1、?浣浣浣浣?浣浣浣浣粗粉碎粗粉碎 COARSE原料仓原料仓 RAW MATERIAL BIN配料配料 WEIGHTING细粉碎细粉碎 FINE GRINDING 第一次混合第一次混合 FIRST MIXING过筛过筛 SCREEN第二次混合第二次混合SECOND MIXING鱼料生产工艺流程鱼料生产工艺流程FISH FEED PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW?浣浣浣浣鱼料生产工艺流程鱼料生产工艺流程 FISH FEED PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW膨化膨化 EXTRUSION干燥干燥 DRYING冷却冷却 TEMP.REDUCTION油脂喷涂油脂喷涂 FAT C
2、OATING筛分筛分 SIZING包装包装 PACKING使用膨化机的鱼料生产使用膨化机的鱼料生产Fish Feed Production by Extruder?浣浣浣浣鱼料生产主要设备鱼料生产主要设备Fish Feed Production Machine 膨化机膨化机 Extruder 烘干机烘干机 Dryer 油脂喷涂机油脂喷涂机 Fat Coating 冷却器冷却器 Cooler?浣浣浣浣膨化制粒机膨化制粒机 EXTRUDER 分料圆桶分料圆桶 CIRCULAR BIN 喂料器喂料器 FEEDER 调质器调质器 CONDITIONER 膨化机膨化机 EXTRUDER主要构成主要构成
3、Main Components?浣浣浣浣?浣浣浣浣 膨化过程膨化过程 EXTRUSION膨化过程是用螺杆螺套将料送入膨化机内膨化过程是用螺杆螺套将料送入膨化机内,使原料接受搓揉、打使原料接受搓揉、打磨、搅拌及内部剪切的一种过程，在这个过程中，热量骤升，磨、搅拌及内部剪切的一种过程，在这个过程中，热量骤升，原料细胞壁遭到破坏，由于热、水份、高压及时间的共同作用原料细胞壁遭到破坏，由于热、水份、高压及时间的共同作用而对原料进行蒸煮，淀粉因此变成糊状形成所谓的而对原料进行蒸煮，淀粉因此变成糊状形成所谓的“糊化糊化”，同，同时，淀粉、蛋白、脂肪结构发生变形形成所谓的时，淀粉、蛋白、脂肪结构发生变形形成
4、所谓的“塑化塑化”，从而，从而可获得各种各样所需要的形状。可获得各种各样所需要的形状。is the process of feeding raw material through screw that causes kneading,grinding,mixing,inner shear force.This time heat has been occurred and cell wall will break away.The factor of heat,moisture,high pressure,time make material cooked.Starch will change
5、 status to gelatin called“Gelatinization”.Mean time the structure of starch,protein,fat will be changed call“Plasticization”.This can form many shapes as require?浣浣浣浣 膨化过程膨化过程 EXTRUSION 因螺套内的压力高于大气压力因螺套内的压力高于大气压力,当料挤出压模时，压力便会骤减而产生爆破当料挤出压模时，压力便会骤减而产生爆破与迅速膨胀，故有空气泡生成。与迅速膨胀，故有空气泡生成。Since the pressure in
6、side screw is higher than atmosphere pressure,when material pass DIE out.The pressure has been changed rapidly that causes blast and expansion.Air bubbles will take place.膨化过程也可以称作膨化过程也可以称作HT/ST过程过程(高温高温/瞬时瞬时)Extrusion process also can be called as HT/ST process(High Temperature/Short Time)优点优点 Adva
7、ntages-减少微生素与氨基酸损失减少微生素与氨基酸损失 Less vitamin and amino acid loss-减少营养成分损失减少营养成分损失 Less nutrient loss?浣浣浣浣 1.压力压力 2.温度温度 120-150?羐C Temperature 120-150?羐C 3.水份水份 24-28%Moisture 24-28%用膨化机制粒：用膨化机制粒：Pelletization by EXTRUDER -膨化前的料应满足膨化前的料应满足:水份水份16%,温度温度 90?羐C Pre-extruded feed should:moisture 16%,tempe
8、rature 90?羐C -水份水份 24-28%,温度温度 120-150?羐C时熟化效果好时熟化效果好 Feed will be good cooked at moisture 24-28%,temperature 120-150?羐C -借助于压模和切刀可以控制原料形状与密度。借助于压模和切刀可以控制原料形状与密度。Be able to control the shape and density by DIE and pellet cutSource:Feed Tech IV 1994?浣浣浣浣 膨化过程膨化过程 EXTRUSION作用：储存料与保证原料连续送入膨化机。作用：储存料与保证
9、原料连续送入膨化机。分料圆桶内的料位不应低于桶高的分料圆桶内的料位不应低于桶高的 1/3 以防止蒸汽倒窜以防止蒸汽倒窜与湿料粘桶。与湿料粘桶。Function is staying and keeping feed in order to feed to EXTRUDER constantly.The feed level in circular bin should not less than 1/3 of bin for the purpose of preventing contrary steam and stuck of wet feed.分料圆桶分料圆桶 CIRCULAR BIN?
10、浣浣浣浣分料圆桶分料圆桶 CIRCULAR BIN?浣浣浣浣分料圆桶分料圆桶 CIRCULAR BIN?浣浣浣浣分料圆桶分料圆桶 CIRCULAR BIN?浣浣浣浣作用作用 Function1.将料从将料从分料圆桶分料圆桶推送到推送到搅拌罐搅拌罐 Drag feed from Circular Bin to Mixing Cylinder2.喂料器喂料器电机转速必须能够改变以便可按照操作工的电机转速必须能够改变以便可按照操作工的 要要求或针对不同品种的料的需要控制送入求或针对不同品种的料的需要控制送入搅拌罐搅拌罐与与 膨化器膨化器的料量大小。的料量大小。Motor of Feeder have
11、 to be able to change revolution in order to control the amount of feed drag to Mixer and Extruder as Operator requirement or suitable condition of each kind of feed.3.喂料器喂料器的种类：最常用的是的种类：最常用的是螺旋式螺旋式（绞龙绞龙）the kind of Feeder,mostly use Screw Feeder喂料器喂料器 FEEDER?浣浣浣浣?浣浣浣浣 主要部件主要部件 The components of Fee
12、der1.箱体箱体:外部件外部件 Feeders case:outer component2.桨叶桨叶:有二根轴，桨叶装在上面用于将料扫入绞龙。有二根轴，桨叶装在上面用于将料扫入绞龙。Paddle:there are 2 shafts and paddle for sweeping feed to screw3.绞龙绞龙:连续地推送料到搅拌罐连续地推送料到搅拌罐 Screw:feed to Mixing Cylinder constantly喂料器喂料器 FEEDER?浣浣浣浣 FEEDER PELLET MILL89 26 26 31 77 RS60喂料器喂料器 FEEDER?浣浣浣浣 喂料
13、器喂料器 FEEDER?浣浣浣浣喂料器喂料器 FEEDER作用作用：使料均匀地搅拌与混合，添加蒸汽提高水份与温度。：使料均匀地搅拌与混合，添加蒸汽提高水份与温度。它是料熟化的一个初期过程，料的水份大约为它是料熟化的一个初期过程，料的水份大约为 16-20%,熟化时间熟化时间 2 4 分钟分钟,温度温度 90?羐C 熟化时间熟化时间 2 4 分钟分钟,温度温度 90?羐C Function :mixing and blending homogeniously and adding steam for moisture and temperature increase.This is a prel
14、iminary process for cooking.Feed moisture is approximately 16 20%,spend 2 4 minutes,temperature 90?羐C搅拌搅拌罐罐或预调质器或预调质器MIXING CYLINDER OR PRECONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣当有油或脂肪要添加到预调质器时，当有油或脂肪要添加到预调质器时，因为油会覆盖料的表面而因为油会覆盖料的表面而阻止水的渗入，阻止水的渗入，故添加点应尽可能最接近排料口故添加点应尽可能最接近排料口。*In case of there is oil or fat adding in Precon
15、ditioner,should be nearest discharge point as possible.Due to the fact that the oil will cover feed surface and block water penetration.?浣浣浣浣搅拌搅拌罐罐或预调质器或预调质器MIXING CYLINDER OR PRECONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣出口出口进口进口Reverse Pitch 25%Neutral Pitch 50%Forward Pitch 25%搅拌搅拌罐罐或预调质器或预调质器MIXING CYLINDER OR PRECONDITIO
16、NER 搅拌罐有二种型式：搅拌罐有二种型式：MIXING CYLINDER has 2 types 1.压力熟化器压力熟化器 PRESSURE COOKER 2.调质器调质器 CONDITIONER2.1 单轴调质器单轴调质器 SINGLE SHAFT CONDITIONER 2.2 差径调质器差径调质器 DIFFERENTIAL DIAMETER CONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣搅拌搅拌罐罐或预调质器或预调质器MIXING CYLINDER OR PRECONDITIONER单轴调质器单轴调质器 SINGLE SHAFT CONDITIONER转速高，可获得好的搅拌效果转速高，可获得好的搅拌
17、效果但调质时间短，只有但调质时间短，只有30秒或更少秒或更少Operate at high speed for good blending.Retention time is low,about 30 seconds or less?浣浣浣浣?浣浣浣浣单轴调质器单轴调质器 SINGLE SHAFT CONDITIONER调质时间调质时间 2-4分钟分钟Retention time 2-4 minutes系统设计系统设计 System design:-大轴（低速轴）上大轴（低速轴）上 较长的搅拌时间。较长的搅拌时间。Long mixing time in bigger shaft (low sp
18、eed)-小轴（高速轴）上小轴（高速轴）上 较好的搅拌效应较好的搅拌效应 Good mixing effect in smaller shaft (high speed)差差径径调质器调质器 DIFFERENTIAL DIAMETER CONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣 1.单轴调质器桨叶调整单轴调质器桨叶调整:Mixing paddle setting:SINGLE SHAFT CONDITIONER 2.差径调质器桨叶调整差径调质器桨叶调整:Mixing paddle setting:DIFFERENTIAL DIAMETER CONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣桨叶桨叶的调整方式的调整方式Mi
19、xing Paddle Settings 单轴调质器中单轴调质器中桨叶调整桨叶调整 Mixing paddle setting :SINGLE SHAFT CONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣 差速调质器中差速调质器中桨叶调整桨叶调整 Mixing paddle setting:DIFFERENTIAL DIAMETER CONDITIONER?浣浣浣浣 Conditioner Conditioner Conditioner Conditioner Conditioner Extruder (1)Conditioner Extruder (2)?浣浣浣浣 差速调质器中差速调质器中桨叶调整桨叶调整
20、Mixing paddle setting:DIFFERENTIAL DIAMETER CONDITIONER右轴右轴 Right 左轴左轴 Left123456789101112131415+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15-15-15-15161718192021222324252627282930-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15?浣浣浣浣313233343536373839404142434445-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-154647
21、48495051525354555657585960-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15 桨叶角度桨叶角度 BEATER PITCH ANGLE123456789101112131415+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15+15161718192021222324252627282930+15+15+15000000000000?浣浣浣浣313233343536373839404142434445000000000000-15-15-154647484950515253545556575859
22、60-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15-15桨叶角度桨叶角度 BEATER PITCH ANGLE桨叶调整的结果桨叶调整的结果 Result of mixing paddle setting?浣浣浣浣0 Wenger 型型 DDC 预调质器预调质器Wenger Model 16DDC Pre-conditioner2000平均调质时间平均调质时间(秒秒)Average Retention Time(sec)5010015020025025003500300045004000500040%Fill30%Fill50%Fill20%Fill10%F
23、ill?浣浣浣浣?浣浣浣浣作用：使料混合，通过提高压力，增高温度与增大剪切力作用：使料混合，通过提高压力，增高温度与增大剪切力 熟化料并通过压模以熟化料并通过压模以20 Bar压力、压力、120-150C温温 度、度、30秒时间与秒时间与24 28%压模表面处水份成型。压模表面处水份成型。Function is for blending feed,increase pressure,increase temperature and shear force to cook material and formed shape by DIE with 20 Bar pressure,120-150C
24、 temperature,spend 30 seconds,at DIE surface moisture 24 28%.膨化机膨化机 EXTRUDERSource:Feed Tech IV 1994?浣浣浣浣 1.外套外套 HEAD 2.螺套螺套 SLEEVE 3.螺杆螺杆 SCREW 4.汽锁汽锁 STEAMLOCK?浣浣浣浣膨化机的主要部件膨化机的主要部件 The important parts of EXTRUDER 外套外套是内装螺套与轴的外部部件，具有二层夹套，可提供是内装螺套与轴的外部部件，具有二层夹套，可提供水以冷却或加热。有的水以冷却或加热。有的外套外套内可安装蒸汽喷嘴以将蒸
25、汽内可安装蒸汽喷嘴以将蒸汽喷入料中。外套中重要的零件就是螺套。喷入料中。外套中重要的零件就是螺套。is a outside part which cover screw and shaft.There are 2 layers of Jacket,the water can be supplied in to cool down or heat up.Some HEAD can be installed steam nozzles to spray steam into the feed.The important component of HEAD is Sleeve.外套外套 HEAD?浣
26、浣浣浣?浣浣浣浣1.进料进料外套外套 INLET HEAD2.中间外套中间外套 CENTER HEAD3.出料外套出料外套 FINAL HEAD 4.特殊外套特殊外套 SPECIAL HEAD?浣浣浣浣外套外套 HEAD进料外套进料外套是将料推送到中间是将料推送到中间外套外套的进口。的进口。is the entrance,deliver to the Center Head?浣浣浣浣外套外套 HEAD中间中间外套外套 CENTER HEAD 安装在中间部位，具有一个夹套用以将料冷却或加安装在中间部位，具有一个夹套用以将料冷却或加热到均匀的状态。热到均匀的状态。Install at the ce
27、nter part.There is an Jacket to cool down or heat up for feed homogeneous conditioning.?浣浣浣浣外套外套 HEAD外套外套 FINAL HEAD 装有定距块与压模的末端部件，具有夹套用以冷却与加热。装有定距块与压模的末端部件，具有夹套用以冷却与加热。is terminal part which fastened with the Spacer and Die.Ther is the Jacket for cooling down and heating up.?浣浣浣浣外套外套 HEAD特殊外套特殊外套 S
28、PECIAL TYPE 这种型式可专门用于沉性料生产。它有透气口用以释放压力这种型式可专门用于沉性料生产。它有透气口用以释放压力与降低温度，但它没有冷却或加热夹套。与降低温度，但它没有冷却或加热夹套。This type can specially be applied with sink feed.There is an Vent to release pressure and temperature of feed.But this type does not have the Jacket for cooling down and heating up.?浣浣浣浣外套外套 HEADSTRA
29、IGHT RIB.斜螺纹沟槽斜螺纹沟槽 SPIRAL RIB 螺套螺套 SLEEVE?浣浣浣浣STRAIGHT RIB 朝前送料慢，料有时还倒退，朝前送料慢，料有时还倒退，可帮助搓揉料与增高压力可帮助搓揉料与增高压力而提高料的熟化程度。而提高料的熟化程度。This type,feed moving forward is slow and some will contrary moving backward.This can help kneading material and increasing pressure cause more cooking level.?浣浣浣浣螺套螺套 SLEE
30、VE 斜螺纹沟槽斜螺纹沟槽 SPIRAL RIB 朝前送料比直螺纹沟槽型朝前送料比直螺纹沟槽型快，但料的熟化程度要快，但料的熟化程度要差一些。差一些。This type,feed moving forward is faster than the straight rib type.This type cooking level is poorer than the straight rib type.?浣浣浣浣螺套螺套 SLEEVE具有混合、朝前送料作用。具有混合、朝前送料作用。Function Blending,Moving feed forward螺杆螺杆 SCREW?浣浣浣浣FLIGH
31、THEIGHTROOTDIAMETERSCREW TERMINOLOGYSINGLE FLIHTPITCHLENGTH-螺纹螺纹 螺蚊表面，螺蚊表面，螺纹区域螺纹区域,用来用来推送料。螺杆具有朝前推送料的推送料。螺杆具有朝前推送料的功能。功能。Flight Screw surface,flight area,is for deliver feed.Screw has an function as push material forward.-螺距螺距 螺纹相对于螺旋轴（螺杆）螺纹相对于螺旋轴（螺杆）变化的程度（绕轴一圈上升的距变化的程度（绕轴一圈上升的距离）离）Pitch Degree of
32、pitch is relative to Root shaft.-螺纹根螺纹根 由螺纹环饶的螺旋轴（螺由螺纹环饶的螺旋轴（螺杆）的刚性部分。杆）的刚性部分。Root Rigid part or the part of screw shaft,surround with the flight.螺杆类型螺杆类型:Type and operation of Screw:1.连续螺纹螺杆连续螺纹螺杆 FLIGHT UNCUT SCREW2.非连续螺纹螺杆非连续螺纹螺杆 CUT FLIGHT SCREW3.特殊形式螺杆特殊形式螺杆 SPECIAL TYPE SCREW?浣浣浣浣螺杆螺杆 SCREW 1.
33、连续螺纹螺杆连续螺纹螺杆 FLIGHT UNCUT SCREW1.1 连续单螺纹螺杆连续单螺纹螺杆 SINGLE FLIGHT UNCUT SCREW 送料速度非常快。送料速度非常快。This type of screw can move material forward very fast.?浣浣浣浣螺杆螺杆 SCREW 1.2 连续双螺蚊螺杆连续双螺蚊螺杆 DOUBLE FLIGHT UNCUT SCREW 送料速度很快并且同时可增高压力，熟化程度高。送料速度很快并且同时可增高压力，熟化程度高。This type of screw can move material forward ver
34、y fast and pressure will be increased at the mean time.This get more cooking level.?浣浣浣浣螺杆螺杆 SCREW 2.非连续螺纹螺杆非连续螺纹螺杆 CUT FLIGHT SCREW 2.1 非连续单螺纹螺杆非连续单螺纹螺杆 SINGLE CUT FLIGHT SCREW 送料速度比连续螺纹螺杆慢送料速度比连续螺纹螺杆慢 This type of screw,the speed of moving forward is slower than the flight uncut screw type.?浣浣浣浣螺杆
35、螺杆 SCREW 2.2 非连续双螺蚊螺杆非连续双螺蚊螺杆 DOUBLE CUT FLIGHT SCREW 熟化程度较高，压力比非连续单螺蚊螺杆大。熟化程度较高，压力比非连续单螺蚊螺杆大。This type,the cooking level is better and pressure is more than single flight screw?浣浣浣浣螺杆螺杆 SCREW 3.特殊螺纹螺杆，三角型特殊螺纹螺杆，三角型(剪切锁剪切锁),共共7件组成一根螺杆。件组成一根螺杆。Special type screw,triangle shape(Shearlock),7 pieces lin
36、e up to be an screw.?浣浣浣浣螺杆螺杆 SCREW 膨化机的螺杆可分成送料螺杆和用来改变料的特性挤压膨化机的螺杆可分成送料螺杆和用来改变料的特性挤压螺杆，由螺杆，由3部分组成：部分组成：Extruders screw can be divided to moving part and part of changing properties of raw material which there are 3 parts:1.送送料部分料部分 Feeding2.搓揉或挤压部分搓揉或挤压部分 Kneading or Transition3.出料熟化部分出料熟化部分 Final Cooking?浣浣浣浣
