1、单词课堂版本：新译林版本：新译林 单元：必修三单元：必修三 Unit 4(Grammar and usage Integrated skills)本单元词汇梳理1.bacteria：bacterium的复数形式2.surround：词块：surround sb/sth with/by sth,surround oneself with sb/sth 派生词：surrounding,surroundings3.indicate：in(towards 向、对着)+dic(to say 说)+-ate(动词后缀)对着人说 指示 一词多义：基本义“指示；指出”，此时是正式用语，对应 point at/
2、out 派生词：indication4.accident：ac-(to 朝向)+cid(to fall 落下)+-ent 突然落向人身上的事 意外、事故 词块：by accident；派生词：accidental,accidentally5.intelligent：逆生法来自intelligence 近义词：clever,brilliant,bright(intelligent更强调“有才智的”)6.favour：词块：do sb a favour,ask sb a favour,show favour to sb,win sbs favour,in favour of,in sbs favo
3、ur 派生词：favourable7.lightning：词块：a flash of lightning8.electricity：词块：cut off electricity,make/produce/generate electricity,turn on/off electricity9.theory：词块：in theory 10.thunderstorm：合成词 thunder(雷)+storm(暴风雨)11.charge：一词多义：词源义和基本义是“负荷”词块：charge for sth,charge sb(for)sth,charge sb with(doing)sth,in
4、charge of,take charge of,free of charge 派生词：charger12.electric：词族：electric,electrical,electrically,electrician,electricity13.bang：拟声词；词块：with a bang(=very successfully)14.standout：stand(v 站)+out(出来)站出来的 突出的surround一词多义一词多义indicate一词多义一词多义重难点词精讲accident搭配义搭配义charge一词多义一词多义熟词生义熟词生义搭配义搭配义favour辨析义辨析义隐喻
5、看图猜词surround围绕 包围；环绕；围困：To some,happiness is being surrounded by familyand friends.Surround yourself with uplifting individuals whochallenge you to be better.2016 浙江 与紧密相关：some issues surrounding alcohol abusesurround vt【词汇拓展】surrounding adj 只用于名词前 周围的(nearby)：the surrounding scenerysurroundings n 用
6、复数 周围的事物；环境 everything that is near or around you(environment)：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.in(towards 向、对着)+dic(to say 说)+-ate(动词后缀)对着人说 指示indicate vt 正式用语 指示；指出 to direct sbs attention to sb/sth,especially by pointing：The arrow on a sign indicates the way to go.表明；显示 to
7、show that sth is probably true or exists：The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime.示意；暗示 to say or do sth to make your wishes,intentions etc.clear：In his letter,he indicated his willingness to cooperate.He smiles and nods,indicating that everything is fine.indication n C&U 迹象；表示；标示基
8、本义accidentYou never know which will come first,tomorrow or accident.明天和意外，你永远不知道哪个先来。accident n C 事故：事故：avoid/meet/cause an accident He was killed in a car accident.Ken had an accident at work and had to go to hospital.C&U 偶然的事；意外的事偶然的事；意外的事 sth that happens unexpectedly and is not planned in advanc
9、e：The discovery was a happy accident.词源解读：词源解读：ac-(to 朝向)+cid(to fall 落下)+-ent 突然落向人身上的事 意外、事故by accident 偶然地；意外地偶然地；意外地 反反 on purpose：Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park,I met an old neighbour by accident.accidental adj 意外的；偶然的意外的；偶然的 accidentally adv 意外地；偶然地意外地；偶然地 (by mista
10、ke)：I stepped on a young mans foot accidentally.2009 江西书面表达 accident,event 辨析辨析accident 多指偶然或意外发生的不幸的事情。a traffic accident event 尤指历史上的重大事件，还可以表示国际、国内的大事以及体育比赛项目。the chief events of 2021 The 800 metres is not his best event.favour翻译句子：我遇到了一些麻烦。你能帮我个忙吗?I have some trouble.Could you help me?高级表达：do me
11、 a favour C 恩惠；善意行为：Can you do me a favour and tell Kelly Im here?Can I ask you a favour?Do yourself a favour(=do sth good for yourself)and make sure you get some time to yourself.U 好感；喜爱：Of the two ways of sharing books,the latter wins my favour.2015 重庆书面表达改A mother must not show favour to one chil
12、d more than another.指具体行为favour n 指情感 U 赞同；支持：in favour of Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready.in sbs favour We voted for the monitor,and the result was 28 to 15 in Wang Hongs favor.指态度favour v 较喜欢 to prefer sb/sth to another；有利于：Fortune favours the bold/brave.favo(
13、u)rable adj 赞成的；有利的；讨人喜欢的维吉尔（Virgil，公元前7070年公元前1919年），是奥古斯都时代的古罗马诗人，其 作 品 有 牧 歌 集（Eclogues）、农事诗（Georgics）、史诗埃涅阿斯纪（Aeneid）三部杰作。埃涅阿斯纪（Aeneid）charge根据词源可知，charge名词的词源义是“负荷”，在此基础上衍生出各层释义。charge和car（车）同源，来自拉丁语carrus（一种两轮货车，即装载货物的车），由这个拉丁语衍生而来的单词都跟“装载、承载”有关，比如cargo（货物），carriage（马车；客车车厢），carry（携带；搬运），caree
14、r（职业）以及charge。词源解读词源解读 U 主管；负责：主管；负责：in charge(of sth):Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please?2009 全国 in/under sbs charge:The files were left in your charge.take charge of:Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?2010 安徽 charge n C&U 费用；价钱：费用；价钱：Deli
15、very is free of charge.C 指控；罪名：指控；罪名：She was arrested on the charge of theft.Police dropped the charges against him because of insufficient evidence.C&U 电荷；电量：电荷；电量：on charge a positive/negative charge vt&vi（向（向）收费；开价：）收费；开价：charge(sb/sth)for sth:I wonder how much you charge for your services.2009 安
16、徽 charge sb sth(for sth):The restaurant only charged me$40(for wine).charge v vt 指控；控告：指控；控告：charge sb with(doing)sth:She is charged with murdering her husband.vt&vi（给（给）充电：充电：He had forgotten to charge his phone.charger n C 充电器充电器 vi&vt（向向）冲；进攻：冲；进攻：When lions are hiding for an attack by a water ho
17、le,they wait patiently and can charge at any second.负荷负荷（基本义）（基本义）charge罪名的罪名的负荷负荷金钱的金钱的负荷负荷责任的责任的负荷负荷 负责负责 费用费用 指控指控电荷的电荷的负荷负荷 电量电量charge语义网络图语义网络图n（向（向）收费；开价收费；开价 指控；控告指控；控告（给（给）充电）充电（向（向）冲；进攻冲；进攻v单词单词 基本义基本义比喻义比喻义broad宽广的宽广的_speed up加快加快_surround包围包围_广泛的广泛的加速加速 /加快加快喜欢结交（某类人）喜欢结交（某类人）本单元典型隐喻词本单元典
18、型隐喻词本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.2016 浙江2.Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park,I met an old neighbour by accident.3.Can you do me a favour and tell Kelly Im here?4.Can I ask you a favour?5.Delivery is free of charge
19、.随堂检随堂检测测一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Some light showers have been forecast（预报）since last month,but all of them have been effective in _(surround)areas.（2017 全国）2.I walk in the door and see a brown sofa _(surround)a low glass-top wooden table.（2013 四川）3.When I headed toward the center,I found myself
20、 _(surround)by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe.（2009 重庆）4.Bill Gates has historically surrounded himself _ smart people,and hes famously thirsty for knowledge.surroundingsurroundingsurroundedwithsurround二、根据所给提示，翻译下列句子。1.湖边树木环绕。（被动句）_2.我很快适应了新的环境。_3.要和积极向上的人在一起，他们会激励你做得更好。（2016 浙江）（
21、who引导的定语从句）_The lake is surrounded by trees.I soon got used to my new surroundings.Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better.写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast._2.She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us._3.Ra
22、lph patted the sofa to indicate that she should join him._4.Kingston-upon-Thames,as the name indicates,is situated on the banks of the Thames._indicate表明指出示意正如其名称所示根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.His left knee was hurt in _（一场交通事故）.2.The train _（出了事故）and many passengers were injured.3.The
23、baby knocked the vase off _（意外地）.4.Meeting you was the most _（美丽的意外）in my life.a traffic accidentaccidenthad an accident by accidentbeautiful accident 根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。1.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother _（支持）it.(n)2.The exchange rate is _（对我们有利）at the moment.3._（请帮我个忙）invite my f
24、riend Mr Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.（2009 湖南）4.Both countries seem to _（支持这项协议）.(v)favourPlease do me a favour favour the agreement was in favour of in our favour 一、在横线上写出画线词的汉语释义。_ 1.Admission（门票）is at normal charges and you dont need to book.（2015 全国）_ 2.I agree to his suggestion on th
25、e condition that he drops all charges.（2010 辽宁）_ 3.Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.（2011 福建）_ 4.How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?（2009 湖南）_ 5.One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest,the next,the air was charged with tension（紧张气氛）.（2014 重庆）费用费
26、用放弃指控放弃指控指控；控告指控；控告给给充电充电充满充满charge二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.I wonder if theres a service charge _ our meal.（2011 上海）2.They wanted to charge$5,000 _ the car,but we managed to bring the price down.3.Weve had a discussion about whether an entrance fee（入场费）should _ (charge)for parks.forforbe charged三、根据所给提示完成下列句子。1.We also have a swimming pool,which is open all day and _（免费的）.2.I was appointed to _（负责）arranging all the activities on that day.（2011 天津）free of chargebe in charge of/take charge of 谢谢观赏
