1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero (vocabulary)qualityn. U,C质，质量，品质；特性（既用于描述物品，也用于质，质量，品质；特性（既用于描述物品，也用于描述人物）描述人物）C性质；特性；特点性质；特性；特点常用结构：（表示常用结构：（表示“具有具有的性质的性质”时，多在下面结构前加时，多在下面结构前加of）high quality 优质优质 poor quality 劣质劣质 average quality 一般的品质一般的品质in quality 在质量方面在质量方面易混辨析易混辨析 quality/quantityquality 质
2、，质量质，质量 quantity 数量；大量数量；大量高手过招高手过招完成句子他仔细检查家具的品质。他仔细检查家具的品质。He examined carefully. 他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。He has of a successful businessman.the quality of the furniture all the qualities meanadj. 吝啬的，自私的，卑鄙的吝啬的，自私的，卑鄙的be mean with/ about 对于 是吝啬的be mean to sb./ sth. 对某人某事刻薄或卑鄙mean do
3、ing sth. 意味着做某事意味着做某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事had meant 原计划，打算（过去打算做却没做成的事原计划，打算（过去打算做却没做成的事Vt. 意味着，打算意味着，打算activeAdj. 积极的，活跃的积极的，活跃的be active in sth. 在某方面积极在某方面积极take an active part in sth. 积极参加积极参加sth.She takes an active part in school activities. She is active in our class.generousadj. 慷慨的，大方的be
4、 generous with sth. 在某方面慷慨在某方面慷慨be generous to sb. 对某人宽容对某人宽容be generous in doing sth. 乐于做某事乐于做某事She is generous with money.She is always generous to her students.She is generous in helping others devotevtvt. .献身；专心于献身；专心于常用结构：常用结构：devote oneself/ones energy/ones time to (doing) sth.奉献奉献/ /精力精力/ /时间
5、于某事时间于某事He devoted all his life to helping the poor.他的一生都奉献给了帮助穷苦人。He devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals. 他终生献身于保护珍稀动物。devoted adj. 忠实的，深爱的sb. be devoted to (doing) sth. 某人献身/专心做某事，钟爱的a devoted friend 一个挚友Devoted to his work, he didnt get married all his life.She is devoted
6、 to her students .You are really lucky to have such a devoted friend.类似于类似于devote . to . 的结构中的结构中to为介词为介词的词组还有：的词组还有：object to 反对反对 attend to 办理；照顾；注意听办理；照顾；注意听look forward to 期待；盼望期待；盼望 be opposed to 反对反对 devote . to 贡献给贡献给 stick to 坚持坚持 lead to 导致导致 pay attention to 注意到注意到 be related to 与与有关有关 see
7、 to 务必做到；务必做到； 负责负责refer to 提到；指的是提到；指的是 turn to 翻到；翻到； 求助于求助于高手过招高手过招单项填空The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker to his invention. (2010陕西师大附中月考)A. while he was devoted B. while devotingC. while devoting himself D. while devotedA He foundedfounded the first Republic in China in 1911 after man
8、y years fighting. 经过多年斗争经过多年斗争他于他于19111911在中国创建了第一个共和国。在中国创建了第一个共和国。 found (founded, founded)found (founded, founded) 建立，创建建立，创建 find (found, found)find (found, found) The hospital was foundedfounded in 1920. Have you foundfound your missing pen?out of work 失业lose ones job 失去工作in work有工作有工作He lost h
9、is job last week and his wife has been out of week for two weeks. out of 出于 ，由于 ；缺乏；放弃；越出之外out of balance/control/danger/order/reach/question/sight/placeOut of sight, out of mind.眼不见眼不见, 心不烦。心不烦。 高手过招用适当的介词（短语）填空 Although my computer is date now, its still use.After the fourth operation, the patient
10、 has been danger.out of; in out ofStage: 1 舞台She is dancing on the stage. 2 阶段，时期 The plan is still in its early stages where it need examining. The stage when he is preparing for his study is really important.the stage戏剧（表演）戏剧（表演）For him, the stage is just a means of making a living.On the stage 在舞
11、台上在舞台上On the stage, she is a princess.vote v. 投票，选举投票，选举We voted him our monitor.vote for sb./sth. 投票支持某人或某事投票支持某人或某事vote against sb./sth投票反对某人或某事投票反对某人或某事Vote to do sth/on sth. 投票表决做某事投票表决做某事/某事某事Whether you vote for or against the plan doesnt seem to matter very much.Students voted to have a sport
12、s meeting/on a sports meeting.n.投票，选票，表决have/take a vote on 对对进行表决进行表决As we cant agree on this matter, lets have a vote on it.attack vt.进攻，攻击，抨击进攻，攻击，抨击There is an article attacking our headmaster in our class.Attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻击某人用某物攻击某人be attacked with 患病患病He was attacked by a robber with a
13、 piece of wood.He is very sad because his mother is attacked with cancer.n.进攻，攻击，病情发作进攻，攻击，病情发作make an attack on/upon攻击，抨击，袭击攻击，抨击，袭击under attack 遭到攻击遭到攻击a heart attack心脏病发作心脏病发作It was said that they made an attack on the city yesterday./that the city was under attack yesterday. as a matter of fact
14、事实上事实上It was cold. As a matter of fact, it was freezing.联想拓展联想拓展as a matter of fact=in fact/in actual fact/actually/in reality/to tell the truth 实际上；事实实际上；事实to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是让事情更糟糕的是it doesnt matter 没有关系没有关系单项填空单项填空It rained that day. , our car broke down on the way. (2010江苏泰州一轮检测江苏泰州一轮
15、检测)A. In fact B. ActuallyC. To make matters worse D. To tell the truth blow up vi.爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆vt. 炸毁；给炸毁；给充气；放大（照片）充气；放大（照片）My father blew up when I didnt come home last night.我昨晚没回家，父亲大发雷霆。Stop at the gas station and well blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下，我们要给轮胎打气。联想拓展联想拓展blow away刮走，吹走刮走，吹走blo
16、w down(风风) 刮倒刮倒 blow off 吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出blow out 吹熄；（电线）烧断吹熄；（电线）烧断blow over (暴风雨等暴风雨等)吹散，刮倒；（坏天气）大风平息吹散，刮倒；（坏天气）大风平息 单项填空A short circuit will the fuse(保险丝). （原创）A. blow up B. blow offC. blow out D. blow overequal adj.相同的；平等的相同的；平等的 vt.等于，比得上等于，比得上(equal sb. in在在方面比得上某人方面比得上某人） n.同等同等/相
17、等的人或物相等的人或物He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces.他让我们把苹果切成三等份。他让我们把苹果切成三等份。None of us can equal her in intelligence.我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她 be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事胜任某事/ 做某事做某事A equals B A等于等于Bwithout equal/have no equal 无与伦比无与伦比/无比无比 Be equal with与与平等平等Are you equal to
18、(doing) the task?你能胜任这项工作吗？你能胜任这项工作吗？Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China.在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。In the sight of God, the rich is equal with the poor. in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困难时就给我们打电话。have trouble (i
19、n) doing sth. 做某事有困难。take (the) trouble to do sth.费尽心血而去做某事 give sb. trouble/put sb. to trouble麻烦某人；打扰某人have trouble with . 有病痛；同闹纠纷get into trouble 陷入麻烦 make/ask for troubleWe had no trouble (in) finding his office.我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。He took the trouble to show me the way to the st
20、ation.他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站而指路。他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站而指路。I dont like giving trouble to people I dont know.我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。The man often has trouble with his wife.这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。 Turn to: 求助于；转向求助于；转向I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than turned to my parents .Turn to the left and
21、you will find the post.联想拓展联想拓展turn against背叛背叛turn down（音量）关小；拒绝（音量）关小；拒绝turn in上交上交turn .into .(使使)成为成为turn off关掉关掉(水源、水源、 煤气、煤气、 电灯等电灯等)；避开；避开(问题等问题等)turn on打开打开(水、水、 煤气、煤气、 电灯、无线电等电灯、无线电等)turn over(使使)打翻打翻/翻身翻身/翻动翻动/翻耕翻耕(土地土地)/转危为安转危为安turn up开大；出现；找到开大；出现；找到by turns轮流；交替轮流；交替in turn依次；轮流依次；轮流tur
22、n out证明是；结果是证明是；结果是单项填空单项填空In the new city there wasnt a single person the poor boy could turn for help.(2010辽宁本溪月考辽宁本溪月考)A. that B. whoC. from whom D. to whomWe had a good many anxious moments, but everything all right in the end.(2010江苏南京一轮江苏南京一轮)A. turned down B. turned onC. turned out D. turned
23、to(2)用与用与turn搭配的适当介词填空搭配的适当介词填空 （原创）（原创）The key you lost has turned .Nothing could make the brave man turn his motherland.Dont rush. Please wait in line and get on the bus turn.He asked his teacher to give him the chance one more time but his teacher turned him .Be sure to turn the lights when you l
24、eave the classroom.(2)up against in down off lose heart 丧失勇气或信心丧失勇气或信心He failed many times, but he didnt lose heart.他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。Lose ones heart to 爱上爱上He lost his heart to that beautiful girl from the countryside.翻译句子翻译句子不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。 她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。她喜欢上了一位年轻士
25、兵。Dont lose heart, all will turn out well. She lost her heart to a young soldier.lose ones life丧生丧生; 遇害遇害lose face丢脸丢脸; 受屈辱受屈辱lose hope失去希望失去希望Lose ones sight失明失明Lose weight 减肥减肥Lose ones way 迷路迷路Lose ones temper 发脾气发脾气Learnby heart背诵，牢记背诵，牢记heart and soul 全心全意全心全意Escape vt. 逃避，避免逃避，避免Escape n./doin
26、g 逃避（做）某事逃避（做）某事Although he was late for class, he escaped punishment/being punished.vi. 逃脱，逃走逃脱，逃走Escape from + n. 从从中逃脱中逃脱He escaped from the school this morning but soon was caught.n. 逃脱，逃避，泄露逃脱，逃避，泄露Have/make an/ ones escape 逃走逃走Have a narrow escape 死里逃生死里逃生As soon as Jim turned his back, she wo
27、uld make her escape. Believe it or not, I had a narrow e to power 上台；当权上台；当权 in power 执政执政 take power 用武力夺取政权用武力夺取政权The government came to power in 2000. That is, it has been in power for 12 years.The general had tried to take power, but he failed at last. lose power 失去权力，下台失去权力，下台be in ones power t
28、o do sth.某人有权某人有权（有能力）做某事（有能力）做某事be beyond ones power to do sth.某人无某人无权（无能力）做某事权（无能力）做某事beg vi./vt. 请求请求 ， 乞求乞求 （begged, begged)beg for sth. 讨要某物讨要某物beg sb. for sth.= beg sth. from / of sb. 向某人向某人讨要某物讨要某物Beg (sb.) to do sth. 乞求某人做某事乞求某人做某事They stand by the road begging for money.He was so poor that
29、he had to beg money from passers-by. She begged me to wait for her, for she didnt want to be left home.rewardreward n. n. 报酬，奖金报酬，奖金 He worked hard but without much reward.in rewardin reward for作为对作为对回报回报She got nothing in reward for her kindness.as a reward for 作为对作为对的报酬的报酬/奖赏奖赏give/offer a reward
30、to sb. for sth. 因某事给某人报酬因某事给某人报酬We will offer a reward of ten thousand yuan for information about the case.vt. 酬谢，给以报答酬谢，给以报答He rewardedrewarded me with a prize for my success. reward sb. for因因而奖励某人而奖励某人reward sb. with 用用奖励某人奖励某人易混辨析易混辨析 reward/award/prizereward表示“奖赏，酬谢”，动词只能以人或人的行为以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人
31、因做了某事而应得到某东西。award 作名词指正式或官方 “给予，颁发，授予”（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词时可以跟两个宾语，award sb. sth.把某物授予把某物授予/判给某人判给某人。prize只能作名词，表示“奖赏、奖金、奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。单项填空Martin Luther King, a great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to wor
32、ld peace. (201011河南洛阳月考)A. rewarded B. given C. awarded D. offeredThey the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.A. rewarded B. awarded C. charged D. paidThe girl got nothing in for her kindness, which made her very sad.A. prize B. award C. medals D. reward CADset up 设立，建立设立，建立We decided to set up
33、 a fund for the Hope Project.set down 记下，写下记下，写下Set out/off 出发，动身出发，动身Set out to do sth.开始做某事开始做某事Set about doing sth.开始做某事开始做某事Sentence vt./n. 判决，宣判，判刑判决，宣判，判刑Be sentenced to被判处被判处She was sentenced to three years in prison.He is serving a sentence of six months in prison.Heavy/light sentence重判重判 /轻判轻判Life sentence终身监禁终身监禁Death sentence 死刑死刑
