1、专题九情态动词河北五年中考命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值情态动词的基本用法201730can表示能力的用法can/may/must/need1分201528cant表示“不会，不能”的用法may/cant/must/neednt1分情态动词为河北中考的高频考点，主要考查其基本用法和词义辨析，如：may在疑问句中表请求，neednt表示没必要，can表示能力，cant表示不能。设题形式多为单句或对话形式，词数为1016个。预测2020年河北中考的单项选择会出现一道考查情态动词基本用法的题，且偏向考查can的用法。河北中考重难点突破单项选择( A)1.(2019广东中考)Dirt
2、y air and water are harmful.They _ kill plants，and even people.Acan BcantCshould Dshouldnt( C)2.(2019苏州中考)Some people dont show their talents at the very beginning.I agree. Even Einstein _ read until he was seven.Acant Bmustnt Ccouldnt Dneednt( A)3.(2019邵阳中考改编)Will Sam go to the cinema with us tonig
3、ht?Im not sure.He _ not be free.Amay Bshould Ccan Dmust( B)4.(2019株洲中考改编)Every one of us _ always breathe the same breath and share the same future as the people.Amight BshouldCcould Dmay( A)5.(2019石家庄正定新区模拟)Boys，you _ talk loudly in the classroom.Amustnt Bcouldnt Cneednt Dwouldnt(C)6.(2019邯郸二模)I lo
4、ve the weekend because I _ get up early to go to school.Acant BmustntCneednt Dshouldnt【满分点拨】情态动词有一定的词义，本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。它在句中须和实义动词一起构成谓语。一、常见情态动词的用法情态动词含义及用法例句can表示能力，意为“能；会”(2017、30)Sam can speak English well.萨姆英语讲得很好。表示不太有把握的推测，意为“可能”，常用于肯定句和疑问句Can it be a dog outside the door？门外会不会是只狗呢？表示请
5、求、允许，意为“可以”Can I borrow your bike？我能借你的自行车吗？cant意为“不会；不能”(2015、28；2014、34)There is an important exam today.I cant miss it.今天有一场重要的考试。我不能错过它。表示非常有把握的否定推测，语气强烈，意为“不可能；一定不”，常用于否定句She cant be at home now because I saw her out.她现在不可能在家，因为我看见她出去了。could,can的过去式，意为“能；会”，表示过去的能力,Lang Lang could play the pian
6、o well when he was young.郎朗很小的时候钢琴就弹得非常好。在疑问句中表示委婉的请求,Could I have a cup of tea？我可以要一杯茶吗？表推测(可能性不是很高)，意为“可能；也许”，语气较委婉,Mary could be in the library.玛丽可能在图书馆。续表情态动词含义及用法例句must表示主观看法，意为“必须；应该”(2010、31)You must finish your homework first！你必须先完成你的家庭作业！表示非常有把握的肯定推测，用于肯定句，表示“一定”(2012、35)The book must be Ma
7、rys because her name is on it.这本书肯定是玛丽的，上面有她的名字。mustnt意为“一定不要；不准”，表禁止You mustnt play football on the road.你们不准在马路上踢足球。should/ought to意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议We should keep the air fresh.我们应该保持空气清新。You ought to do it at once.你应该马上就去做这件事。shouldnt意为“不应该”We shouldnt waste water.我们不应该浪费水。may表示请求、许可，意为“可
8、以”(2013、34)You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能；也许”She may come back tomorrow，but I am not sure.她可能明天回来，但是我不确定。mightmay的过去式He asked if he might go home.他问他是否可以回家了。表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉Might I smoke here？我可以在这里吸烟吗？表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能；也许”(可能性比may小)It might rain tomorrow.明天可能下雨。need
9、表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中You neednt say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。neednt(2011、36)意为“不必”，相当于dont have to，常用来回答must提问的句子Must we finish our homework now？我们现在必须完成家庭作业吗？No，you neednt.不必。二、情态动词的其他用法1must和have tomust表示主观上感到“必须”；have to表示因外部因素而使得某人“不得不”。此外，must只有一般现在时，表示过去通常用had to，表示将来要用will have to。have/has/had
10、to动词原形，在改否定句或疑问句时要另外加助动词do/does/did。如：She has to stay at home and look after her sick mother.她得待在家里照顾生病的妈妈。Does she have to stay at home and look after her sick mother？她得待在家里照顾她生病的妈妈吗？2can和be able to两者表“能力”时用法相同，但can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式，其他时态要用be able to来表示。另外，be able to常常有“做成了某事”的意味。如：Jim cant spea
11、k Chinese.吉姆不会说中文。We will be able to see him next week.下个星期，我们将会看到他。3can和may(1)can和may均可用来表示请求或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。如：Can/May I help you？我能帮助你吗？(2)can与may表示可能性时的区别在肯定句中表推测时，may表示具体事情实际发生的可能性，can表示客观的(理论上的)可能性。在疑问句中表推测时用can(可能)，不用may。在否定句中表推测时用cant(不可能)，may not(可能不)。如：She may be in the classroom.她可能在教室里
12、。Where can they be now？他们现在可能在哪儿？4maybe和may be前者是副词，意为“大概；或许”，与perhaps/probably同义；后者属于情态动词may与be连用，意为“或许是”。如：Maybe she is in the office.或许她在办公室。She may be in the office.她或许是在办公室。5cant和mustnt表否定推测时应用cant。mustnt意为“禁止；不允许”，不用来表推测，在肯定句中可用must表推测，意为“一定”。三、含情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为“情态动词bedone(过去分词)”。做题时要兼
13、顾情态动词和语态这两个方面的用法。如：More trees should be planted in China in order to protect the environment.在中国，为了保护环境，更多的树应该被种植。注意：(1)由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用neednt。如：Need I answer the question？我需要回答这个问题吗？Yes，you must/have to./No，you neednt.是的，你必须回答。/不，你不需要。(2)need作为实义动词有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动
14、词不定式，可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。如：She doesnt need to see a doctor.She just needs a rest.她不需要看医生，她只需要休息一下。河北中考考点精练单项选择。( A)1.(2019齐齐哈尔中考改编)The summer vacation is coming.Have you made a plan for it?Not yet.I _ go to Guilin.Amay Bcan Cshould Dmust( A)2.(2019泰州中考)This task is really beyond me.Well，if you _ solve i
15、t，you wont get paid.Acant BneedntCmustnt Dshouldnt( A)3.(2019连云港中考)According to the notice，guests at this hotel _ use the sports center at no extra cost.Acan Bshould Cmust Dneed( C)4.(2019临沂中考改编)Ants are pretty small.You might think that they _ be rather weak.But what you might not know is that ants
16、 are actually very strong for their size.Aneed Bcant Cmust Dmustnt( B)5.(2019南充中考)Mum，may I play computer games this evening?No way.You _ finish your homework.Acan Bmust Cmay Dwill( C)6.(2019菏泽中考改编)How is your friend going to the station?Im not sure.He _ take a taxi there.Amust Bhas to Cmay Dneed( D
17、)7.(2019本溪中考)The man _ be a doctor in this hospital，but Im not sure.Amust Bwould Ccan Dmight( B)8.(2019湘西州中考改编)Is that boy Scott?No，it _ be Scott.Scott is much taller.Acan Bcant Cmustnt Dneednt( A)9.(2019营口中考)These days people in China _ take too much money when shopping because they often use Alipa
18、y or WeChat pay.Aneednt Bmustnt Cshouldnt Dcant( A)10.(2019抚顺中考)Its a rule that students _ bring mobile phones to our school.Amustnt BwouldntCneednt Dcouldnt( A)11.(2019郴州中考改编)May I take the magazine out of the reading room?No，you _.Please read it here.Amustnt BwouldntCneednt Dwont( D)12.(2019内江中考)
19、_ I return the books this week?No，you _.You can do that next week.AMust；cant BMay；neednt CNeed；mustnt DMust；neednt( B)13.Hi，class！You _ come to school tomorrow.Wow，great news!Awasnt able to Bwont have to Cshouldnt Dmustnt ( D)14.(2019秦皇岛海港区二模)Im afraid I have to leave now，for Mum is waiting for me.Well，if you _，at least wait till the heavy rain stops.Acan Bmay Cneed Dmust( B)15.(2019唐山路南区一模)Must I go home now?No，you _.Amustnt Bneednt Cshouldnt Dcant5
