用煤气路灯以及早晨送牛奶已经被淘汰的例子，侧面说明了固定电话总有一天会废弃的。故选B项。C.书面表达某中学英语报开设了“人物介绍”栏目，请根据一下内容，为该栏目写一篇介绍阿里巴巴集团的创始人马云的英文稿件。内容要点如下：1.1964年9月10日出生于中国浙江省杭州市2.曾经两次高考失败，1988年毕业于杭州师范学院3.1995年，马云创办中国黄页，被广泛认为是中国第一家互联网公司4.1999年创办阿里巴巴，为来自200个国家和地区的会员提供服务5.马云的
38、成功来自于对所做事业的坚持 参考范文：Ma Yun, who was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province on September 10, 1964, is the founder, chairman and CEO of Alibaba Group. Ma Yun failed the college entrance examination twice and then managed to enter Hangzhou Normal University and graduated in 1988. In 1995, he founded China
39、Yellow Pages, which was widely believed to be Chinas first Internet company. After years of hard work, he founded Alibaba in 1999, which is so successful that it servers members from more than 200 countries and areas.Ma Yun is well-known at home and abroad. He believes in what he does and never give up, which has eventually made him a great success.
