1、2021/7/261(最新整理)并列句中的省略现象2021/7/262并列句中的省略现象并列句中的省略现象 Ellipsis in Compound Sentences第38讲2021/7/263 An important grammar figure Avoiding the repeating words Highlighting the key words Making the context connect to each other closelyEllipsisEllipsis2021/7/264 一一 并列结构中的省略现象并列结构中的省略现象Ellipsis in the str
2、ucture of coordination二名词词组中的省略现象二名词词组中的省略现象Ellipsis in the noun group三三.介词词组中的省略现象介词词组中的省略现象Ellipsis in the prepositional phrase 2021/7/2651.1.共同主语共同主语subjectsubject的的省略省略ellipsisellipsis Peter ate a cheese sandwich and(Peter)drank a glass of beer.Mary washed the dishes,(Mary)dried them,and(Mary)pu
3、t them in the cupboard.Ellipsis in the structure of coordination2021/7/2662.2.主语相同，主动词主语相同，主动词main verb也相同，也相同，可省略主语和主动词可省略主语和主动词 His suggestions made John happy,but(his suggestions made)Mary angry.She will work today,and(she)may(work)tomorrow.2021/7/2673.3.主语相同，操作词与主动词及其补足成主语相同，操作词与主动词及其补足成分也相同，状语分
4、也相同，状语adverbial 不同，在省略相同成不同，在省略相同成分时须保留操作词分时须保留操作词 John meet my family tonight and(John)(meet my family)again tomorrow.2021/7/2684.4.主语不同主语不同,谓语动词的操作谓语动词的操作词词Manipulation words相同，可省略后相同，可省略后一个操作词一个操作词 John must have been playing football and Mary(must have been)doing her homework.John should clean t
5、he shed and Peter(should)mow the lawn.2021/7/2695.5.主语不同，主动词及其补主语不同，主动词及其补足成分足成分complementscomplements相同，省略相同，省略主动词及其补足成分主动词及其补足成分 George will take the course and Bob might(take the course)too.John was the winner in 1989,and Bob(was the winner)in 1990.【or】也可省略前一分句中的主动词及其补足成分 George will(take the cou
6、rse),and Bob might,take the course.2021/7/26106.6.主语和谓语动词都不同，宾主语和谓语动词都不同，宾语或主语补语相同，省略第一分语或主语补语相同，省略第一分句中的宾语或主语补语句中的宾语或主语补语 John likes(Mary),and Peter hates,Mary.George was(angry),and Bob certainly seemed,angry.【or】George was angry,and Bob certainly seemed so.2021/7/2611 That man has a gun and has th
7、reatened to use it.Mary did her homework last night,but she did not finish it.7.7.并列句并列句compound sentencecompound sentence中的中的be,have,be,have,do,do,若在一个分句中用作助动词若在一个分句中用作助动词 Auxiliary Verb，而在另一分句作主动词，这种词，而在另一分句作主动词，这种词形相同而词性形相同而词性parts of speech不同的通常不同的通常不可省略不可省略2021/7/2612 Mary was terrified and was
8、 clutching my hand.8.助动词助动词auxiliary 在一个分句中在一个分句中构成被动语态构成被动语态passive voice，而在另一分句中却是构成进行体，而在另一分句中却是构成进行体progressive aspect，这种不同，这种不同功能的助动词功能的助动词be 通常也通常也不可省略不可省略2021/7/2613二二.Ellipsis in the noun group名词词组中的省略现象名词词组中的省略现象2021/7/2614 1.The noun group consist of“determiner+premodifier+noun,if head are
9、 the same,one of the noun group head can be ellipsis.Ex.She wore the red dress,but the blue suits her better.2021/7/2615 2.The head of two coordinating noun group are the same,but premodifier are different,it may be ellipsis the former noun head.Ex.Old(men)and young men were invited.Revolution means
10、 a moral(change)as well as a material change.2021/7/2616 3.但是，在下列名词词组中，按照一般理解，并不存在省略中心词centre word的问题。Ex.Honest and clever students always succeed.I like teaching a studious or hard-working undergraduate.2021/7/2617 4.如果两个并列词词组的中心词相同，而后置定语postpositive attributive不同，也可通过省略而形成两个后置修饰语modifier共一个中心词的现象。
11、Ex.He was workers from Ireland and(workers)from France in his factory.Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as(the mother)of evil.2021/7/2618 5.Ellipsis head of the noun group not just in the coordinating relation,other relation also can ellipsis head.This mainly in independence.Ex.At her mo
12、thers she passed many a happy day.The season is now at its loveliest.2021/7/2619Ellipsis in the prepositional phrase 三三.介词词组中的省略现象介词词组中的省略现象2021/7/2620 1.If there are two or more parallel prepositional phrases,and the prepositions is different,and the noun group is the same as prepositions supplemen
13、t ingredients,we usually reserve the prepositions and supplement ingredients of the last prepositional phrase,and omit the other.2021/7/2621 Ex.Bob is bored with(music),but Peter is interested in,music.Advice is like snow:The softer it falls,the longer it dwells upon(the mind),and the deeper it sink
14、s into the mind.2021/7/2622 Shall I write my name on(the line),above(the line)or below the line?A government of and by and for the exploiting class cannot possibly survive.2021/7/2623 2.If the prepositions and supplement ingredients are all the same,we usually omit the first preposition and its supplement ingredients.Ex.I have heard(about)and read about your adventures.2021/7/2624
