1、虚拟语气虚拟语气表主观愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。表主观愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。相对条件相对条件虚拟语气虚拟语气 1.wish 引导的从句引导的从句2.if only引导的从句引导的从句3.as if/even if引导的从句引导的从句4.would rather+从句从句5.it is high time that从句从句6.It is necessary that从句从句7.suggest 等词后的等词后的that从句从句1 明显条件句明显条件句(由由if条件句条件句)/even if/even through含蓄条件句含蓄条件句(由由but,but for，or，otherw
2、ise，without 引导的条件）引导的条件）did/werehad donewould/might/could do(should)do绝对条件绝对条件虚拟语气虚拟语气did/were 现在，将来现在，将来had donesb did sth/should do sth，should 不可省不可省第1页，共16页。在状语从在状语从句中句中其他特殊其他特殊句型中句型中在在名词性从名词性从句中句中条件句中条件句中虚拟语气虚拟语气与过去相反与过去相反与现在相反与现在相反与将来相反与将来相反Its time thatWould ratherIf onlyWhat if 目的状语从句目的状语从句方式
3、状语从句方式状语从句明显虚拟条件句明显虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句Clara第2页，共16页。时态时态条件从句条件从句的谓语形式的谓语形式主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式与与现在现在事事实相反实相反If 主语主语did/were主语主语should/would/could/might+do与与将来将来事事实相反实相反If 主语主语did/were should do were to do与与过去过去事事实相反实相反If 主语主语had done主语主语should/would/could/might+have done虚
4、拟语气在条件句中的用法虚拟语气在条件句中的用法第3页，共16页。.如果我有一百万美元，我就会如果我有一百万美元，我就会If I had one million dollars,I would 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句2.2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。If I had married her,I would have been unhappy.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语通常有时间状语)3.3.如果他明天来的话如果他明天来
5、的话,我会告诉他我会告诉他.If he were to come here tomorrow,I would tell him.第4页，共16页。常用的提示词有：常用的提示词有：but,but for,or，only，otherwise,without,but that(若不若不)等等。_the leadership of the Party,we could not live a happy life today.=If it were not for the leadership of the Party,I was busy that day._(=If I had not been b
6、usy)I would have come to see you._(=If there were no music),the world would be a dull place.含蓄条件虚拟语气句含蓄条件虚拟语气句But forOtherwiseWithout musicClara第5页，共16页。虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法主句从句主语主语从句从句It is suggested/ordered/demanded/insisted It is important/natural.It is a pity/no wonderthat+S.+(should)do宾
7、语宾语从句从句sb.wish did/wereS+had done would/might/could doSb.suggest/demand/order/advisethat+S.+(should)do第6页，共16页。表语表语从句从句My suggestion/order/demand/request/proposal is that+S.+(should)do同位同位语从语从句句We agreed to his suggestion/order/demand/proposalthat+S.+(should)do虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法第7页，共16页。在一
8、个坚持（在一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（两个命令（order,command,三个三个建议（建议（suggest,advise,propose）,四个要求（四个要求（ask,demand request,require）等动词后的宾语从句中）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形动词原形”，表示建议、要求，表示建议、要求、命令等。、命令等。学生们坚持要多上英语课。学生们坚持要多上英语课。The students insisted that they(should)have more English classes.以上这些动词的以上这些动词的名词形式名词形
9、式后面的后面的表语从句表语从句 和和同位语从句同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以中也要用虚拟语气，也应以 (should)+v(should)+v原原.的形式出现。的形式出现。eg.His request that his cost(should)be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.第8页，共16页。Its necessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形 我们很有必要我们很有必要/重要掌握一门外语重要掌握一门
10、外语 It is important/necessary that we(should)master a foreign language.第9页，共16页。I wish I remembered the address.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）I wish he had not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+that cl
11、ausedid/werehad done would/might/could dowish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气Clara第10页，共16页。虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法主主句句从句从句方式状方式状语从句语从句 did/were as if/as though S+had done would/might/could do目的状目的状语从句语从句in order thatso that +S.+should+would+in case might/could dofor fear that 第11页，共16页。由由as if(as thou
12、gh)引导的状语从句，从句谓语形式为动词的过引导的状语从句，从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（去式（be用用were）或）或“had过去分词过去分词”。他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.他如此努力的学英语，就好像要去美国一样他如此努力的学英语，就好像要去美国一样He learns English so hard
13、 as if he would go to the USA.注意注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生如果表示的事情可能会发生,从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。It seems as if it is going to rain soon.as if(as though)引导的状语从句引导的状语从句Clara第12页，共16页。虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法1.Its high time that+S.+did/should do 2.I would rather that+S+did/had done3.If only 同同wish4.What if
14、+S.should do If only If only 引导的条件句引导的条件句 If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!had rather，would rather用一般过去式表示现在或将用一般过去式表示现在或将来情况，用过去完成式表示过去情况来情况，用过去完成式表示过去情况。Id rather you didnt make any comment on it.第13页，共16页。Its time that we went to bed.Its ti
15、me that we should go to bed.在在It is（high about）time that引导的从句中引导的从句中，动词用一般过去式或，动词用一般过去式或should do来表示虚拟。来表示虚拟。Clara第14页，共16页。交叉虚拟语气交叉虚拟语气条件从句条件从句 所表示的动作与主句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致（如一所表示的动作与主句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致（如一个发生在过去，另一个发生在现在）。这时，我们要根据具体时间来个发生在过去，另一个发生在现在）。这时，我们要根据具体时间来调整动词的相应形式。调整动词的相应形式。If I hadnt stood under
16、the ladder to catch you when you fell，you _ now A.wouldnt be smiling B.couldnt have smiled C.wont smile D.didnt smile 第15页，共16页。条件状语的倒装：条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有如果条件状语中有were,had,should时时,可以倒装成可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主主+其他其他Were I you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.If I were you,I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.Clara第16页，共16页。
