1、Lesson 53Hot snakeRevision lesson 52 move into get a big surprise get/put in order gaze at to make matters worse for some time at the moment in ones spare time every inch 搬进搬进 大吃一惊大吃一惊 整理好整理好/收拾整齐收拾整齐 盯着看盯着看 更糟糕的是更糟糕的是 一段时间一段时间/有一会儿有一会儿 目前,此刻目前,此刻 某人空闲的时候某人空闲的时候 彻底,每一英寸彻底,每一英寸单词学习单词学习 hot fireman ca
2、use examine accidentally remains wind wire volt power line solve mystery snatch spark adj.带电的,通电的带电的,通电的n.消防队员消防队员v.引起;引起;n.原因原因v.检查检查adv.意外地,偶然地意外地,偶然地n.尸体,残骸尸体,残骸v.缠绕缠绕n.电线电线n.伏特(电压单位)伏特(电压单位)电力线电力线v.解决解决n.谜谜v.抓住抓住n.电火花电火花Revision lesson 53 趁热打铁.Strike while the iron is hot.棘手或讨厌的事物或情况 a hot potat
3、o 木已成舟 Whats done is done.n.消防栓 hydrant haidrnt 灭火器 fire extinguisher Revision lesson 53 力所不能及 not within ones power=beyond ones power 电力 electric power 发电厂/发电站 power plant/station 解开谜团 solve a mysteryRevision lesson 53 Put out a big forest fire Since then Find out/discover Broken glass Cigarette en
4、ds Throw away/at/to Examine/check Start/cause the fire accidentally/by chance/by accidentRevision lesson 53 The remains of The cause of The reason for Wind round Wind ones way Power line In this way Snatch uphot adj 1)热的,炎热的)热的,炎热的 Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁趁热打铁.hot 炎热的炎热的 warm 温暖的温暖的 cool 凉爽
5、的凉爽的 chilly 寒冷的寒冷的 cold 寒冷的寒冷的,严寒的严寒的 2)(调味品调味品)辣的辣的 Pepper and mustard are hot.辣椒和芥末是辣的辣椒和芥末是辣的.3)强烈的)强烈的,激烈的激烈的,热烈的热烈的.have a hot temper 脾气暴躁脾气暴躁 a hot potato 棘手或讨厌的事物或情况棘手或讨厌的事物或情况 hot adj.热的;新鲜的;棘手的;带电的热的;新鲜的;棘手的;带电的,充电充电的的 hot-hot-hot 麻辣烫;麻辣烫;hot-wings 辣鸡翅;辣鸡翅;hot dog 热狗热狗 hot-tempered 火暴火暴(脾气脾
6、气)的的 hot line 热线;热线;hot topic 热门话题热门话题 hot news 最热点的新闻最热点的新闻 hot cake 热蛋糕热蛋糕 It sells like a hot cake/cakes.表示一个东西的畅表示一个东西的畅销销,热销热销 best seller 畅销的东西畅销的东西fireman n 消防队员消防队员 hydrant haidrnt n.消防栓消防栓 fire extinguisher 灭火器灭火器 Extinguish put out 灭火灭火cause 1)V.引起引起 cause sth:引起(麻烦)引起(麻烦)粗心导致事故粗心导致事故 Care
7、lessness causes accidents.骄傲使人失败骄傲使人失败 Pride causes failure cause sb to do sth 引起某人做某事引起某人做某事,导致某人做某事导致某人做某事 2)n.原因原因 cause:强调事情发生的直接原因强调事情发生的直接原因(一个一个)reason:其他各种的理由其他各种的理由(很多个很多个)The cause of sth 的起因的起因The reason for sth 的理由的理由Now you try Cause/reason 1.A man can _ but an animal cant.2.The earthqu
8、ake _ great damage.3.It is difficult to relate _ and effect in this case.4.One _ was that he had a sense of humor and could take a joke at his own expense.5.What was the _ of the delay?1.reason 2.caused 3.cause 4.reason 5.reason/cause examine 1)v.仔细观察仔细观察,检查检查,调查调查 消防队员检查了森林的每一寸土地。消防队员检查了森林的每一寸土地。(彻
9、底检查彻底检查)The firefighters examined every inch of the forest.2)v.诊查诊查:医生仔细的诊察了病人。医生仔细的诊察了病人。The doctor examined his patient carefully.3)v.考试考试,测试测试 examine students in English n.exam 考试考试=examination accidentally adv.意外地意外地,偶然地偶然地 adj.accidental 意外的意外的,偶然的偶然的 反义词反义词 intentional 意外死亡意外死亡 an accidental
10、death accident n.事故事故,意外意外 a car accident accidentally=by chance=by accident 我偶然间发现了金矿我偶然间发现了金矿 I found a gold mine by accident.remains 1)n.剩余物剩余物,残余物残余物 残汤剩饭残汤剩饭 the remains of a meal 2)n.(古建筑等物古建筑等物)遗址遗址,废墟废墟 圆明园遗址圆明园遗址 the remains of Yuanmingyuan 3)n.遗体遗体,遗骸遗骸 dead body 毛主席的遗体被保存在水晶棺材里。毛主席的遗体被保存在
11、水晶棺材里。The remains of Chairman Mao were kept well in a crystal coffin.remain 1)v.留下留下,剩下剩下,遗留遗留 大火之后,我的房子里什么也没剩下。大火之后,我的房子里什么也没剩下。After the fire,nothing remained in my house.要做的事还很多。要做的事还很多。Much remains to be done.Whats done is done.木已成舟木已成舟 2)v.仍是仍是,保持不变保持不变 他保持沉默。他保持沉默。He remained silent.wire n.金属线
12、,电线金属线,电线 他用一根金属线把筐绑到了自行车上。他用一根金属线把筐绑到了自行车上。He tied a basket to the bicycle with a piece of wire.telephone wires 电话线电话线 Electric wires 电线电线 wireless adj.无线的无线的 wireless telegraph 无线电报无线电报volt n.伏特伏特 voltage n.电压电压,伏特数伏特数 power 1)电力,动力)电力,动力 electric power 电力电力/water power 水力水力 2)力)力,能力能力(自然的体力、智力)(自
13、然的体力、智力)His power is failing.他的体力在衰退。他的体力在衰退。3)权力)权力,支配力支配力,势力势力 political power 政治权力政治权力 not within ones power=beyond ones power 力所不能及力所不能及 我无法理解计算机是如何工作的。我无法理解计算机是如何工作的。It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works.solve v.解决解决,解答解答,回答回答=work out 解决问题解决问题 solve a problem 解开谜团解开谜团 solv
14、e a mystery n.solution 解决解决,解答解答 花费了很长时间才找出解决方法。花费了很长时间才找出解决方法。It took a long time to find the solution.snatch 1)v.抢抢,夺夺,掠取掠取 贼把她的包抓起来逃跑了。贼把她的包抓起来逃跑了。The thief snatched her bag and ran away.在他妈妈刚要看那张纸的时候,他把它夺走了。在他妈妈刚要看那张纸的时候,他把它夺走了。He snatched the paper as his mother was about to see it.snatch up 抓起
15、来抓起来 2)v.(趁机趁机)迅速取得迅速取得,急急忙忙吃完饭急急忙忙吃完饭 他出其不意他出其不意,吻了她一下。吻了她一下。He snatched a kiss from her.辨析辨析 snatch 迅速而有力迅速而有力(粗鲁地粗鲁地)抓住抓住,抢抢,强调动强调动 作的突然性作的突然性 snatch a chance grab 抓抓,抢抢,抢夺抢夺,抓住抓住(热切而拼命地热切而拼命地)grab sth from sb/grab sth from sth grasp 1)抓住或咬住抓住或咬住,抓紧抓紧 grasp a chance 抓住机会抓住机会 2)掌握掌握 grasp a langua
16、ge hold 抓住抓住,握住握住,托住托住 Seize 抓住(用力)抓住(用力)seize my arm课文讲解课文讲解 At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then,they have been trying to find out how the fire began.Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.Yesterday t
17、he firemen examined the ground carefully,but were not able to find any broken glass.They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.This morning,however,a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 1
18、6,000-volt power line.In this way,he was able to solve the mystery.The explanation was simple but very unusual.A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.The snake then wound itself round the wires.When it did so,it sent sparks down to the ground and these i
19、mmediately started a fire.【课文讲解课文讲解】1、Hot snake hot snake 触电的蛇触电的蛇 get an electric shock 触电触电 1.At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.at last 最后,终于,过程很艰难。最后,终于,过程很艰难。他们终于翻过了这座大山。他们终于翻过了这座大山。At last they climbed over the mountain California=Golden State 黄金州黄金州 put out 扑灭,熄灭,关掉扑
20、灭,熄灭,关掉 请把灯关掉。请把灯关掉。Please put the light out.Make a fire 生火生火 Start a fire 引起火灾引起火灾 2.Since then,they have been trying to find out how the fire began.since then 从那时起,到现在为止从那时起,到现在为止 find out (经过研究、努力等)找出,发现,查出(经过研究、努力等)找出,发现,查出 我会试着查出昨天救了我的人的名字。我会试着查出昨天救了我的人的名字。Ill try and find out the name of the p
21、erson who saved my life yesterday.3.Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.broken glass 被打碎的玻璃片被打碎的玻璃片 cigarette ends 烟头烟头 Throw away 扔掉,丢弃扔掉,丢弃 Throw about 随处扔随处扔 Throw at 扔向(有目标性)扔向(有目标性)Throw to 扔向(无目标性)扔向(无目标性)4.Yesterday the firemen
22、 examined the ground carefully,but were not able to find any broken glass.be able to 能够能够;be not able to 没有能够没有能够 5.They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.be sure that 对对很有把握;很有把握;quite sure 相当的把握性相当的把握性 rather adv.相当相当 fairly adv.相当相当,公正地公正地,诚实地诚实地 quite(completely)ra
23、therfairly 程度一个比一个轻程度一个比一个轻 quite a few 颇有几个颇有几个(相当多的相当多的)start a firecause a fire start vt.使使发生,引起发生,引起 6.This morning,however,a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.However与与but区别:区别:However要接逗号,再加句子。要接逗号,再加句子。But直接与句子相连。直接与句子相连。accidentally=by chance 偶然地偶然地 discover 偶然发现(某个已经存在的东西)偶然发现(某个已经存
24、在的东西)Invent 发明(以前没有的东西)发明(以前没有的东西)我不知道谁发现的美洲。我不知道谁发现的美洲。I dont know who discovered America.你知道起火原因吗?你知道起火原因吗?Do you know the cause of the fire?7.He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.notice 注意别人没注意的东西注意别人没注意的东西 the remains表示表示“尸体,残骸尸体,
25、残骸”,必须用复数,必须用复数形式形式 村民们很惊奇的看到在湖的旁边有一架飞机村民们很惊奇的看到在湖的旁边有一架飞机的残骸。的残骸。The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake.Power line 电力线电力线;输电线输电线;电源线电源线electric wirewind vt.1)vt.缠绕,卷在缠绕,卷在上(常与上(常与around/round连用)连用)你介意我把这段电线缠在树上吗?你介意我把这段电线缠在树上吗?Did you mind me winding this piec
26、e of wire round the tree?2)vt.蜿蜒,盘旋蜿蜒,盘旋 一条小径沿著山谷蜿蜒而上。一条小径沿著山谷蜿蜒而上。A path wound up the valley.wind ones way 蜿蜒、迂回而行蜿蜒、迂回而行 他们在狭窄的山谷中迂回前进他们在狭窄的山谷中迂回前进 They wound their way through the narrow valley.3)转动(把手等),拧紧)转动(把手等),拧紧 wind up ones watch 上紧某人手表的发条上紧某人手表的发条 把把(车子的车子的)窗子摇下窗子摇下 wind down a window 8.I
27、n this way,he was able to solve the mystery.in this way 就这样就这样 9.The explanation was simple but very unusual.A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.snatched up sth from the ground从地上抓起来从地上抓起来 drop vt&vi.无意掉下去的无意掉下去的,使落下使落下,使掉落使掉落 她把花瓶掉到了地板上。她把花瓶掉到了地板上。Sh
28、e dropped the vase on the floor.茶壶从她手里掉了出来。茶壶从她手里掉了出来。The teapot dropped out of her hand。fall vi.落下,(雨、雪)下,降,跌倒,摔倒落下,(雨、雪)下,降,跌倒,摔倒强调的是掉下来的概念强调的是掉下来的概念,动作动作 我跌倒了,伤到了我自己。我跌倒了,伤到了我自己。I fell and hurt myself.当秋天叶落的时候,我就会回来。当秋天叶落的时候,我就会回来。When leaves fall in autumn,Ill come back.他从楼梯上摔下来,把他的腿摔断了。他从楼梯上摔下来
29、,把他的腿摔断了。He fell down the stairs and broke his leg.书从桌子上掉到了地上。书从桌子上掉到了地上。The book fell from the table to the floor。10.The snake then wound itself round the wires.When it did so,it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.do so 这么做这么做 I refuse to do so.我拒绝这么做我拒绝这么做 so常用于一些动
30、词之后,代指前面提过的某个常用于一些动词之后,代指前面提过的某个动作动作/某件事,以免重复某件事,以免重复 我也这样认为。我也这样认为。I think/believe so.start a fire=cause a fire 引起一场大火引起一场大火【Summary writing】1 Have firemen put out a big forest fire in California or not?Have they been trying to discover its cause?(Now that.)2 Was there any evidence that it was star
31、ted by broken glass or by a cigarette end or not?3.Who has just solved the mystery?(however)4.What did he notice?Had it been dropped by a bird on to the electric wires or not?(which)5 Where did the snake wind itself?What had it sent to the ground?Did this cause the fire or not?(In winding.and)【Key s
32、tructures】一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时 一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用,现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用,现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用,有时不需要时间状语,用,有时不需要时间状语,而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间的状语而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用,有时与连用,有时与all+表示时间的名词连用。现在完成表示时间的名词连用。现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词(表示存在、时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词(表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的
33、动词)也可以用行拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词)也可以用行为动词,为动词,现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。【Special Difficulties】Throw to,Throw at and Throw away throw作及物动词主要含义为作及物动词主要含义为“投,掷,抛,投,掷,抛,扔扔”。throw to(sb.)扔给(某人)扔给(某人)He threw the ball to me and I caught it.throw at 对准某一目标扔对准某一目标扔 The boy threw a stone at the window and b
34、roke it.throw away 扔掉,丢弃扔掉,丢弃 Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.Cause and Reason cause n.原因,起因;原因,起因;Do you know the cause of the war?v.使使产生产生/发生,引起发生,引起 cause sth.导致导致,引引起起 What caused the accident?Cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事导致某人做某事 reason n.理由,原因理由,原因 Give me your reasons for going t
35、here.What was the reason for the delay?作作“原因原因”讲时,讲时,reason与与cause可以互换,可以互换,但但reason与介词与介词for连用连用;而而cause则与介词则与介词of连连用用。reason后面通常跟后面通常跟why引导的从句引导的从句:That was the reason why the meeting was put off.v.推理,劝导,说服推理,劝导,说服 reason with sb.劝说劝说(以以道理道理)How can you reason with him when he is so worried?Drop a
36、nd Fall drop vi.&vt.(使)掉下,(使)落下,(使)掉下,(使)落下,放下(强调的是不小心掉下来)放下(强调的是不小心掉下来)As he walked past the tree,an apple dropped from it.The waiter dropped a fork.fall vi.落下,(雨、雪)下,降,跌倒,落下,(雨、雪)下,降,跌倒,摔倒(强调的是掉下来的概念摔倒(强调的是掉下来的概念,动作)动作)I fell and hurt myself.When leaves fall in autumn,Ill come back.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时
37、构成:构成:have/has been+doing 含义:含义:1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。动作,并且还将持续下去。2)表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的)表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。动作。与现在完成时的区别与现在完成时的区别 I have been writing a book.我一直在写一本书。我一直在写一本书。(动作还将继续下去)(动作还将继续下去)I have written a book.我已经写了一本书。我已经写了一本书。(动作已经完成)(动作已经完成)与现在完成时的联系与现在完成时的联系 They
38、have been living in this city for ten years.They have lived in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经住了他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。年了。I have been working here for five years.I have worked here for five years.我在这里已经工作五年了。我在这里已经工作五年了。和现在完成时态连用的时间状语主要有和现在完成时态连用的时间状语主要有以下三种:以下三种:1句中出现句中出现just,never,ever,already,yet,late
39、ly,recently,before,these years/months/days等词时。等词时。2句中出现句中出现“for+时间段时间段”或或since+时间点时间点或或since引导的时间状语从句(一般多为过去引导的时间状语从句(一般多为过去时)。时)。3句中出现句中出现up to now(直到现在),(直到现在),so far(到目前为止),(到目前为止),since then,in the past/last+表示一段时间的词语时。表示一段时间的词语时。二、现在完成进行时由二、现在完成进行时由“助动词助动词have/has+been+动词动词的现在分词的现在分词”构成,即构成,即ha
40、ve/has been doing,其否定形式,其否定形式是在是在have/has后面加后面加not,一般疑问句把,一般疑问句把have/has提到句提到句首即可。首即可。1表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行的动表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行的动作,可能还会继续进行下去,它通常和作,可能还会继续进行下去,它通常和“for+时间段时间段”或或“since+时间点时间点/从句从句”连用。连用。2表示从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话的时刻,刚刚表示从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话的时刻,刚刚结束的动作,在某种情况下与现在有关联。结束的动作,在某种情况下与现在有关联。【注意注意】1)有
41、些不能用于现在进行时的动词(如)有些不能用于现在进行时的动词(如be,have,like,love,know,see,hear等),同样也不能用等),同样也不能用于现在完成进行时,而应使用现在完成时。于现在完成进行时,而应使用现在完成时。2)表示短暂动作的动词(如)表示短暂动作的动词(如finish,marry,come,go等)等)不能用于现在完成进行时。不能用于现在完成进行时。时态对比:时态对比:1现在完成进行时与现在进行现在完成进行时与现在进行时比较:时比较:现在完成进行时强调某一动作从过去一直现在完成进行时强调某一动作从过去一直延续到现在,而现在进行时只指目前正在延续到现在,而现在进行
42、时只指目前正在发生的动作。发生的动作。Susan has been reading that storybook since last night.Susan is reading a storybook now.2现在完成进行时与现在完成时比较:现在完成现在完成进行时与现在完成时比较:现在完成进行时和现在完成时都表示动作从过去开始,但进行时和现在完成时都表示动作从过去开始,但是现在完成时表示动作刚结束,而现在完成进行是现在完成时表示动作刚结束,而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续。时则强调动作仍在继续。They have been repairing the broken road.他们一他们
43、一直在维修那条被损坏的道路。(动作仍在继续)直在维修那条被损坏的道路。(动作仍在继续)They have already repaired the broken road.他们把他们把那条被损坏的路修好了。(动作已经结束)那条被损坏的路修好了。(动作已经结束)3现在完成进行时通常与现在完成进行时通常与all morning/afternoon/day或或the whole day等连用,等连用,never,yet,already和和ever等词可用于现在完成时,不能用于现等词可用于现在完成时,不能用于现在完成进行时。在完成进行时。4现在完成进行时表示一种不间断的持续性行现在完成进行时表示一种不
44、间断的持续性行为,提问时用为,提问时用how long;如果表示动作反复发生;如果表示动作反复发生用现在完成时,提问时用用现在完成时,提问时用how many times。How long have you been writing this letter?Ive been writing it for two hours.How many times have you written to him?Ive written to him three times,but I havent heard from him up till now.1 Now that fireman have put
45、 out a big forest fire in California,they have been trying to discover its cause.now that 既然既然 2 evidence n.证据证据 区分同位语区分同位语从句与定语从句地区别:如果从句与定语从句地区别:如果that做了主语或者做了主语或者宾语宾语,是定语从句;如果是定语从句;如果that既不作主语也不作宾既不作主语也不作宾语语,是同位语从句是同位语从句 fact,evidence 的后面往往是加的后面往往是加同为语从句同为语从句 5(In)winding itself around the wires the snake had sent sparks to the ground and it caused the fire.介介词词“in”“on”放在动词放在动词“-ing”前面的理解方式和没前面的理解方式和没有有“in”“on”的理解方式一样的理解方式一样