1、家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变的诊断和治疗的诊断和治疗汇报人: 阮 露导 师: 黄 欣家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变Familial Exduative Vitroretinopathy (FEVR)一种遗传性的视网膜血管异常性疾病,可终身慢性进展,常双眼发病且病变程度不一。遗传性遗传异质性表型异质性FZD4TSPAN12NDPLRP5常染色体显性遗传常染色体隐性遗传X性染色体遗传Am J Hum Genet, 2004Am J Hum Genet, 2010Clin Experiment Ophthalmol, 2006Ophthalmic Genet, 2004遗传
2、性初次就诊时:8-18%阳性家族史。完善的检查后:新增19-79%发现FEVR样的改变。亲属中的无症状患者通常表现为期或期病变。High prevalence of peripheral retinal vascular anomalies in family members of patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmology 2014.Clinical presentation of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmology 2011.临床特征视
3、网膜毛细血管分支增多,周边异常终止,呈毛刷状,周边无灌注区,FFA:灌注区和无灌注区交界晚期高荧光。Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy presenting with unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a Malay teenager. BMJ Case Rep 2013. 临床特征纤维血管组织收缩可牵拉视网膜形成皱褶,导致黄斑移位,部分可与晶状体赤道部相连。临床特征通常双眼发病,两眼病变程度不一致,且同一家系的不同个体,病变程度不一致。Clinical Features of Congenit
4、al Retinal Folds. Am J Ophthalmol 2012.临床特征通常双眼发病,两眼病变程度不一致,且同一家系的不同个体,病变程度不一致。Clinical Features of Congenital Retinal Folds. Am J Ophthalmol 2012.自然病程l慢性终身病,有静止期,可在一段静止期后病变重新活动;l发病越早(1岁内),病变发展越快,病情越重,预后越差;l成年发病者,病情相当稳定;l异常视网膜纤维血管持续增殖,可发展至视网膜皱襞,视网膜脱离及一系列并发症,包括新生血管性青光眼、并发性白内障、玻璃体积血等。Familial exudativ
5、e vitreoretinopathy. Tran Am Ophthalmol Soc 1971.Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmologe 2010.诊 断定义:FEVR是一种遗传性的视网膜血管异常性疾病,可终身慢性进展,常双眼发病且病变程度不一。临床诊断标准:阳性家族史可帮助诊断阴性无排除诊断作用眼底有特征性血管改变可有视网膜皱襞,黄斑异位FFA是金标准鉴别诊断婴幼儿:早产儿视网膜病变Norrie病晚期病例:PHPVCoats病视网膜母细胞瘤FEVR的疾病分期期 视网膜周边无灌注区期 除期表现外,视网膜新生血管伴或不伴渗出期 次全
6、视网膜脱离,不累及黄斑部期 次全视网膜脱离,累及黄斑部期 视网膜全脱离Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Results of surgical management. Ophthalmology. 1998.治 疗期 随访期 激光光凝或冷冻治疗-期 手术(环扎或玻璃体手术),可联合激光治疗后 定期随访,及时干预复发病例Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Results of surgical management. Ophthalmology. 1998.Clinical characteristics and
7、surgical management of familial exudative vitroretinopathy. Retina. 2012激光治疗Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy, clinical profile and management. Indian Jourrnal of Ophthalmology. 2014.周边视网膜新生血管和渗出性视网膜脱离是激光治疗的的主要依据;具体方案上基本同ROP的治疗;大多数反应好,某些病例病变继续进展.甚至恶化;激光治疗Progression of Familial exudative vitreore
8、tinopathy after laser treatment. Arch Ophthalmol 2004.双眼激光后1个月,病变疾病消退双眼激光后4个月,病变疾病消退激光治疗Clinical Features of Congenital Retinal Folds. AJO. 2012.治疗前激光后2个月手术治疗:视网膜脱离孔源性渗出性牵引性严重的FEVR易在较小年纪(3.2岁)发生渗出性和牵引性视网膜脱离;而病变较轻者易在稍长年纪(16.4岁)发生孔源性视网膜脱离。Clinical characteristics and surgical management of familial ex
9、udative vitroretinopathy. Retina. 2012.手术治疗渗出性和牵引性视网膜脱离:单纯渗出性网脱,可激光包裹,避免脱离扩大;或不处理牵引性视网膜脱离合并或不合并渗出性者,主要采用玻璃体手术治疗,可联合环扎。Clinical characteristics and surgical management of familial exudative vitroretinopathy. Retina. 2012.Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy: surgical intervention and visual acuity ou
10、tcomes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1997孔源性视网膜脱离:首选环扎,当PVR C级以上,裂孔位于后级部、泡脱或存在巨大裂孔时行玻璃体手术联合环扎。Clinical characteristics and surgical management of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy- associated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Retina 2012手术治疗中心凹受牵拉程度:Clinical characteristics and surgical man
11、agement of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy- associated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Retina 2012无,14例轻度,5例重度,5例抗VEGF药物治疗依据: FEVR与ROP的病变相似; 抗VEGF治疗区3期伴plus的病变有效; 患者玻璃体腔VEGF水平升高; 特征,纤维增殖牵引广泛,且可迅速进展。应用: 积极的治疗(激光、冷冻、玻璃体腔注射类固醇),视网膜异常血管仍持续活动,出血、渗出增加。Treatment of vascularly active familial exudat
12、ive vitreoretinopathy with pegaptanib sodium (Macugen). Retina, 2008Prospects for Treatment of Pediatric Vitreoretinal Diseases with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibition. Seminars in Ophthalmology 2009.抗VEGF药物治疗Treatment of vascularly active familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with pegaptanib sodium (Macugen). Retina, 2008抗VEGF药物治疗Treatment of vascularly active familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with pegaptanib sodium (Macugen). Retina, 2008谢 谢!