1、We met in this room . Do come to the meeting next Friday .If I were you , I would study hard . 陈述语气陈述语气祈使语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 虚拟语气的考点虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5、虚拟语气时态的判定。、虚拟语气时态的判定。GrammarGrammarthe Subju
2、nctive Mood虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气 一个坚持一个坚持 两个命令两个命令 四个建议四个建议 四个要求四个要求 注：以上动词的名词形式用于同位语从句注：以上动词的名词形式用于同位语从句中，从句中的动词也是用中，从句中的动词也是用“(should) + 动动词原形词原形” insist order, commandadvise, suggest, propose，recommenddemand , require, request, urge1.I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing
3、 C to finish D finish 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could3. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there. A. not went B. wont go C. not go D. not to go4.The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven. A. must
4、 finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished5.The commander ordered that we _ work. A. must finish B. finished C. should finish D. could finish注意：注意： 如如suggest, insist用于其本意用于其本意“暗示、暗示、 表明表明“、”坚持认为坚持认为“时，宾语从时，宾语从句句 用陈述语气。用陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the
5、rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at once.3.He suggested that we_(have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas4. Janes pale face suggested that he _ ill . A be B was C should be D is5.He insists he _right. A. were
6、 B. was C. be D. is 用于表语、同位语、主语从句用于表语、同位语、主语从句在在suggestion / proposal / order / / advice / request /demand 等名词后等名词后的表语和同位语从句中的表语和同位语从句中 要用要用 “should动词原形动词原形” should可以省略可以省略2. It is suggested/ordered / requested /proposed /demanded that从句从句从句从句中的中的 谓语谓语 动动 词词用用should+动词动词原形原形，should 可以可以省略省略考题点击考题点击1
7、.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2 She made the demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be leftWe are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put
8、off D. is to put offif if引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America.If I won the lottery now, I would buy an expensive car. 现在事实相反现在事实相反过去事实相反过去事实相反将来事实相反将来事实相反与与现现在在相相反反与与过过去去相相反反与与将将来来相相反反If从句从句主句主句did（be用用were)had +donedid（be用用w
9、ere)were to+ doshould +doWould do(should/could/might)Would +doshould/could/mightWould have + done (should/could/might)a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice.b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenPRACTICE 1: Fill in t
10、he blanks.If you had told me in advance, I _ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet _I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Wereif it_ tomorrow, I wouldnt attend the party. A. rain B. rains C. had rained D. were to r
11、ain I would have gone to the meeting if I _ time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had倒装的倒装的If If虚拟句虚拟句二、二、省略省略 if 的条件从句的条件从句If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it.If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Were I to meet him tomorrow, Should he
12、fail in the experimentHad you listened to the doctor，you _ all right. A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been2. _the exam, he would have attend a college.A. If he passed B. Had he passedC. Were he passed D. If he should pass3._five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should
13、 arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive4. _ your letter, I would have started off two days ago. A. If I received B. Should I receive C. If I could have received D. Had I received由主句可见本题是对过去情况的假设，所由主句可见本题是对过去情况的假设，所以以if从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，也可从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，也可以省略以省略if，把，把had提前，用倒装的形式
14、表提前，用倒装的形式表达。达。虚拟语气虚拟语气3、错综时间的条件句、错综时间的条件句 即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。如：If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他们(以前)努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt do it much better like this. 如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。 虚拟语气在复合句中的应用：虚拟语气在复合句中的应用：1. If I hadnt stood un
15、der the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _ now.A. wouldnt be smilingB. wont smileC. couldnt have smiled D. didnt smile2.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy.He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.A. not take B. shouldnt have takenC. didnt take D. hadnt taken3. If you _
16、me earlier, you _ sorry now.A. had listened to; wouldnt have beenB. were to listen to; shouldnt have beenC. had listened to; wouldnt beD. listened to; wouldnt be4. If I _ with her last summer, I _ with her now. A. worked; am getting on very well B. had worked; would get on very well C. had worked; w
17、ould have got on very well D. had worked; will get on very well本题由本题由last summer可见可见if从句是对过去情从句是对过去情况的假设，由况的假设，由now可见主句是对现在情况可见主句是对现在情况的虚拟，所以的虚拟，所以if从句中谓语动词该用过去从句中谓语动词该用过去完成时，主句谓语动词该用完成时，主句谓语动词该用would do2 由由介词介词或或介词介词短语暗示的虚拟结短语暗示的虚拟结构构 without(没有没有) but for(要不是要不是) with otherwise without, but for，or
18、和和otherwise 构成虚构成虚拟。拟。 but for要要不是，不是，or否则（含蓄条件句）否则（含蓄条件句） 1.）Without sunlight, there would be no life on our planet. 2.）But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. 3.）I was ill that day .otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词副词) 4.）He telephoned to inform me of your bir
19、thday , or I would have known nothing about it .(连词连词)1. Without sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B would be C can be D must be 2 But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B would have arrived C arrive D arrived If only 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句“要是该有多好啊要是该有多好啊”If only
20、 I _(ask) the question nowIf only I _(see) the film yesterday!If only I _ driving before. A. had learned B. learned C. learn D. would learn 9. If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie askedhad seenas if /though + Clause现
21、在：现在：过去：过去：将来将来 :did /were(现在现在)had done(过去过去)would+动词原形动词原形(将来将来) She loves the baby as if it her own son. I remembered the whole thing as if it_ yesterdaywereAs if/though和和wish用法相同用法相同had happened1. wish 的宾语的宾语从句从句现在现在: 过去时（过去时（were）过去过去: 过去完成时过去完成时未来未来: would/could/might +V. shouldI wish I _(be)a
22、s tall as you.wereI wish every day _(be)my birthday.wereI wish/wished I _( eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. hadwould rather (that)现在现在,将来将来：过去：
23、过去：I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.I would rather you came tomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时1. She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today. A. had B. should leave C. leaves D. left2. Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told五、
24、虚拟语气在其他从句中五、虚拟语气在其他从句中1.It is (high / about ) time that“到做到做-的时间了的时间了.”注意注意:should不能省略不能省略过去时should +V原.我们该去睡觉了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 15.It is high time the child that _ to the hospital. A. is sent B. would be sent C. must be sent D. were sentIts necessary /
25、strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形uIt is important that we a foreign language.uIt is strange that she to come to the party.uIts necessary that we hard.( should ) masterrefuseshould study考题点击考题点击：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B
26、. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldDBshould have done 表示过去本应该做某事而没有表示过去本应该做某事而没有做，含批评、责备的语气。做，含批评、责备的语气。shouldnt have done 表示过去本不应该做某事却表示过去本不应该做某事却做了。做了。 You should have gone to the party. 你本应该去那个聚会的。（实际上没有去） I sh
27、ouldnt have wasted so much time playing computer games. 我本不应该浪费这么多时间玩电脑游戏。（实际上时间已浪费了）should have done1. I told Tom how to get there, but perhaps I _for him. A. had to write it out B. shouldnt have written it out C. would have written it out D. should have written it out 有时为了表达需要有时为了表达需要,并不总是出现并不总是出现
28、 if 引导的条引导的条件句件句,而通过其他手段来代替条件句而通过其他手段来代替条件句.1.I was ill that day. 0therwise, I _ (take ) part in the sports meet.2.I _ (give) you more help, but I was too busy.3.A man who stopped drinking_ (be) dead in seven days.4.But for water, it _ (be) impossible to live in the desert.would have takenwould have
29、 takenmight have given would be would be 5. 如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了 If the weather _finer, the crops _still better. 6.如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医院里如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医院里了了 If you _ the teachers advice, you _ in the hospital.had beenwould be growinghad followedwouldnt be虚拟语气虚拟语气1.Alan _ the
30、 party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed2. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen3. I wish this bus _ to the university.A. go B. went C. has gone D. had goneExercises虚拟语气虚拟语气4. Have you
31、 ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had5. I dont think it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must go6. 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken1. If he my adv
32、ice, he wouldnt have lost his job.(2010,天津)A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow2. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.(2010,重庆) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 3. If we _ the other road ,we might have arrived here in ti
33、me for the meeting.(2010,陕西) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .(2010,浙江)A. would have been savedB. had been saved C. will be savedD. was saved1. 判断是否虚拟判断是否虚拟2. 判断虚拟类型判断虚拟类型3. 判断虚拟时间判断虚拟时间 3. -Why didnt you come to
34、the party yesterday? -I would , but an unexpected visitor _ to see me. A. came B. would come C. had come D. was coming 4.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 5. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B
35、. will be C. would have been D. would be I forget where I read the article, or I _ it to you now. A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _.” A. Hed better give up drinking B. He shouldnt have drunk so much C. Health is more importa
36、nt than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _ you if you had so high a fever.” A. do B. are C. will D. would4. _ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up5. It is hard for me to imag
37、ine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall5. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda C
38、ox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 6. “Do you know his address？” “No, I also wish I _ where he _.” A. knew, live B. knew, lives C. know, lives D. know, lived7. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadnt rained, we _ there by tomorrow. A. cant get B. wont get C. hadnt got D. wouldnt get8. If I hadnt been lucky enough to meet you. I really _ what I would have done.A. dont know B. hadnt knownC. wasnt knowing D. wouldnt know
