1、单单词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky版本：版本：新北师新北师单元：选择性必修单元：选择性必修三三 Unit 9(LESSON 3 READING CLUB 2)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.virus隐喻：传染疾病的“病毒”像“病毒”一样具有传染性、破坏性的程序等 2.variation vary(v 变化)+-ation(名词后缀)词族：vary,various,variety,variation,varied3.factor来自词根fact(to do 做)，同根词：fact,factory 词块：th
2、e key/major factor4.bacteriabacterium 的复数形式5.officially official(adj 正式的)+-ly(副词后缀)词族：office,official,officially6.classifyclass(种类)+-ify(to make 使)使物体分成不同种类 将分类词块：classify sth into sth；词族：class,classify,classification7.rare熟词生义“(肉)半熟的、半生的”派生词：rarely 8.baseline合成词：base(n 基础)+line(n 线)9.opposedoppose(
3、v 反对)+-ed(形容词后缀)oppose：op-(against 对面)+pose(to put,place 放置)置于相反位置或立场 反对、抵制 词块：as opposed to,be opposed to sth词族：oppose,opposed,opposing同根词：expose,compose10.widespread 合成词：wide(adj 广的)+spread(v 分布)词块：widespread use 11.classification classify(v 把分类)classification词块：garbage classification12.depressing
4、depress(v 使沮丧)+-ing(分词形容词后缀)词族：depress,depressed,depressing,depression,depressive13.sample词块：a blood/water/soil sample,free samples 名词动词化：尝；品尝14.CE是美式英语，AD是英式英语拓展：BC(BrE)/BCE(AmE)15.estimate词块：be estimated to be/have,it is estimated that.派生词：estimation16.visiblevis(to see 看见)+-ible(可的)可以看见的 看得见的同根词：
5、visit,visa,vision反义词：invisible；词块：be visible to 17.bury隐喻：埋(葬)尸体 “埋”物体，使其不被发现 遮盖/掩盖词块：be buried in/bury oneself in18.pose词块：pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk(to)19.steadilysteady(adj 稳定的)+-ly(副词后缀)20.outbreak 合成词：out+break，来自短语动词：break out 21.trialtry(v 尝试、试验)+-al(名词后缀)词块：a(free)trial period,(by/t
6、hrough)trial and error,on trial 22.actual派生词：actually23.underline合成词：under(在下面)+line(n 线)在下面划线24.thoroughthrough 拼写的变体，表示强调，引申义“彻底的、完全的”；派生词：thoroughly25.systematic system(n 系统)+-atic(形容词后缀)26.globe词块：across/all around the globe派生词：global,globally27.paragraph词源：同古汉语一样，古代西方语言也没有标点、不分段落、没有间隔。古希腊人为了便于阅
7、读，就在每一个新内容开始的一行前面画一条横线，表示在这一行中有新的段落。英语单词 paragraph 就来自于希腊人的这个习惯，词根 para 表示“在旁边”，词根 graph 表示“描绘、画线”，字面意思就是“在旁边画条线”。28.correspondingcor-(together,with each other 相互)+respond(to answer 回答、回应)+-ing(形容词后缀)(两个数据)相互回应的 相互对应的词族：correspond,corresponding,correspondent29.differ熟词生义：意见不同，有异议；同义词：disagree词块：diff
8、er from=be different from词族：differ,difference,different,differently,indifferent30.identifyidentity(n 身份)+-ify(to make 使)使身份暴露、被知晓 认出；识别词族：identity,identify,identification,identical31.symbolicallysymbol(n 象征)+-ical(形容词后缀)+-ly(副词后缀)词族：symbol,symbolic,symbolically,symbolism,symbolise32.phenomenon 复数 ph
9、enomena；词块：a natural phenomenon33.mineral来自 mine(n 矿)词块：mineral water词族：mine,mineral,mining34.needle隐喻：缝纫用的“针”注射器的“针”注射针35.database合成词：data+base36.suspectsu-(up to 从下往上)+spect(to look at 看)从下往上打量着看 怀疑词块：suspect sb of doing sth,suspect that 同根词：aspect,respect,expect,inspect37.victim词块：fall victim to/
10、become a victim to38.astronomerastronomy(n 天文学)+-er(的人)重重难难点点词词精精讲讲bury一词多义一词多义estimate搭配义搭配义trial熟词生义熟词生义oppose&opposedsuspect英语释义英语释义辨析义辨析义搭配义搭配义词根词缀词根词缀identity&identify一词多义一词多义隐喻隐喻oppose&opposedop-（against 对面）对面）+pose（to put,place 放置）放置）置于相反位置或立场置于相反位置或立场 反对、抵制反对、抵制 同根词：同根词：expose:ex-（out 向外）向外）
11、+pose（to place 放置）放置）向外放置，向外放置，即展开即展开 使显露；使暴露使显露；使暴露 compose:com-（together 一起）一起）+pose（to place 放置）放置）放在一起放在一起 组成组成opposed 来自oppose，学 opposed 之前需要先学习 opposevt 反对；抵制：反对；抵制：All the members present opposed the plan bitterly.oppose doing sth:I would oppose changing the law.opposed adj不用于名词前反对的；截然不同的：不用于
12、名词前反对的；截然不同的：His parents are opposed to the marriage.as opposed to表示对比而；而非：表示对比而；而非：Two hundred people attended the meeting,as opposed to 300 the previous year.We employ you to work as opposed to(=rather than)just sitting.opposing adj只用于名词前对立的；敌对的；（观点等）相反的只用于名词前对立的；敌对的；（观点等）相反的oppose estimate the ar
13、eaestimate the distance看图猜词看图猜词 estimate vt 常用于被动语态常用于被动语态 估计；估算；估价：估计；估算；估价：estimate sth(at sth):They estimate the cost to repair at$800.2016 天津改 be estimated to be/have:The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.estimate/it is estimated+(that)从句：The university estimates that living expense
14、s for international students are around$8,450 a year.2013 湖南It is estimated that 80%of all conversation in English is small talk.n C 估计；估算；估价：估计；估算；估价：a conservative/rough estimate“it is+动词动词-ed+that 从句从句”结构结构 根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.In 2010,_（据估算）about 400 village shops clos
15、ed.（2014 上海改）2._（普遍认为）people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.（2014 重庆）(believe)3._（人们常说）the joy of travelling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.（2008 江苏）4._（据报道）a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.（2015 安徽改）5._（一致
16、同意）we should hold another meeting.it was estimated thatIt is generally believed thatIt is often said thatIt is reported thatIt is/was agreed thatburyThe girl is burying herself in books.看图猜词义看图猜词义埋头读书埋头读书基本义为基本义为“埋埋”埋葬：埋葬：We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease sprea
17、ding.埋藏；掩藏；遮盖：埋藏；掩藏；遮盖：The dog buried the bone in the ground.He buried his face in his hands.be buried in/bury oneself in 埋头于；专心致志于：埋头于；专心致志于：As you know,Im still buried in books at the school you are so familiar with.bury vttrial构词：构词：try(v 尝试、试验)+-al(名词后缀)trial R2 n C&U 试用；试验：试用；试验：a(free)trial pe
18、riod New cars have several severe trials before they are put on the market.审判；审讯：审判；审讯：In a trial,a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.on trial 在试用中；在受审：在试用中；在受审：The clerk was employed on trial.Hes on trial for theft.trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索：反复试验；不断摸索：In Novemb
19、er 1972,by/through trial and error,Tu and her team successfully discovered qinghaosu.如此熟悉的如此熟悉的 identity 生活中我们经常听到ID这个词，可同学们是否知道它的真正含义呢？ID是英文identity 的缩写，是“身份标识号码”的意思,也称为“序列号或帐号”，是某个体系中相对唯一的编码。如“学号”、“身份证号码”、“计算机网址”等。identity学 identify 之前需要先复习 identity词源解读词源解读identity 的词源义即“同一同一”、“同一性同一性”(sameness,on
20、eness,state of being the same)。同一性同一性：同一类事物共同具有的典型特征，这个典型特征是这类事物区别于其他事物的地方。人与动物的区别：人与动物的区别：1.人能直立行走；2.人会语言交流；3.人会制造工具、使用工具identity n C&U 缩写为缩写为ID 身份：身份：an identity card(ID card)C&U（区别人或群体的）个性（区别人或群体的）个性/特征：特征：After years of performing,he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity.The college ye
21、ars are supposed to be a time for the development of adult identity.2016 北京改必修二必修二 Unit 4 确认；认出；识别确认；认出；识别 to recognize and correctly name sb/sth：He was too far away to be able to identify faces.One of the 17 people killed in the school shooting wasidentified as Jamie.找出；发现找出；发现 to find or discover
22、sb/sth：To be effective,you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them.2009 浙江根据具体特征根据具体特征识别识别根据抽象特征根据抽象特征识别识别构词：构词：identity(身份)+-ify(to make 使)使身份被识别 认出；识别identify vt 表明表明的身份的身份 to be a sign that shows who or what sb/sth is：His accent identified him as a Frenchman.identify sb/sth with s
23、th 认为某人认为某人 /某物等同于某物：某物等同于某物：You should not identify wealth with happiness.identify with sb/sth 认同某人认同某人 /某物；与某人某物；与某人 /某物有同感：某物有同感：I didnt enjoy the book because I couldnt identify with any of the main characters.识别识别特征特征识别识别identify（基本义）（基本义）根据人或事物的具根据人或事物的具体特征体特征“识别识别”根据人或事物的抽根据人或事物的抽象特征象特征“识别识别”
24、人或事物的特征使人或事物的特征使之被之被“识别识别”确认；认出；确认；认出；识别识别找出；发现找出；发现表明表明的身份的身份identify 语义网络图语义网络图 Once upon a time His evil face identified him as a bad person._So,Little Red Riding Hood(LRRH)was very careful with him.However,she told the wolf that she was going to her grandmothers house.表明表明的身份的身份identify根据上下文，猜测画
25、线单词的释义。根据上下文，猜测画线单词的释义。Gray wolf and Little Red Riding HoodThe LRRH failed to identify the grey wolf from her grandmother._A passed-by hunter identified that there was something wrong with the snore(打呼噜)._Soon,the hunter found the identity of the sleeping guy was the grey wolf!_确认；发现确认；发现身份身份认出；识别认出
26、；识别suspectThe laws I love,the lawyers I suspect.Charles Churchill 西方人向来不乏对律师的揶揄之词。这句话译作“我热爱法律，但我怀怀疑疑律师。”说到怀疑，我们很容易想到doubt，这里为什么用suspect呢？doubt和suspect有什么区别呢?suspect v 不用于进行时不用于进行时 vt&vi 猜想猜想；怀疑；怀疑 to believe that sth may happen or be true：The doctors suspected cancer.She strongly suspected he was ly
27、ing to her.Shes not going to be very happy about this,I suspect.vt 怀疑（某人有罪）怀疑（某人有罪）to think that sb is probably guilty of a crime：suspect sb of(doing)sth:They suspect him of a theft.The policeman suspected him of killing the girl.认为某事（尤为坏事）可能真实或可能发生，但尚无确切依据。构词：构词：su-(up to 从下往上从下往上)+spect(to look at
28、看看)从下往上打量着看从下往上打量着看 怀疑怀疑n C 嫌疑犯；可疑分子：嫌疑犯；可疑分子：question a suspect adj 不可信的；可疑的：不可信的；可疑的：a suspect package suspect：to believe that sth bad may happen or may be true认为某事会发生，尚缺少依据。The policeman suspected her of stealing the wallet.辨析辨析 suspect，doubtdoubt：to think that sth may not be true or that it is u
29、nlikely不确定某事或者认为某事不可能。I doubt if it will rain tomorrow.spect 词根记词汇词根记词汇spect(to look at)看看suspect v 猜想；怀疑猜想；怀疑su-(up to 从下往上)+spect(to look at 看)从下往上打量着看 怀疑aspect n 方面方面a-(to 去)+spect(to look at 看)看待事物的方式 事物呈现出来的外观 方面respect v 尊重尊重re-(back 向后，回)+spect(to look at 看)再看、反复看 尊重expect v 期待期待ex-(out 向外)+(
30、s)pect(to look at 看)向外看 期待inspect v 仔细检查；视察仔细检查；视察in-(into 箱内)+spect(to look at 看)向内看 仔细检查；视察本单元的词根词缀本单元的词根词缀说出下列单词的词根词缀的汉语释义。说出下列单词的词根词缀的汉语释义。1.The governments have introduced a system to classify foods as healthy or unhealthy.（2014 上海改）classify：class（种类）+-ify（to make 使）使物体分成不同种类 _2.The water is cl
31、ear and plenty of fish are visible.visible：vis（to see _）+-ible（可的）_3.Compared with the corresponding period last year,average temperatures have been low.corresponding：cor-（together,with each other 相互）+respond（to answer 回答、回应）+-ing（形容词后缀）（两个数据）相互 _ 的 _将将分类分类看（见）看（见）看得见的看得见的 /可见的可见的回应回应相对应的相对应的4.She s
32、uspected that one of her three daughters had picked her lost ring up,but the girls said they hadnt.（2017 浙江改）suspect：su-（up to 从下往上）+spect（to look at _）从下往上打量着看 _5.Police have already identified 10 murder suspects.identify：identity（身份）+-ify（to make 使）使身份暴露、被知晓 _看看怀疑怀疑确认确认本单元隐喻典型词本单元隐喻典型词单词单词基本义基本义比喻
33、义比喻义needle针_bury埋_barrier障碍物_注射针注射针掩盖掩盖 /遮盖遮盖障碍障碍本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.It is estimated that 80%of all conversation in English is small talk.2.He buried his face in his hands.3.In November 1972,by/through trial and error,Tu and her team successfully discovered qinghaosu.4.To be effective,you need to identi
34、fy your strengths and concentrate on them.2009 浙江5.You should not identify wealth with happiness.6.The policeman suspected her of stealing the wallet.随堂检测随堂检测一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.We can learn much by being brought into contact with _(oppose)opinions.2.His view of th
35、e situation is very strongly opposed _ mine.二、二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。根据所给汉语，完成句子。1.Many people _（反对）the use of nuclear power（核能）.(opposed)2.Students have discussions _（而不是）just listening to the teacher.(opposed)tooppose&opposedare opposed toas opposed toopposing一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词
36、的正确形式。1.The earthquake caused damage to property _(estimate)at$6 million.2.At _ rough estimate,Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain.二、二、根据所给汉语，完成句子。根据所给汉语，完成句子。1.To our disappointment,only about 1,000 finless porpoise（中国长江江豚）_（被估计仍然存活）at present.（2013 重庆）2._（据估计）there are about 5000 7500
37、 humpback whales worldwide.（2011 上海）aare estimated to be still livingIt is estimated that estimateestimatedbury一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Based on this,he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city _(bury)deep in the jungle.2.Rubbish _(bury)in landfills（垃圾填埋场）is cut off from the surro
38、unding environment.3.Your letter _(bury)under a pile of papers.二、根据所给词块，将句子译成英语。二、根据所给词块，将句子译成英语。她自从考试不及格后，就埋头学习。(bury oneself in)Since her failure in the exam,_.buriedburiedshes buried herself in her studiesgot/was buriedtrial写出下列句子中写出下列句子中画线部分画线部分的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.They succeeded in the experiment on t
39、he fifteenth trial._ 2.The case is now under trial._3.She agreed to employ me for a trial period._ 4.Trial and error is the source of our knowledge._5.The robots have been on trial for the past year._6.He was on trial for theft._试验试验审判审判 /审讯审讯试用期试用期反复试验反复试验 /不断摸索不断摸索试验中试验中审讯中审讯中一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、
40、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.We need to identify the best ways of reaching our goals._ 2.The womans accent identified her as an American._3.Passengers were asked to identify their own suitcases before they were put on the plane._4.She was able to identify the thief who stole her bicycle._identity&identify找出找出
41、表明表明的身份的身份确认确认认出认出二、将下列短语翻译成英语。二、将下列短语翻译成英语。1.身份证 _2.发现某人的身份 _3.保护某人的身份 _ 4.社会认同 _ an identity/ID carddiscover sbs identityprotect sbs identitysocial identity一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。suspect1.The police suspect him of carrying out two bomb attacks._2.Police have issued a photograph of the suspect._3.The study was carried out with such a small sample that its results are suspect._怀疑怀疑嫌疑犯嫌疑犯不可靠的不可靠的二、用二、用doubt或或suspect的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1.I had _ whether or not I should attend the meet.2.A driver _ of drink driving should provide samples for testing.（2011 福建改）doubtedsuspected谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
