1、Grammar-ed as adverbial分词分词作状语作状语现在分词作现在分词作状语状语 过去分词作过去分词作状语状语 doingbeing donehaving been donedone表主动且同时进行表主动且同时进行表被动且同时进行表被动且同时进行表被动，先后发生表被动，先后发生having done表主动，先后发生表主动，先后发生现在分词作现在分词作状语状语 doingTurning around，she saw a car driving up.Having worked hard all day，I went to bed early.having donebeing don
2、eBeing protected by the thick wall，they felt they were quite safe.having been doneHaving been shown around the lab，we were led into a big hall.Read and translate the following sentences,paying attention to the using of ed form.1.Seen from the hill,the city looks magnificent.2.Deeply moved,Mr.Cooper
3、thanked him again and again.3.Whenever asked about it,he could hardly hold back his emotions.从山上看这座城市非常壮观。从山上看这座城市非常壮观。Mr.Cooper深为感动，一再向他表示感谢。深为感动，一再向他表示感谢。每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.a.Disappointed by his behaviou
4、r,I said all this to my best friend.b.Approached in this way,your friendship will soon be repaired.1.Who was disappointed in sentence(a)?What is approached in sentence(b)?I was disappointed in sentence(a).“Your friendship”is approached in sentence(b).2.Why does the author use-ed instead of-ing here?
5、Because-ing is used when the action is done by the subject of the sentence,while-ed is used when the action is done to the subject of the sentence.Here,both“disappoint”and“approach”are actions done to the subjects.Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.c.Because I was dis
6、appointed by his behaviour,I said all this to my best friend.b.If it is approached in this way,your friendship will soon be repaired.3.What is the difference between the two groups of sentences?4.Why does the author choose to use-ed instead of an adverbial clause in the reading passage?Sentences(a)a
7、nd(b)contain-ed as adverbial while sentences(c)and(d)contain adverbial clauses.Because-ed makes the sentences shorter and sound more formal as written language.单元语法单元语法 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 1 过去分词（短语）作状语的用法过去分词（短语）作状语的用法 过去分词（短语）作状语表示被动和完成的动作，即句子主语与过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词（短语）作状语，可放在句首，也可放在句后，一般用逗号同其他成分隔开，在句
8、中可作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语。When asked her future plans,the girl said that she wanted to be a doctor.Disappointed by his behaviour,I said all this to my best friend.Approached in this way,you are sure to solve the problem.Encouraged by his parents,he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties
9、.The patient got off the bed，supported by the nurse.时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语方式或伴随状语方式或伴随状语【学法点拨学法点拨】过去分词（短语）作状语来源于状语从句，有时为了强调，前面可加上连词when，while，once，if，though，although，unless，as if，as though，even if，even though 等。When first introduced to the market,these products enjoyed great success.=When
10、these products were first introduced to the market,these products enjoyed great success.当这些产品首次投放市场时，它们获得了巨大的成功。If grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.=If these seeds are grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。Unless spoken to,she wont say a word.=Unless she is sp
11、oken to,she wont say a word.除非主动跟她讲话，否则她不愿说一个字。【误区警示误区警示】如果过去分词作状语，前面再加逻辑主语，句子的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。The signal given，the bus started.=As soon as the signal was given，the bus started.=With the signal given，the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。（the signal 是given 的逻辑主语）Her head held high，she
12、 went by.=With her head held high，she went by.她高昂着头走了过去。（her head 是held high 的逻辑主语）单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）（see）from the top of the hill，the school looks like a big garden.（2）（give）more attention，the accident could have been avoided.（3）（criticise）by the teacher，the girl was very upset.（4）（leave）alone at home
13、，Jenny didnt feel afraid at all.（5）（follow）by his students，the teacher went into the lab.（6）When （give）a physical examination，you should keep calm.（7）He stood there silently，（move）to tears.（8）His homework （finish），he went out to play with other kids happily.（9）（lose）in thought，he almost knocked into
14、 the big tree in front of him.（10）This new cellphone，if carefully （use）,will work for at least five years.Seen Given Criticised Left Followed givenmovedfinished Lost used 完成句子完成句子（11）（因为写得匆忙），this article was not so good.（12）（陷入沉思中），he didnt hear the sound.（13）I wont attend his birthday party （除非受到邀
15、请）.（14）（他的腿严重受伤），he had to stay in bed.Written in a hurry/Because it was written in a hurry Lost in deep thought/Because he was lost in deep thought unless（I am）invited His leg badly hurt2 过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 现在分词作现在分词作状语状语 过去分词作过去分词作状语状语 doingbeing donehaving been donehaving donedone2 过去
16、分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别（1）过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的最主要区别在于两者与 其逻辑主语（即句子的主语）是主动还是被动关系：主语与过去分词所表示的动作之间在逻辑上是被动关系，主语与现在分词所表示的动作之间在逻辑上是主动关系。Given more attention，the flowers could have grown better.如果多给些关注，这些花会长得更好。Not knowing what to do，he asked his good friend for help.不知道怎么办，他向他的好朋友求助。（2）过去分词（）过去分词（done）和）
17、和现在分词被动式现在分词被动式（being done）的区别）的区别一般情况下，一般情况下，原因状语原因状语用过去分词或现在分词的被动式用过去分词或现在分词的被动式均可均可，但直接用过去分词更常见，也更简洁。但直接用过去分词更常见，也更简洁。Scolded（Being scolded）by the teacher，he felt depressed.由于受到老师的训斥，他的情绪十分低落。由于受到老师的训斥，他的情绪十分低落。His son（being）bullied，Tom got annoyed.由于儿子遭人伤害，汤姆很恼火。（独立主格结构）由于儿子遭人伤害，汤姆很恼火。（独立主格结构）【误
18、区警示误区警示】a）若分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生则用being done，因为being done 有“进行”的意味。Being disturbed by my little brother，I couldnt read.由于弟弟的打扰，我无法看书。b）源于系表结构的过去分词(be+pp.+prep)表示完成的状态而不强调被动或暂时性概念时，不用being done。Lost in thought，he didnt hear the bell.由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。作作方式方式状语、状语、伴随伴随状语或状语或让步让步状语时，通常只用状语时，通常只用过去分词过去分词
19、。The old man went into the mountain，followed by his dog.这位老人进山了，身后跟着他的狗。这位老人进山了，身后跟着他的狗。Encouraged by the teacher，he still lacks confidence.虽然受到老师的鼓励，但他仍缺乏信心。虽然受到老师的鼓励，但他仍缺乏信心。条件条件或或时间时间状语通常直接用状语通常直接用过去分词过去分词，但如果强调分词的，但如果强调分词的“被被 动动作动动作”发生在谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前之前，也可以用，也可以用having been doneGiven more ti
20、me，Ill do it better.如果多给点儿时间，我会做得更好。如果多给点儿时间，我会做得更好。Having been revised several times，my composition was rated as an excellent one.经过几次修改，我的作文被评为优秀。经过几次修改，我的作文被评为优秀。单句语法填空单句语法填空，并给出解释，并给出解释（1）（offer）an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.（2）（see）from the top of the t
21、ower，we can get a better view of our city.（3）Time，（use）correctly，is money in the bank.（4）（bite）by the old mans dog，she is afraid to approach his house.（5）Weather （permit），well go outing this weekend.（6）（compare）with them，we still have a long way to go.（7）（show）around the library，we were taken to the
22、 lab.（8）（watch）by so many people，she felt very nervous at the stage.Offered Seeing used Bitten permittingComparedHaving been shown Being watched 作原因状语，表被动，亦可用作原因状语，表被动，亦可用Being offered作条件状语，表主动且几乎同时进行作条件状语，表主动且几乎同时进行作条件状语，表被动作条件状语，表被动作原因状语，表被动，亦可用作原因状语，表被动，亦可用Being bitten独立主格结构，表主独立主格结构，表主动动Be compa
23、red with：系动词：系动词+过分过分+介结构介结构作时间状语，表被动，强调动作先后进行作时间状语，表被动，强调动作先后进行作原因状语，表被动，强调动作同时进行作原因状语，表被动，强调动作同时进行 同义句转换同义句转换（9）Because he was caught in a heavy rain，he was late for the interview.=，he was late for the interview.（10）When they heard their teachers voice，the pupils stopped talking at once.=，the pupi
24、ls stopped talking at once.（11）He hurried to the hall and was followed by two guards.=He hurried to the hall，.Caught in a heavy rain Hearing their teachers voicefollowed by two guardsRead the plot summary and choose the correct form of the words.Inside out is an animated film about the five emotions
25、 of a girl called Riley:Joy,Sadness,Fear,Disgust and Anger.Influencing/Influenced mainly by Joy,most of Rileys memories are happy ones.Believing/Believed that she is Rileys most important emotion,Joy always tries to take the lead.Preventing/Prevented from playing her role in Rileys emotional develop
26、ment,Sadness feels annoyed.When Riley moves to a new city,she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.Sadness wants to do her duty but by accident causes the loss of Rileys happy core memories with Joy.Now separating/separated from her friends and her beloved hockey team,Riley starts to fe
27、el lost and helpless,and wants to run away from her parents and new school.Worried about her,Joy and Sadness try to work together to ensure she gets her core memories back.Eventually,realising/realised that every emotion has a role,Joy understands it is okay for Riley to feel sad sometimes.Accepting
28、 sadness as part of life helps Riley deal with the emotional complexity of growing up,and settle down in her new life.1.Last week,Anne was attracted by a particular article in a magazine,so she bought it.2.Anne was praised in class,and she felt happy as well as ashamed.3.Anne was shocked by the deci
29、sion and did not know what to do.Last week,attracted by a particular article in a magazine,Anne bought it.Praised in class,Anne felt happy as well as ashamed.Shocked by the decision,Anne did not know what to do.Rewrite the following sentences with the-ed form.Complete the passage with the correct fo
30、rm of the words in the box.describe,destroy,know,paint,rebuilt,see,speak,write My first view of the old city was as we flew into the land._ from the air like this,it looked just as I thought it would,as _ by the guide book.We followed the tiny mountain paths through the ancient buildings.Seen descri
31、bed _ on the rocks are pictures from hundreds of years ago._ under the pictures are words in an unknown script because the language _ in those days,is no longer _._ in a terrible war 500 years ago,and never _,the old city still has its magic.Painted Writtenspoken known Destroyed rebuilt describe,destroy,know,paint,rebuilt,see,speak,write
