1、单单词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky教材教材版本：版本：新外研新外研册别单元：必修册别单元：必修三三 Unit 1(Using language Developing ideas)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.annoyedannoy+-ed(分词形容词)；英语释义：slightly angry词族：annoy,annoyed,annoying2.adjust基本义：调整；近义词：adapt 词块：adjust sth(to sth),adjust(oneself)to(doing)sth派生词：adjus
2、table,adjustment3.duty基本义：义务词块：a sense of duty,it is the duty of sb/it is sbs duty to do sth,do ones duty,on/off duty4.accidentad-(to 来)+cid(fall 落下)+-ent 突然落下 偶然发生 意外事故词块：by accident5.ensure en-(make 使)+sure(确认)近义词：make sure；同前缀词：enable,endanger,plexitycomplex(复杂的)+-ity7.forgive过去式、过去分词：forgave,for
3、given词块：forgive sb sth,forgive sb for(doing)sth8.criticisecritic(批评家)+-ise反义词：praise9.embarrassment embarrass+-ment词族：embarrass,embarrassed,embarrassing,embarrassment 词块：to ones embarrassment10.boxingbox(v)+-ing词块：lightweight/heavyweight boxing11.justifyjust(公正的)+-ify(使)词块：justify doing sth12.frank词
4、块：to be frank=to be honest=frankly speaking=honestly speaking派生词：frankly13.tear同形异义词：“撕碎”和“眼泪”来自不同的词词块：in tears14.moreovermore+over；正式用语(口语中一般用 besides 和 also)句子副词15.independent in-(not,opposite of)+dependent 词块：be independent of sb派生词：independently,independence16.aparta-(to 到)+part(a side 边)到另一边 分开
5、地词块：(set sb)apart from,be worlds apart,fall apart,tell apart,take apart,tear apart 搭配义搭配义重重难难点点词词精精讲讲adjust一词多义一词多义ensure英语释义英语释义forgiveapartduty一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义tear同形异义词同形异义词accident辨析义辨析义adjust调节座椅高度调手表时间adjust调整调整adjust vt 调整；调节调整；调节：adjust the indoor temperature 2008 福建Watch out for
6、the sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.vi&vt（使）适应；（使）习惯（使）适应；（使）习惯(adapt)：Over the years,we all learned to adjust and to become more comfortable with each other.调整具体的事物调整具体的事物基本义：基本义：“调整调整”调整抽象的事物（行调整抽象的事物（行为、想法等），以适为、想法等），以适应新环境应新环境注：日常用语中，表示调节温度、音量等，一般说注：日常用语中，表示调节温度、音量等，一般说 turn up 和和
7、turn down，而不说而不说 adjust。常用搭配常用搭配:After a while,my eyes adjusted to the darkness inside the cave.It took him a while to adjust to working night shifts.:Youll quickly adjust yourself to student life.注意注意to是介词是介词注意：在日常英语中常用注意：在日常英语中常用 get used to，而不用，而不用adjust。well-adjusted 能适应环境的能适应环境的 adjustable adj
8、可调整的；可调节的：可调整的；可调节的：an adjustable seat adjustment n C&U 调整；调节；适应：调整；调节；适应：I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation.duty翻译词块：翻译词块：student(s)on dutyduty n C&U（道德或法律上的）责任；义务：（道德或法律上的）责任；义务：a sense of dutyIt is the duty of every citizen to ask what he can do for his community.2013
9、福建To obey the laws is everyones duty.C 用复数用复数（工作）任务；职责：（工作）任务；职责：One of her duties is to report any absentees.The duties before me are certain to be heavy.U 值班：值班：Report for duty at 8 am.C&U（购物缴纳的）税；关税：（购物缴纳的）税；关税：duty-free shopsimport duties常用搭配常用搭配do ones duty 尽自己的责任：尽自己的责任：The parents had done th
10、eir duty.2017 全国on/off duty 值值/下班；值下班；值/不值勤：不值勤：He goes on duty at 8 am and comes off duty at 5 pm.duty 语义网络语义网络图图义务义务 duty 基本义基本义道德或法律上的道德或法律上的义务义务上班上班/在岗的在岗的义务义务购物缴纳额外费用的购物缴纳额外费用的义务义务工作中承担的工作中承担的义务义务（购物缴纳的）税；（购物缴纳的）税；关税关税（工作）任务；职责（工作）任务；职责值班值班（道德或法律上的）（道德或法律上的）责任；义务责任；义务accidentYou never know whic
11、h will come first,tomorrow or accident.明天和意外，你永远不知道哪个先来。珍惜我们的生命！accident n C 事故：事故：avoid/meet/cause an accident He was killed in a car accident.Ken had an accident at work and had to go to hospital.C&U 偶然的事；意外的事偶然的事；意外的事 sth that happens unexpectedly and is not planned in advance：The discovery was a
12、 happy accident.词源解读：词源解读：ad-(to 来)+cid(fall 落下)+-ent 突然落下 偶然发生 意外事故by accident 偶然地；意外地偶然地；意外地 反反 on purpose：Yesterday when I was wandering on the pavement near a park,I met an old neighbour by accident.accidental adj 意外的；偶然的意外的；偶然的 accidentally adv 意外地；偶然地意外地；偶然地 (by mistake)：I stepped on a young m
13、ans foot accidentally.2009 江西书面表达 accident,event 辨析辨析accident 多指偶然或意外发生的不幸的事情。a traffic accident event 尤指历史上的重大事件，还可以表示国际、国内的大事以及体育比赛项目。the chief events of 2017 The 800 metres is not his best event.ensureensure vt 确保；保证确保；保证 to make certain that sth will happen properly(make sure)：ensure the welfare
14、 and safety of the students ensure+(that)从句从句:The teachers spared no effort to ensure(that)all students would be given an equal chance.构词：构词：en-(make)+sure 使确认使确认 确保确保使役动词前缀使役动词前缀 en-将所给单词加上前缀将所给单词加上前缀en-，并写出其词性及汉语释义。，并写出其词性及汉语释义。sureablecouragedangerlargeensureenableencourageendangerenlargev 确保确保v
15、使能够使能够v 鼓励鼓励v 使遭危险使遭危险v 扩大；扩充扩大；扩充使役动词前缀使役动词前缀 en-加在名词或形容词前构成动词，意为加在名词或形容词前构成动词，意为“使使”“”“使成使成为为”“”“使处于使处于之中之中”。视频欣赏：视频欣赏：Forgive me.forgive(forgave,forgiven)vt 原谅；宽恕：原谅；宽恕：One of my favourite sayings is“Understand all and forgive all.”forgive sb sth:They forgave him his rudeness.forgive sb for(doing
16、)sth:Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.2020 全国Forgive me for interrupting,but I have something urgent to tell you.forgive and forget 不念旧恶；不记仇：不念旧恶；不记仇：It is a virtue to forgive and forget,especially in such a competitive and stressful society.2012 江苏书面表达改sb could/might be forgiven for
17、 doing sth 某人做某事虽然错却是可以理解的某人做某事虽然错却是可以理解的 forgiveness n U 原谅；宽恕原谅；宽恕teartear1 n C常用复数眼泪；泪水：常用复数眼泪；泪水：I dont know what it was in the novel that made him burst into tears.2012 湖北She broke down in tears when she heard the bad news.tear1 词源解读：词源解读：词源义词源义“fluid drop from the eye”，从眼睛里流，从眼睛里流出的液体出的液体 眼泪眼泪
18、tear2(tore,torn)v vt&vi 扯（破）；（被）撕开；（被）撕碎：扯（破）；（被）撕开；（被）撕碎：tear the letter into/to pieces This paper/cloth tears easily.Jack tore the package open.vt 撕掉：撕掉：When we tear one page from the calendar,it means our life has been shortened by one day.He tore his clothes off and dived into the lake.tear apar
19、t 把把撕成碎片；使分裂；使分离；使心里不快：撕成碎片；使分裂；使分离；使心里不快：The fox had been torn apart by wolves.Seeing my mom so upset really tore me apart.tear2 词源义词源义“pull apart”拉开拉开 扯（破）扯（破）注意动词和名词注意动词和名词是是同形异义词同形异义词，发音不同发音不同同形异义词同形异义词：指拼写相同，但意义不同的词。常见的同形异义词有 light,tear,lead,post 等。学习时要注意同形异义词与多义词的区别：同形异义词各源自不同的词，而多义词的词源是同一个词。多
20、义词的释义之间有联系，而同形异义词的释义之间无联系。写出下列句子中画线单词的词性及汉语释义写出下列句子中画线单词的词性及汉语释义。1.The last song lasted three minutes._ _2.The athletes bowed to the audience and left the field with bows and arrows._ _3.The girl opened the curtains to let in the light._4.The girl was as light as a feather to carry._最后的最后的 adj光光 n轻的
21、轻的 adj 鞠躬鞠躬 v持续持续 v 弓弓 napart adv 相隔地；相距地：相隔地；相距地：The buildings stood several miles apart.Our birthdays are exactly a month apart.分开地；分离：分开地；分离：He had a deep voice,which set him apart from others in our small town.2013 全国I cant tell the twins apart.零散地；成碎片地：零散地；成碎片地：Rod loves taking apart clocks.How
22、ever,he never manages to put them together again.2012 辽宁改Im sorry,the cup just came apart in my hands.His marriage fell apart.词源解读：词源解读：a-(to 到)+part(a side 边)到另一边 分开地apart from 除除外（别无）；若不：外（别无）；若不：Apart from them,I had no one to talk to.除除外（尚有外（尚有）：Apart from being the kingdom of flowers,Yunnan pro
23、vince is home to many ethnic minority groups.be worlds apart 完全不同；截然不同：完全不同；截然不同：Their experience of life is worlds apart.2012 天津本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.Youll quickly adjust yourself to student life.2.To obey the laws is everyones duty.3.It is a virtue to forgive and forget,especially in such a competitive and stressful society.2012 江苏书面表达改4.One of my favourite sayings is“Understand all and forgive all.”谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
