1、2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL1Unit 3 Generation Gapby Yao Jie2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL2About Generation Gap2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HNUFL22022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL3About Generation Gap2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HNUFL32022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL4About Generation Gap2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HNUFL42022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL52022-7
2、-24by Yao Jie,HUEL6ContentsHomeworkLanguage StudyStructureBackground InformationWarm-up2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL7Warm-upDo you have similar experiences described in the cartoon?What do you think causes the generation gap?How can we narrow it?2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL8Causes of Generation GapDifferent
3、time periodRapid cultural changeDifferent experienceParental authorityRapid pace of life Different viewsNew inventionsDifferent judgmentsUnwillingness to obeyFailure to communicate2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL9Solutions to Generation GapParents:be open to new things,give the children more chance to make
4、mistakes,treat children equallyChildren:show more respect to parents,be more considerateKey point:think in the others shoes,communicate more,love2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL10Background InformationBasic knowledge about play play act(幕)scene(场)The major components of a play:Characters Language Settings C
5、onflicts Stage Directions Climax Theme2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL11Stage indicatorBackground InformationrightleftUp-rightDown-leftUp-leftDown-rightaudiencecenterstage2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL12Background InformationThe functions of stage directions:To set up stage properties in the proper placeTo indica
6、te a change in settingTo direct actors movement,gesture,facial expression,tone of voice,etc.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL13Background InformationEssence of a play:Conflictsa clash of actions,ideas,desires or wills.Three forms:man vs.man;man vs.environment;man vs.himself.The conflict in this play is betwe
7、en _ and _.(Mr.Thompson,his children)2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL14Background InformationClimaxWhen a conflict develops to the most intensified point,it becomes a climax.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL15Background InformationThemeQuestion:Can a playwright come forward,interrupt the action,and tell the audience
8、 what he/she means by a certain scene or explain to them what is going on in the minds of the characters?The audience must conclude by themselves.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL16Some pictures of plays2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL17Cats 2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL18Hamlet 2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL19Hamlet2022-7-24b
9、y Yao Jie,HUEL20Hamlet2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL21Romeo and Juliet2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL22Romeo and Juliet2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL23Cultural note of part 2prom (L98)short for promenadea formal(black tie)dance,or gathering of high school students in the United States and Canada.typically held near th
10、e end of the senior year.At prom,a Prom Queen and Prom King may be revealed,which are honorary titles awarded to students chosen in a school-wide vote prior to the prom.They are reflections of popularity and their level of participation in school activities,such as clubs or sports.2022-7-24by Yao Ji
11、e,HUEL24Cultural note of part 2Boys usually dress in black or white formal wear,regardless of the time of the event,sometimes paired with brightly colored ties or bow-ties.Girls wear traditional ladies dresses or gowns.Traditionally girls will also wear a corsage,given to them by their dates,and gir
12、ls give boys matching boutonnires to be worn on their lapel.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL25Cultural notes of part 2honor student(L186)a person recognized for achieving high grades or high marks in their course work.Their names can be found on lists published periodically throughout the school year,known
13、as honor rolls,varying from school to school,and from different levels of education.often rewarded for their achievements.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL26StructureScenes Lines Main ideas1231-6566-169170-210 In a fast-food restaurant,Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudly to the restaurant manager.
14、In the Thompson family dinning room,Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a work-mate into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom.In an office at Heidis high school,Father embarrassed Heidi by boasting to an official about how bright she was.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL27Language Study know bet
15、teraddress (L10)embarrass (L13)pulling dumb things on.(L21)consist of (L26)fade (L75)suspense (L82)interrupt (L85)distract(L91)monotone (L103)even (L104)short (L124)come over sb.(L152)get sth.over with (L157)interfere (L191)more than(L204)be that as it may (L232)2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL28Words of pa
16、rt 1know betterknow better than thatknow better than to do sth.be wise or well-trained enough not to do(sth.)不至于，懂得不该E.g Fools may believe you,but I know better.傻子才相信你，但我可不相信你的话。Trans.你应该知道刚吃过饭不宜立即去游泳。你应该知道刚吃过饭不宜立即去游泳。You ought to know better than to go swimming immediately after a meal.2022-7-24by
17、Yao Jie,HUEL29Words of part 1address (L10)v.1)make a speech to(a person or an audience),esp formally 向（某人或听众）讲话（尤指正式地）:The chairman will now address the meeting.现在由主席向与会者讲话.2)write on(a letter,parcel,etc)the name and address of the person,firm,etc that it is to be delivered to（在信件 包裹等上）写收件人或公司等的名字及地
18、址:The card was wrongly addressed to(us at)our old home.那张（给我们的）明信片误写了我们的旧地址.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL30Words of part 1embarrass v.(L13)make(sb.)feel awkward or ashamed 使难堪，使尴尬When I began to sing,he laughed and embarrassed me.I chose my words carefully in order to avoid embarrassing anyone.embarrassi
19、ng adj.embarrassed adj.embarrassment n.be embarrassed by sth.被搞得很尴尬2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL31Sentences of part 1Hes always pulling these dumb things on me.(L21)pull:(sl,esp US)succeed in committing(a crime,esp stealing)or in playing a(trick)on sb 犯下（罪行,尤指盗窃）;对某人耍（花招）more:pull sbs leg 开某人的玩笑（尤指使其信以为真
20、）;耍弄某人pull strings/wires(for sb)(infml 口)凭藉私人关系 间接压力等（为某人）谋取好处;走后门2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL32Sentences of part 1dumb:(infml)foolish,stupid Dont be so dumb.You cant get a loan from the bank if you are laid-off.What a dumb idea!It can also mean:1)unable to speak 哑的哑的 He was born dumb,but he has still m
21、anaged to get a job.2)silent;refusing to speak 沉默的，哑口无言的沉默的，哑口无言的,不愿说不愿说话的话的I was dumb with disbelief.我难以置信,一时竟说不出话来dumb show 哑剧2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL33Words of part 1consist of (L26)be made up of 由组成The book consists of essays written over the last twenty years.The committee consists of scientist
22、s and engineers.consists in=lie in;exist in 在于;等于The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity.存在于consist with=be consistent with 与一致,并存nTheory should consist with practice.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL34Words of part 1fade v.(L75)1)lose color or brightness;cause to lose brightness褪色,褪去;The
23、color in this silk material will not fade.The sun has faded the color of the curtains.Time has faded her beauty.2)disappear slowly逐渐消失His enthusiasm for early-morning exercises faded as the weather was getting colder and colder.They watched the mountains fade into darkness.fade away （从视野中 听力范围中 记忆中等
24、）逐渐消失,变得模糊不清The sound of the cheering faded away in the distance.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL35Words of part 2whatever (L82)1)interrog pron.expressing surprise or bewilderment （究竟是）什么:Whatever would make you think that?(L89)你怎么会知道？2)pron.regardless of what,no matter what 无论什么:Whatever happens(may happen
25、),dont be surprised.Well,whatever it is,dear,dont keep us in suspense.(L82)不管是什么，亲爱的，别卖关子了。Cf:no matter what vs.whatever2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL36Words of part 2no matter what 只能只能引导让步状语从句让步状语从句不可以引导名词性从句。如：No matter what trouble Im in,it is my friend who cheers me up.不管什么时候我不开心了，总是我的朋友使我振奋起来。whatev
26、er既可以引导让步状语从句让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性名词性从句从句。如：Whatever was said here must be kept secret.我们在这儿说的无论什么都必须保密。（名词性从句）The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit，whatever the season is.无论什么季节，这位律师除了一套西装以外很少穿其他衣服。（让步状语从句）2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL37no matter+疑问词疑问词 vs.疑问词疑问词+ever“no matter+疑问词”:无论，不论，引导让步状语让
27、步状语从句从句no matter who/whom/which/what/howYou are always welcome no matter where you are.“疑问词+ever”用于引导让步状语从句让步状语从句时，等同于等同于“no matter+疑问词”She is willing to help you,however(no matter how)busy she is.“疑问词+ever”用途更广，这类词（whatever,whoever,however,wherever,etc.）还可以引导主语从句，宾语主语从句，宾语从句，时间或地点状语从句从句，时间或地点状语从句Yo
28、u can take whichever book you like best.(宾语从句)Cf:No matter which book you like best,you can take it.=Whichever book you like best,you can take it.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL38Words of part 2suspense n.(L82)feeling of tenseness,worry,etc about what may happen;an uncertain state（对可能发生之事的）紧张感,担心,挂虑;悬而未决的状
29、态keep/leave(sb.)in suspense 使产生悬念 1)Dont keep us in suspense any longer;tell us what happened!Trans:观众的悬念到剧终才解开.The audience is kept in suspense to/until the very end of the play.suspend v.suspend v.suspension n.suspension n.悬挂，悬浮悬挂，悬浮;暂停暂停;停职停职2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL39Words of part 2interrupt (L85
30、)v.stop sb.from continuing 打断;中止The knock on the door interrupted me while I was on the phone.Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the war.Im sorry to interrupt you,but youre not really answering my question.Prefix:inter-:betweeninterchange v.交换,轮替international a.国际的2022-7-24by Yao Jie
31、,HUEL40Words of part 2My little son kept _ me whenever I read My little son kept _ me whenever I read newspaper.newspaper.A.interfering B.interruptingA.interfering B.interruptingC.intervening D.interpretingC.intervening D.interpretinginterfere vi.干涉;干预;摆弄;妨碍interfere in/with;intervene vi.（指人）干涉,干预,调
32、停,调解,斡旋 intervene in/between2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL41Words of part 2distract(L91)v.take(sb.s attention)from sth.使某人分心If something distracts you or your attention,it makes you stop concentrating on what you are doing.Tom admits that playing computer games sometimes distracts him from his homework.Pa
33、ttern:distract sb./sth.be distracted by/with distract sb./sth.from sth./doing sthTrans:我明天要考试，别打扰我学习。Antonymous phrases:focus ones attention on sth.concentrate ones mind on sth.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL42Words of part 2monotone n.(L103)(sound in a)way of speaking in which the pitch of the voice remai
34、ns level and unchanging 单调（的声音）to speak in a monotonePrefix：mono-:one,single 表示“一”“单一”monologue 独白monogamy 一夫一妻制monopolize 垄断monotonous 单调的，乏味的2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL43Words of part 2even a.(L104)1)level;smooth;flat 平的;平滑的;平坦的:A billiard-table must be perfectly even.台球桌必须十分平.2)unchanging in quality
35、;regular;steady 均匀的;有规律的;稳定的:an even colour 均匀的颜色even breathing 均匀的呼吸The childs pulse is now even.孩子的脉搏现在稳定了.evenly ad.均匀地,平坦地He divided his time evenly between work and play.他把时间一半花在工作上,一半用于娱乐。2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL44Words of part 2short a.(L124)1)(of a person)speaking sharply and briefly;abrupt（
36、指人）说话尖刻而简短,简单粗暴,唐突无礼:She was rather short with him when he asked for help.他请她帮帮忙,她却不客气地把他顶了回去.Pattern:be with sb.2)(of a remark or sbs manner of speaking)expressed in few words（指言语或说话方式）简短的,唐突无礼的:He gave her a short answer.他给了她一个简短生硬的回答.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL45Words of part 2come over sb.(L152)(a
37、feeling)affect sb.A fit of dizziness came over her.A great sense of calm came over me when I realized that I was no longer responsible for the situation.Trans:他从没有这么粗鲁地对我.他是怎么啦?He has never been so rude to me.Whats come over him?2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL46Words of part 2get sth.over with (L157)(infml
38、 口)complete sth unpleasant but necessary 完成或结束必须做的讨厌事:Shell be glad to get the exam over with.考试结束后她就高兴了.“Get this over with,more likely.”(L138)Paraphrase:I believe it is more likely that she wants to get this over with.还不如说是快把这份罪受完算了。Cf:get over sth.克服;战胜;熬过;恢复It took me a very long time to get ove
39、r the shock of her death.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL47Words of part 2interfere v.(L191)1)take action affecting sb elses affairs without the right to do so or being invited to do so 干涉;介入;干预Dont interfere in matters that do not concern you!Its unwise to interfere between husband and wife.夫妻间的事最好不要管.2)di
40、stract or hinder sb 干扰或妨碍某人 Dont interfere with him while hes working.他工作的时候不要打搅他.Pattern:interfere in/between interfere with interference n.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL48Words of part 3more than(L204)1)+数词,表示“多于”(=over)I know him for more than twenty years.2)+名词/动词,表示“不仅仅是”(=not only;not merely)He is m
41、ore than a father to her.3)+形容词/副词/分词,表示“极其,非常”(=very;extremely)She was more than kind to us.I was more than upset by the accident.Cf:more than vs.more than 2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL49Cf:more than vs.more than morethan 与其说与其说不如说不如说He is more lucky than clever.He is more a writer than a teacher.与其说他是老
42、师,不如说他是作家.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL50Sentences of part 3be that as it may (L204)as“倒装句倒装句”：=although 尽管;即使;虽然Although I am young,I already know what career I want to follow.Young as I am,I already Although I like you very much,I couldnt live with you.Much as I like you,Although he tried,he couldnt op
43、en the door.Try as he did,paraphrase:Although it may be that(way),2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HNUFL502022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL512022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL52Style Analysis 1.Spoken language This text is actually the reproduction of daily conversations between the characters.Therefore,it provides ample examples
44、of how English is spoken in daily life by native speakers.Characteristics of spoken English can usually be found on the level of words and sentence structure.2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL53Style Analysis Words:some words or phrases do not find their way into written English,for example:Yet hes well,hes a
45、lways doing these stupid things that (L9)One time,see,my brother wanted to buy this guitar.(L10)Then he got a job at this fast-food place,OK?Mom and dad were proud of him,and well,OK,hes my big brother(L15)Its his first job,you know.(L31)Now then.(L83)Why just last year,in her last year of junior hi
46、gh school,(L196)2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL54Style Analysis Sentences:In spoken English,sentences tend to be short and simple.Some sentences are incomplete.Eg.:Oh,fine.No problem.(L33)Well,yeah,I suppose so.(L37)Oh,no problem.Im proud of my son.Very,very proud.(L45)My treat,I told him.(L103)At any rate
47、,Dans a nice guy.Never knew him well.Found we have a lot of the same interests.(L122)More reference:p96,writing strategy2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL55Style Analysis 2.Depicting charactersAlthough a playwright cant come forward to tell the audience directly what each character is like,he/she may consult
48、other ways to convey the message.Ways of depicting a character:Choice of wordsTone ActionFacial expression2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL56Style Analysis For example:Mothers speech:dos,donts,pleases,dears,sweethearts real head of the household,giving out commandsFathers action:pulls up the chair for Mother
49、;obeys her commands like“do go on”,“dont keep us in suspense”.respect for MotherDianes facial expression and tone:through clenched teeth,the words are in a monotone and evenly spaced(L91);becoming hysterical(L94)cannot bear Fathers behavior,extremely embarrassed2022-7-24by Yao Jie,HUEL5757Useful wor
50、ds and expressions1.1.舞台前方舞台前方2.2.对观众说话对观众说话 3.3.到头来让人尴尬到头来让人尴尬4.4.当餐厅服务员当餐厅服务员 5.5.为某人感到骄傲为某人感到骄傲 6.6.一致地一致地 7.7.偶尔一次偶尔一次 8.8.围坐在餐桌旁围坐在餐桌旁 9.9.使产生悬念使产生悬念 10.10.传下来传下来 the edge of the stage address the audience end up embarrassing sb.wait tables be proud of sb.in unisononce in a while be seated arou
