1、高中英语必修一学习资料(unit2)(一)PERUisacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmericawiththreemainareas:narrow,dry,flatlandrunningalongthecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonrainforest.秘鲁是一个位于南美洲太平洋海岸的国家,主要有三个地区:狭窄的、干燥的、平坦的陆地沿海岸延伸,安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。Inthe1400sand1500s,PeruwasthecentreofthepowerfulancientIncaEmpire.TheIncaemp
2、erorlivedinthenow-famoussiteMachuPicchu.SpaintookcontrolofPeruinthe16thcenturyandruleduntil1821.ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.在14世纪和16世纪,秘鲁是强大的古代印加帝国的中心。印加皇帝住在现在著名的地点马丘比丘。西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁,并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此,西班牙语才是秘鲁的主要官方语言。TRAVELPERU秘鲁旅行AmazonRainforestTour亚马孙热带雨林之旅Ashortfl
3、ightfromCuscotakesyoufromtheAndesintotheAmazonrainforest.Fromthere,youllspendonedaytravellingbyboattoyouraccommodationinthemiddleoftheforest.Youcanthenspendthreedaysexploringtherainforestwithalocalguideandenjoyingtheplantsandanimalsuniquetotherainforest.从库斯科出发的短途航班带你从安第斯山脉前往亚马孙雨林。从那里,你将花一天时间乘船前往位于森林
4、中间的住处。在接下来的三天里,你可以在当地导游的陪同下,深入雨林进行探索,欣赏雨林独有的动植物。MachuPicchuTour马丘比丘之旅Thisfour-daywalkingtourwilltakeyouonamazingpathsthroughtheAndesMountainsonthewaytothecityofMachuPicchu.Afterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexploreandbeamazedbythisancientcity.EspeciallyamazingistheIncasdrystonemethodofbui
5、lding.Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothingwasneededtoholdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectfitofthestones.这次为期四天的徒步旅行将带你在通往马丘比丘的途中,踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地后,你将有一天时间探索这座令人惊叹的古城。特别令人惊奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美贴合,即可稳固墙体CuscoTour库斯科之旅SpendfourdaysenjoyingtheuniqueSpanishandloca
6、lIndianculturehighintheAndesatCusco,thecapitaloftheIncaEmpirefromthe13thuntilthe16thcentury.Stayinalocalhotel,visitthemuseums,admirethearchitecture,enjoytheexcellentlocalfood,andgoshoppingatthelocalmarkets.在安第斯山脉高处的库斯科,花四天时间享受独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科是13世纪至16世纪印加帝国的首都。入住当地酒店,参观博物馆,欣赏建筑,品尝当地美食,并在当地市场购物。Lake
7、TiticacaTour的的喀喀湖之旅EnjoythebeautifulcountrysideasyouspendadaydrivingalongthenewhighwayconnectingCuscotoLakeTiticaca.There,aboatwilltakeyoutostaywithalocalUrosfamilyonanislandforthreedays.BoththeislandandtheUroshomesaremadeofwaterplantsfromthelake.沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新公路,你可以欣赏美丽的乡村。在那里,一艘船将带你去与岛上当地的乌鲁斯人家庭住
8、在一起三天。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住宅均由湖中的水生植物制成。SocomeandexperiencewhatPeruhastooffer:everythingfromtheancientIncacultureandcenturies-oldSpanishvillagestodeeprainforests,highmountains,andabeautifulcoastline.所以,来体验一下秘鲁所能提供的一切吧:从古老的印加文化和有数百年历史的西班牙村庄,到茂密的雨林、高山和美丽的海岸线。FormorebrochuresaboutotherpackagetoursaroundPeru,contac
9、tusattourinfotravelperu.org.想获得有关秘鲁周边其他包价旅游的更多资料手册,请与我们联系:tourinfotravelperu.org.ReadingforWritingP30DearXiaoLi,亲爱的小李,MytimehereinChinaisgoingwell.Ilovemynewschoolandclassmates.OvertheOctoberholidaymyparentsandIareplanningtogotoXiantoseetheTerracottaArmy.Iveheardthatitisanamazingsight,andIcantwaitto
10、go.Tome,thestoryoftheTerracottaArmyisalmostunbelievable.Itsamazingthattherearemorethan8,000statues,andnooneinmoderntimesknewaboutthemuntilthe1970s.我在中国度过的时间很顺利。我爱我的新学校和同学。十月假期,我和父母打算去西安看兵马俑。我听说这是一个令人惊叹的景象,我迫不及待地想去。对我来说,兵马俑的故事几乎令人难以置信。令人惊奇的是,有超过8000个雕像,直到20世纪70年代,现代人才了解它们。Werealsoplanningtovisitsever
11、alotherplacesinXian.MydadandIarebothlookingforwardtogoingtotheShaanxiHistoryMuseum,becausemydadloveshistoryandIhaveheardthatthismuseumisknownasa“Chinesetreasurehouse”!WerealsogoingtotheXianCityWallandafewotherfamoussights.我们还计划去参观西安的其他几个地方。我和父亲都期待着去陕西历史博物馆,因为我父亲喜欢历史,我听说这个博物馆被称为“中国宝库”!我们还要去西安城墙和其他一些著
12、名的景点。Weretakingthetrain,leavingthedaybeforetheOctoberholidaybegins.Werearrivingat9:30a.m.andwillstartsightseeingrightaway,soIhopewesleepwellonthetrain!我们将坐火车,在十月假期开始的前一天离开。我们将在上午9:30到达并立即开始观光,所以我希望我们能在火车上睡个好觉!Iguessthatsallfornow!Illwriteagainsoonandsendphotos!Doyouhaveanyplansforthecomingholiday?Ho
13、petohearfromyousoon.我想就写到这里吧!我很快就会再写信并发送照片!你对即将到来的假期有什么计划吗?希望早日收到你的来信。Yourfriend,你的朋友,Richard理查德(二)1.applyvt涂(油漆、乳剂),敷;应用;运用vi申请;请求;使用(1)applysthto把涂到;把运用到applyto适应于apply(to)for(向)申请applyforavisa/passport/job/scholarship申请签证/护照/工作/奖学金applytoacompany/university向公司/大学申请(2)applicantn申请人applicationn申请;申
14、请书;适用一词多义Imapplyingforaparttimejobataforeigncompanyinmycityduringthesummervacation申请Itisveryimportantforustoapplytheorytopractice_应用;运用Pleasecleanthewoundwithacleanclothandthenapplythemedicinetoit涂;_敷Idappreciateitifyoucanhelpmefillinthe_(apply)formforanewpassport如果你能帮我填写新护照申请表,我将不胜感激。【即学即练】Imwritin
15、gtoapply thepositionasastudentvolunteer我写信是为了申请学生志愿者的职位。答案1.for2.pack/pk/vi.&vt.收拾(行李)vt.包装n.(商品的)纸包;纸袋;大包packsomeclothes打包一些衣服(P24)pack(sth)up将(东西)装箱打包apackof一包;一盒;一群;一堆apackofcigarettes/gum/greentea一盒香烟/口香糖/绿茶apackofdogs/foxes一群狗/狐狸WhenIwas17,Ipackedmybagsandlefthome.17岁时,我背起行囊离开了家。Youeitherpackup
16、andgohome,orkeepfighting!要不你就打包回家,要不就继续奋斗!【即学即练】1.Ineedtopackmythingsintothesuitcaseveryquickly.我需要快速把这些东西放到手提箱里。2.(2019全国卷III)Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapackdogs,seventobeexact.答案1.up2.of3.amazingadj令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的amazevt使惊讶amazedadj吃惊的beamazedat对大为吃惊amazementn惊奇toonesamazement令某人吃惊的是Itwasamazi
17、ngthatsuchagoodstudentshouldhavecheatedintheexam这么好的学生竟然在考试中作弊,真令人吃惊。Hetoldussuchanamazingstorythatwealltookaninterestinit他告诉了我们一个如此令人吃惊的故事,以至于我们都对此感兴趣。Believeitornot,whathesaidamazedme信不信由你,他所说的话使我大为震惊。【即学即练】Tohis ,_wewerenot athisachievements(amaze)让他感到吃惊的是,他的令人吃惊的成就并没有使我们很吃惊。答案1.amazement,amazeda
18、mazing4.arrangementn安排;筹备(教材P25)Actually,Ivejustfinishedthetravelarrangements!事实上,我刚刚完成了旅行安排!(1)makearrangementsfor为做好安排(2)arrangevt筹备;安排;整理arrangesthforsb为某人安排某事arrange(forsb)todosth安排(某人)做某事Imlookingforwardtobeingtoldaboutyourarrangementsforthecomingvacation我期待着听到你对即将到来的假期的安排。Theyaresobusythatthey
19、havenotimetomakeanarrangement(arrange)fortheactivity他们太忙了,以至于没有时间为这项活动做安排。Itsunnecessaryforparentstoarrangeeverythingfor_theirchildren父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。【即学即练】1.We_(arrange)thattheshortfilmwillbeonshowfrom16:00to17:30atourschooltheatretomorrow我们已经安排好这部短篇电影将在明天16:00到17:30在校剧院放映。2.Herteachermadeaspecial_(
20、arrange)todiscussherprogressatschoolonceamonth.她的老师作了特别安排,每月讨论一次她在学业上的进展情况。arrangement答案1.havearranged2.arramgement5.narrowadj狭窄的vi&vt(使)变窄(教材P26)PERUisacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmericawiththreemainareas:narrow,dry,flatlandrunningalongthecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonrainforest秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿
21、岸的一个国家,主要有三个地区:狭长、干燥、平坦的海岸地带,安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。(1)haveanarrowescape九死一生haveanarrowviewof对持狭隘的观点(2)narrowlyadv勉强地,差点Theonlywaytotheirhouseisalongthatnarrowroad只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。Inmyopinion,youhaveanarrowviewofthebrightfuture在我看来,你对于光明的未来有狭隘的观点。【即学即练】1.Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemore_(narrow)theg
22、apbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter父母和孩子应该多交流以缩小他们之间的差距,这样他们就能更好地了解彼此。2.Itissaidthathewas(narrow)killedinatrafficaccidenttheotherday据说前几天他在一起交通事故中差点丧生。答案1.to_narrow2.narrowly6.powerful/pafl/adj.强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的Inthe1400sand1500s,PeruwasthecentreofthepowerfulancientIncaEmpire.在15世纪和16世
23、纪,秘鲁是强大的古代印加帝国的中心。(P26)【拓展】power/pa/n.力量;能力;政权;能源动力nuclear/wind/solarpower核能/风能/太阳能powercut/failure断电/停电beyondsbspower为某人能力所不及inpower掌权的inonespower在能力权力之内Hisspeechwasapowerfulattackagainsttheenemy.他的演说是对敌人强有力的抨击。Hisgrandfatheroncewasarichandpowerfulman.他的爷爷曾经是一个有钱有势的人。Itisbeyondmypowertofinishthetas
24、kintwohours两个小时之内完成这项工作超出了我的能力。【即学即练】Chinaiswealthierandmore_(power)thaneverbefore.答案1.powerful7.takecontrolof控制;接管(教材P26)SpaintookcontrolofPeruinthe16thcenturyandruleduntil1821西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁,一直统治到1821年。losecontrolof对失去控制outofcontrol失去控制undercontrol受控制underthecontrolof在控制下Butyoucantakecontrolofnotonl
25、yyouractionsbutyourthoughts但是你能控制的不仅仅是你的行动,还有你的思维。Everyonewasverynervousbecausethefirewasout_of_control大家都很紧张,因为火势失去了控制。【即学即练】Allschoolsare_theMinistryofEducation所有的学校都在教育部的控制之下。答案1.under_the_control_of8.recognisevt辨认出;承认;认可Itisrecognisedthattheenvironmentpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreserious人们公认环境污染
26、已变得越来越严重了。recogniseonesvoice辨别出某人的声音berecognisedas被承认为recognisesbtobe承认某人是recognisethat从句承认【拓展】recognition/rekgnn/n.认出;承认;认可ThemomentIansweredthephone,Irecognisedhisvoice我一接电话,就听出了他的声音。Werecognisehimasahardworkingandhonestperson我们认为他是一个勤奋并且诚实的人。Hedidntrecognisethathehadmadeabigmistake他不承认自己犯了一个大错。【即
27、学即练】1.He_(recognise)byhisfansthoughheworeapairofsunglasses尽管他戴着一副太阳镜,他还是被他的歌迷认出来了。2.Atlast,herfathersworkhasreceivedpopular_(recognise).最后,她父亲的工作得到了大众的认可。答案1.was_recognised2.recognition9.otherthan除以外(教材P26)Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothingwasneededtoholdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectf
28、itofthestones印加建筑者精确地切割石头大小,以至于除了完美契合的石头,不需要任何其他的东西来砌墙。morethan超过,不止;非常ratherthan而不是orrather更确切地说wouldrather宁愿Ilikeallkindsofsportsotherthantennis除了打网球外,其他的运动我都喜欢。Theyaremore_thanclassmatesTheyareclosefriends他们不仅仅是同学,还是亲密的朋友。【即学即练】1.Shehasnoclosefriends_him除了他之外,她没有什么好朋友。2.Iwouldstayathomereadingsom
29、ebooks_doshopping我宁愿待在家里看书也不愿去购物。答案1.other_than2.rather_than10.admirevt钦佩;赞赏(教材P27)Stayinalocalhotel,visitthemuseums,admirethearchitecture,enjoytheexcellentlocalfood,andgoshoppingatthelocalmarkets住在当地的酒店,参观博物馆,欣赏当地的建筑,享受当地的美食,在当地市场购物。(1)admiresbforsth因某事而钦佩某人(2)admirationn钦佩;羡慕withadmiration钦佩地Allth
30、eneighboursadmirethisfamily,wheretheparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend所有的邻居都对这个家庭赞赏不已,在这个家庭里,父母对待他们的孩子就像对待朋友一样。【即学即练】1.Theoldteacher (admire)forhisdevotiontohiseducationcause人们赞美这位老教师对教育事业的奉献精神。2.ThemomentJackieChanappeared,allthefanslookedathimwith (admire)成龙一出现,所有影迷都钦佩地看着他。答案1.was_admired2.ad
31、miration11.contactvt联络;联系n联系;接触(教材P27)FormorebrochuresaboutotherpackagetoursaroundPeru,contactusattourinfotravelperuorg要了解更多关于秘鲁其他旅行团的小册子,请访问tourinfotravelperuorg。(1)incontactwith与有联系(表状态)keep/stayincontactwith与保持联系(2)losecontactwith与失去联系outofcontactwith与失去联系(表状态)Ifyouhaveanyquestion,pleasecontactus
32、!如果有任何问题,请与我们联系!Ivelostcontactwithmostofmyschoolfriends我跟大多数同学已经失去了联系。【即学即练】1.TheInternethelpsmeto myfriends互联网帮助我和我的朋友们保持联系。2.Ihavebeen_ herforthreeyears我与她失去联系已有三年。答案1.keepincontactwith2.outofcontactwith经典句型1.Itis/wasthat强调句型(教材P26)ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru正因为如此,西
33、班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。本句是强调句型,被强调部分是forthisreason,在句中作原因状语。强调句型基本结构:Itis被强调部分that/who其他成分强调句的一般疑问句:Is/Wasit被强调部分其他成分强调句的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他成分?notuntil的强调句:Itis/wasnotuntilthatItismymotherwho/thatgivesmeencouragementwhenImeetwithdifficulties是我母亲在我遇到困难时给予我鼓励。ItwasatthecinemathatImetanoldfriendofmine那是在电影院我遇见了我的一位老朋友。Itisonlywhenwegetillthatwebegintorealizehowimportantitistokeephealthy只有当我们生病的时候才开始认识到保持健康的重要性。【即学即练】1.Whowasit brokethewindow?是谁打碎的窗子?2.ItwasnotuntilIreturnedhome mymotherwenttobed直到我回家我妈妈才上床睡觉。答案1.that2.that7