1、Education in BritainEducation made us what we are. - Helvetius French philosopherEducation begins a gentleman; conversation completes him. - English proverblChange & Reform in SchoolslThe 1870 reformlThe tripartite system for secondary educationlBasic structure for the systemlSchools TodaylHigher Ed
2、ucation, Further Education & TraininglFreedom as the feature of British education as a wholeThe Selective SystemlA system for secondary schooling in Britain, under which children take an examination, the “11 plus”, in their last year of primary education.lThe results of the examination determine the
3、 kind of secondary schooling each child will receive.lThose with the highest marks go to grammar schools; others may go to technical schools, and the rest by far majority go to secondary modern schools.The Comprehensive SystemlA system for secondary schooling in Britain, under which all children, re
4、gardless of ability, can mix together.lIn comprehensive schools, students study a wide variety of subjects at first until 2 or 3 years later, when they may study only those they like best.lMany new ideas in education are being tried out at present, and comprehensive schools vary widely throughout Br
5、itain.Independent SchoolslPublic schools: secondary private boarding schools that prepare students chiefly for universities. They laid the foundations of English education, but now are generally restricted to a comparatively small section of the population, mainly the rich and conservative in politi
6、cs. Eton, Harrow and Rugby are the 3 most famous public schools.lPrep schools: small private boarding schools for children up to 7 or 8 years old, which help to prepare the children for the “common entrance” examination at the age of 13 for admission to a public school, and where Latin, French and m
7、athematics are all started early.Other SchoolslCounty schools: state-run secondary schools, most of which are administered by the county or county borough. About half of the money comes from the local authority and the other half from the central government. lVoluntary schools: also called mission s
8、chools in other countries, secondary schools in Britain that are mostly Church of England or Roman Catholic in origin, and partly maintained and controlled by the local authority. They give a certain amount of denominational religious instruction. Education is free in such schools.The UniversitieslO
9、xford and Cambridge 12th and 13th centurieslCollege system and tutorial systeml4 Scottish universities 15th and 16th centurieslSt. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Edinburghl3 other universities containing colleges 19th centurylDurham, London, Walesl19th- and 20th-century universities starting from colle
10、geslPost-war universities, or university colleges, teaching a more balanced mixture of subjectslUniversities of technology, promoted during the 1960slThe Open University“red brick”Oxford and CambridgelCollege system: whereby all students live in college during at least part of their course, which fo
11、sters a community spirit in which a useful mingling of intelligence can take place. Such colleges include tutors as well as students, and are largely self-governing.lTutorial system: whereby each student gets personal tutoring once a week in his tutors own room. It, together with a weekly programme
12、of private study, has been considered very important at Oxford and Cambridge.“Red Brick”l“Red brick”: a slightly contemptuous term used to refer to the large group of 19th- and 20th-century universities and university colleges in Britain. It describes their construction, which is contrasted with the
13、 more dignified and solid-looking ancient architecture of Oxford and Cambridge. The distinctive feature of these universities was that they were non-collegiate institutions which admitted men without reference to religion or background and that they concentrated on real-world skills, often linked to
14、 engineering. Anna123123Andrey123123students cant do much to change the worldstudents should get involved into politicsuniversity life should be interestinguniversity is a new page in her lifehighly value students demonstrationsuniversity ensures a good timeTo train her mind and make her more percep
15、tiveTo learn how to argueTo be changed by the universityTo live in a classless campusLead to a well-paid jobTo become mature and be more worldlyBilly1212Julie12School is a boring place, and he is eager to leave for a job.School is an influential place, but she has no interest in attending it.He enjo
16、ys the practical application of skill learned in a YTS scheme.She highly appreciates the practical aspects of a YTS scheme.There will be no gains from YTS.To become a skilled manual workerNone.Freedom in British EducationlComparative independence of the local education authoritieslAbsence of centralized time-tables and syllabuseslDifferent types of schoolslDiverse system of university degrees
