1、Body LanguageUnit 4Discover useful structuresThe-ing form(4)as the object and the predicative动词动词ing形式作形式作宾语和表语宾语和表语To learn the-ing form as the object and predicativeTo apply the-ing form as the object and predicative in the context related to body language.1._(吃太多)is bad for your health.2._(谈话)is
2、easier than doing.3.Its a waste of time _(argue)about it.4.My sisters _(生病)made we worried.Eating too muchTalkingarguingbeing ill v+ing as subjectDescribe the picture.1.It seems that Swedes dont like _.2.In the Middle East,Arabs favour _ when they meet each other.3.In China,people are used to _ to s
3、how respect.sitting next to othersttouching nosespassing something with two handsLook at the examples,pay attention to the blue ones and find more in the text.1.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.2.However，you should avoid making this gest
4、ure in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.3.Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else.Observe and discover感悟规律 重点难点剖析语法感知4.A good way of saying“I am full”is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.5.P
5、erhaps the best example is smiling.6.Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.1.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.2.However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as
6、it is not considered polite.3.Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else.4.A good way of saying“I am full”is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.5.Perhaps the best example is smiling.6.Experts suggest smiling at
7、yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.V-ing as object宾语宾语:_；V-ing as predicative表语表语：_2、3、61、4、5表语是指说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或从句，表语常由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、副词来充当，它常位于be动词、系动词之后。6.Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.V-ing a
8、s object 宾语2.However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.Verb+Noun:Verb+Preposition:making this gesturesmiling at yourself具有具有Verb和和 Noun的特征的特征动词-ing形式在动词或介词后作宾语，相当于一个名词或短语。1.The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate t
9、o the culture you are in.5.Perhaps the best example is smiling.4.A good way of saying“I am full”is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.V-ing as predicativeVerb+Noun:using body language具有具有Verb、Noun和和Adj.的特征的特征eg.The news is encouraging.相当于相当于adj.动词-ing形式作表语，相当于形容词，说明主语的性质或特征，也
10、可以表习惯性动作。语法精析一、一、v.-ing作宾语的用法作宾语的用法1.牢记下列用牢记下列用v.-ing形式作形式作宾语宾语的的动词动词：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考虑考虑)，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，imagine，mind，practise，risk，suggest，miss，finish，keep等。等。The student admitted being careless in doing homework.She imagined walking into the office and telling everyon
11、e what she thought of them.He escaped being killed in the blast because he had not gone to work.2.只能接只能接v.-ing形式作宾语的形式作宾语的动词短语动词短语有：有：cant help，insist on，end up，feel like，succeed in，prevent/stop/keep.from.，devote.to，They insisted on visiting that museum the next week.I didnt succeed in making myself
12、 understood by him.I have been looking forward to seeing you.look forward to，pay attention to，be accustomed to，be used to，get down to，stick to，lead to，object to等。等。3.有些动词和动词有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含宾语皆可，但含义不同。义不同。动词动词宾语的形式宾语的形式意义意义forgetto do忘记做忘记做doing忘记做过忘记做过rememberto do记着要去做记着要去
13、做doing记得做过记得做过regretto do遗憾遗憾/抱歉要做抱歉要做doing后悔做了后悔做了tryto do尽力做尽力做doing尝试做尝试做meanto do打算做打算做doing意味着意味着stopto do停下来去做停下来去做(另外一件事另外一件事)doing停止做停止做(同一件事同一件事)go onto do接着做接着做(另外一件事另外一件事)doing接着做接着做(同一件事同一件事)Ive always regretted making friends with him.I regret to say that I cant attend your party.I trie
14、d sending her flowers but it didnt have any effect.We must try to get everything done in time.很遗憾的告诉你，我不能参加你的聚会了。很遗憾的告诉你，我不能参加你的聚会了。我一直后悔和他交了朋友。我一直后悔和他交了朋友。4.动词动词need，require，want，deserve意为意为“需需要要”“”“值得值得”时，后跟时，后跟ing形式表示被动意义，形式表示被动意义，相相当于不定式的被动形式。当于不定式的被动形式。needwantrequiredeserve doing=needwantrequi
15、redeserve to be doneThe problem requires dealing with/to be dealt with immediately.这个这个问题要马上处理。问题要马上处理。The building wants rewiring/to be rewired.5.在在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟动名后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permitsb.to do(宾语补宾语补足语足语)”形式。形式。Our teacher does no
16、t allow cheating to go unpunished.He did not allow himself to be too upset by the news.They dont permit scratching paint off the wall.他们不许人家刮掉墙上的油漆。他们不许人家刮掉墙上的油漆。Her mother doesnt permit her to stay away at night.她她母亲不允许她在外过夜。母亲不允许她在外过夜。在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词(短语)构成真正的宾语Sb+think consider find feel like+it+u
17、seless no use no goodA waste of timeworthwhile+V-ing I found it useless(no use)_.arguing about itDo you consider it any good _?trying again作表语的动词作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在形式包括现在分词分词和和动名词动名词。1.v-ing作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、说明主语的性质、特征等。特征等。常见的有：常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring
18、，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing.这类分词有这类分词有“令人令人的的”的含义，的含义，常常修饰物修饰物。The argument is very convincing.这个论点很令人信服这个论点很令人信服。Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。二、二、v.-ing作表语的用法作表语的用法2.动名词作表语多表示动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明的动作，一般说明主语的内容。主语的内容。Her
19、job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.她她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。比较：比较：to do 也可作表语，但不定式通常也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作。的、具体的、将要发生的动作。My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工作我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工
20、作。返 回三、动名词的复合结构三、动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构有四种形式：动名词的复合结构有四种形式：(1)形容词性物主代词动名词；形容词性物主代词动名词；(2)名词名词s动名词；动名词；(3)代词宾格动名词；代词宾格动名词；(4)名词动名词。名词动名词。What made all of us worried was his/Jacks not getting to the station on time.他他/杰克没有准时到车站让我们所有人都很担心。杰克没有准时到车站让我们所有人都很担心。Do you mind my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now?你介意我你介意我/
21、杰克现在离开吗？杰克现在离开吗？Complete the sentences using the-ing form and state their functions.1.Bills job is _ sign language.2.The theme of his presentation is _ barriers between groups.3.By _,we mean bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect or shame.teachingamuse,teach,break down,call on,bow,get
22、 through,assessbreaking downbowingExercise on P414._ three kilometres of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.5.We intended to visit the theme park but ended up _ Professor Zhang.amuse,teach,break down,call on,bow,get through,assessGetting throughcalling onComplete the passage with the correct fo
23、rms of the words and phrases.Reading body language is not an easy task.It can be _ because interpreting the signs that another person shows requires _.In this sense,it can be compared to a doctor _.challenginglie,challenge,consider individual differences,maintain,consider the whole picture,evaluate
24、a patients conditionevaluating a patients conditionconsidering the whole picture_ is also key to reading peoples body language accurately.For example,when _,some people avoid eye contact.By contrast,others may _ eye contact even longer than usual.lyingmaintainlie,challenge,consider individual differ
25、ences,maintain,consider the whole picture,evaluate a patients conditionConsidering individual differencesTalk about the body language you can read from the following pictures.Use at least one-ing form for each picture.The man is trying on his new clothes.It seems that he is quite satisfied with them because he is smiling at himself in the mirror.It seems that the lady is in a hurry because she keeps looking at her watch and is thinking about something.The boy is afraid of the barking dog.1.Review grammar.2.Do exercises on grammar in the workbook.
