1、课程主题优质小升初专项系列第二讲介词学习目标l 理解表示时间、地点的介词用法l 根据语境选择正确的介词l 了解常用的短语介词【模块】介词【知识点一】表示时间的介词一、 in， on， atat表示具体的时刻。 at seven oclock at half past twoon 主要用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上，还用于具有某种特征的一天。 on Monday on August 8th, 2008 on the night of National Day on a rainy evening in用于世纪、年、季节、月 in the 21st century / in 2010
2、/ in spring / in January固定用法in the morning / afternoon / evening at noon / night / midnight* 注意对比：1 in December,2001 on December 11,20012 in winter on a cold winter二、 since和 for两者都表示一段时间，可以用于完成时；但since +时间点、过去时短语或从句，for +时间段。 * since 和for 可以进行句型转换： 【例如】 He has been in this school since nine years ag
3、o. = He has been in this school for nine years. 对since/for+时间 进行提问时，用How long.三、 in+ 一段时间 （1）表示“在一段时间之内”，句子常用一般现在时或一般过去时。 E.g. There as once an artist. He could draw a beautiful horse in five minutes. （2）表示“在一段时间之后”，句子常用一般将来时。 E.g. What will you be like in ten years time.四、在含有this、that 、these、those、
4、next、 last 、today、tomorrow、 yesterday等词或词组前不用介词。 【例题1】Liang Bo(梁博) won last years most popular talent show, The Voice of China(中国好声音)_ September 30, 2012. A. to B. on C. at D. in【答案】B【解析】具体某一天用介词“on”。【例题2】An American company has developed a technique that can make bread stay fresh_60 days. A. at B.
5、on C. in D. for【答案】D【解析】for 加一段时间，引导现在完成时。【例题3】The plane will take off three hours. I must get to the airport at once. A. at B. in C. on D. by【答案】B【解析】in +一段时间，表示“在（时间）内”，常常引导一般将来时。【例题4】Mr. Silver didnt go shopping as usual _ last night. A. in B. on C. at D. /【答案】D【解析】在含有this、that 、these、those、next、
6、 last 、today、tomorrow、 yesterday等词或词组前不用介词。 【知识点二】方位介词一、 in和at at表示较小的地点 at the bus stop ，at home in表示较大的地方 in China ，in the world 二、 on、over和 above on意为“在的上面”；表示两物体接触。 over意为“在（垂直）的正上方”；反义词：under above意为“在（不一定垂直）的上方”，高于；反义词：below*其中 on 还有“关于”的意思。 over 也有“在.期间”的意思e.g. over the breakfast三、 in front o
7、f 和in the front of in front of 表“在之前”，范围外 e.g. There are some trees in front of the classroom. in the front of表“在的前部”，范围内 e.g. Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom. 四、 in、to和on（1）in表示在某一地区的某方位，属于某范围 A in B e.g. Beijing is in the north of China. （2）to表示某一地区之外的某方位，不属于该范围 A to B e.g.
8、Japan is to the east of China. （3）on表示两地相接壤 A on B e.g. Korea is on the east of China.【例题1】Chinas Go (围棋) player Jiang Weijie won the world championship_ Asia early this year. A. in B. on C. at D. Since【答案】A【解析】in表示较大的地方【例题2】Joyce wrote an article _ how to improve our memory for the school newspaper
9、. A. for B. on C. in D. at【答案】B【解析】on有“关于”的意思，相当于“about”。【例题3】The small village lies _ the west of the river. A. atB. in C. fromD. to【答案】D【解析】介词“to”表示某一地区之外的某方位，不属于该范围【知识点三】方式介词一、by、in和on表交通 （1）by + 交通工具，意为“乘坐”。 e.g. 海：by ship / boat / sea 陆：by bus / car / train / bike / taxi 空：by air / plane / spac
10、eship （2）on / in + 限定词 + 交通工具，意为“乘坐”。 在开放或半封闭型工具前用on ; 在封闭型工具前用in。e.g. He goes to work on the bike / in his car. *on foot为固定短语，意为“步行”。* 小口诀： 介词用来表交通，常把by, in, on来用； 限定、复数用in / on，by要直通海陆空； 骑马、骑车惯用on，小轿车前in才通。二、 in、with、through和by“用” in主要表示 “用语言、笔墨、声音等”； with表示“用具体有形的东西”； through通过具体过程，途径，手段，中介; by表示
11、“用手段或方式”，后+动名词。 e.g. Can you sing this song in English?I write my homework with a pen. I learned it through a friend.The girl made money by selling flowers. * with 1) 和.一起 2）有，带有 反义词：without 3）用 e.g. Will you go to the park with me? Without water, fish will die. * within 在.之内；不超过的范围 e.g. Within 3 da
12、ys, he will arrive here. It is within my reach.【例题1】Paying_ credit card is easier and safer than taking a lot of money nowadays. A. for B. by C. with D. on【答案】B【解析】”by credit card”表示“通过信用卡的方式”【例题2】We were asked to check the answers _ discussing with each other. A. by B. in C. of D. with【答案】A【解析】by表方
13、式，“by discussing with each other”解释为“通过和他人讨论的方法”【例题3】If I didnt see it _ my own eyes, I would never believe it possible A. by B. in C. with D. for【答案】C【解析】with ones own eyes 某人亲眼所见【例题4】After reading the story, we came to know nobody can be successful _ any efforts. A. for B. in C. on D. without 【答案】
14、D【解析】”without any efforts” 没有努力【例题5】China is a great country _ a large population. We are proud of our motherland. A. of B. on C. with D. by【答案】C【解析】with作介词，表示“拥有”的意思。【知识点四】介词短语一、 介词和动词搭配 dowellin在.方面做得好 laughat嘲笑 look like 看起来像 depend on 依靠. leavefor出发 talkto与.谈话二、 介词和名词搭配 in time 及时 on time 准时 in
15、trouble 有麻烦 answer to .的答案 at the end of 在.底 in low voice 用低音 三、 介词和形容词、过去分词搭配bemadeof由.制成 beangrywithsb对某人生气 beangryatsth.为某事生气bepleasedwithsb对某人感到满意 besatisfiedwithsth. 对某事感到满意 besurprisedat对.感到惊奇/诧异 betiredof讨厌. beinterestedin对.感兴趣 beproudof以.为自豪/骄傲【例题1】We were so proud _ winning 38 gold medals a
16、t the 2012 London Olympic Games. A. in B. of C. with D. for【答案】B【解析】be proud of 为感到骄傲【例题2】Many people were late _ work this morning because of the heavy fog. A. with B. by C. for D. about【答案】C【解析】be late for 迟到【例题3】We are thankful to those who supported us when we were _ trouble. A. in B. by C. abou
17、t D. For【答案】A【解析】be in trouble 陷入困境【例题4】 Lily is going to be responsible _ preparing music for the dancing party. A. at B. by C. from D. for【答案】D【解析】be responsible for 对负责【例题5】Pansy hasnt got the answers_Kens questions. A. by B. to C. for D. with【答案】B【解析】answer to 的答案当堂一测：1_ the age of ten, she had
18、learned to play the piano.AAfterBInCAtDBy【参考答案】C。at the age of 表示在某人多大的时候，固定搭配。故选择C。2The old man took a walk every day _ when it rained.AexceptBbesidesCbesideDAs【参考答案】A。B表示包括在内的除了，C是介词，D是连词，只有A符合题意。3Look at Lucy! How happy she looks _ her new dress.AafterBforCatDIn【参考答案】D。此时的Look表示感官动词，in+衣服表示穿什么样的衣
19、服的状体，故选择D。4His mother bought him a new bicycle _ the morning of his eighteenth birthday.AonBinCatDBefore【参考答案】A。表示具体的某天的早上用介词on。5 The new dress looks very nice _ you.Thank you. Im glad you say so.A forBatCinDOn【参考答案】D。衣服被穿在人身上用on。6 How long have you been working in this factory?_ 1986.A InBFormCAfte
20、rDSince【参考答案】D。Since+时间点表示持续多长时间。7Japan lies _ the east of Asia, _ the east of China.Ain; toBto; inCin; inDto; to【参考答案】A。不接壤的用to，属于范围之内的用in，所以此空应该选择A。8The old lady _ a pair of thick glass got on the bus.AinBhavingCwithDOn【参考答案】C。with表示有.的，表达习惯，故选择C。9The old woman died not _ old age but _ grief.Afrom
21、; fromBof; ofCof; fromDfrom; of【参考答案】B。死于内因用of，故选择B。10He can speak two other foreign language well _ English.AexceptBbesidesCbesideDexcept for【参考答案】B。根据前面的other可知此空应该填B。阅读AWhen I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点). Week by week her list grew: I was very t
22、hin, I was not a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to bear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very 35. . I ran to my father with tears in my eyes. He listened to me quietly, and then he asked. Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didnt you ever w
23、onder what youre really like? Well, you now have that girls 36. . Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said. I did as he told me37. , I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldnt change (lik
24、e being very thin), but a good number I could-and 38. I wanted to change. For the first time I went to a fairly clear picture of myself. I brought the list back to Daddy. He 39. to take it. Thats just for you, he said. You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn
25、to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feel hurt. When something said about you is true, youll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Dont 40. your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do
26、. Daddys advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, Ive never had a better piece of advice. 1.A.afraid B.tired C.angry D.proud2.A.ambition B.opinion C.joke D.suggestion3.A.For the time being B.Whats more C.In a hurry D.To my surprise4.A.slowly B.hardly C.suddenly D.mainly5.A.re
27、fused B.agreed C.wanted D.hated6.A.hurt B.shut C.change D.touch1【答案】C。【解析】由后文I ran to my father with tears in my eyes可知。2.【答案】B。 【解析】由前文可知，A.抱负; B.看法；C.玩笑；D.建议。3.【答案】D。【解析】A.现在；B.而且；C.匆忙；D.令我吃惊的是。4.【答案】C。【解析】由前文可得。5.【答案】A。【解析】I brought the list back to Daddy可知，选A。6.【答案】B。【解析】由后文可知，选B。阅读BOver the pas
28、t 20 years, the Internet has greatly influenced out world and changed our lives. The Internet makes it much e_1_ for people to search for information. For example, when we write history report, we dont have to go to the library. We can find information about world leaders and historical events on di
29、fferent websites. Everything we want to know can be found at the click of a b_2_.The Internet helps us to stay connected to family, friends and the world around us. Not long ago, we wrote letters and waited weeks for a reply. Today, when we use QQ, we send and receive messages across thousands of mi
30、les in a few seconds.The Internet gives us way to express our opinions in public. We s_3_ interesting ideas with other people on QQ, Baidu Tieba, blogs or forums(论坛). If we dislike the food at school, we can discuss it in the schools forum or in the Tieba of our own class.A_4_ the Internet has made
31、our world better in many ways, in some ways it can be a bad influence. There is a lot of false information on the Internet. It is important not to believe a_5_ we read on the Internet. In addition, many teenagers choose to keep in touch with each other online instead of meeting face-to-face. People
32、w_6_ that this harms their social communication skills(社交能力).Some teenagers spend too much time playing Internet games. They may lose focus on their studies.There are millions of interesting sites to visit and so many wonderful things to do online. How could we live w_7_ the Internet nowadays? But t
33、ry to let the Internet be your good servant, not your bad master!1. 【答案】easier 【解析】根据Make sth. +adj. 的结构判断形容词，且根据句意网络使搜索信息_。2. 【答案】button 【解析】根据of a b_判断为名词，且根据搭配 a click of _ 什么东西一点击可知。3. 【答案】share 【解析】动词，与介词with搭配，且根据句意，我们与他人_有趣的想法。4. 【答案】 although 【解析】连词，根据句意：虽然网络有好的方面，但也有坏的影响。5. 【答案】all 【解析】不定代词
34、，后跟定语从句，根据句意：重要的是，不要相信我们在网上读到的_。6. 【答案】worry 【解析】动词，与介词about搭配，且根据句意：人们_网络会影响社交能力。7. 【答案】without 【解析】介词，根据句意：如今我们如何离得开网络？ 课后作业：I. Find the word with a different sound in each group. （ C ）1. A. coachB. cheapC. schoolD. exchange（ C ）2. A. welcomeB. wonderfulC. wrongD. wait（ D ）3. A. closedB. stayedC.
35、livedD. stopped（ C ）4. A. grandB. channelC. shameD. traffic（ C ）5. A. riseB. noseC. houseD. theseII. 单选题1Grapes can be made _ wine.Is this bottle of wine made _ grapes, too?Sure. And it is made _ China.Ainto, of, forBinto, from, inCof, from, inDfrom, into, by2_ my visit to Europe, I finally arrived
36、_ Italy.AOn, inBOn, atCDuring, inDIn, at3The doctor will be free _ .A10 minutes laterBafter 10 minutesCin 10 minutesD10 minutes after4They will try their best to compete _ a race _ a prize.Afor, forBin, forCwith, inDin, in5It doesnt seem useful _ them to go on with the work.AofBforCtoDby6Its really
37、nice _ you to come and see me.AofBforCtoDfrom7The door closed _ itself.AforBofCtoDin8It was careless _ him to drop his watch into the river.AtoBwithCforDof9Since I came to China Ive known that about seven people _ ten speak Putonghua.AofBtoCinDabout10_ last month, Jack had been late for three times.
38、AByBSinceCInDFor11Lets walk over _ the sun _ the other side of the street.Ain, toBto, onCunder, toDby, at12They went to school by bike _ foot today.AbutBinstead of onCbut onDinstead of13I knew nothing about the accident _ what I read in the paper.AbutBinstead of onCbut onDinstead of14It is not alway
39、s east to tell right _ wrong.AorBbetweenCandDfrom15We walked _ Tian An Men square to the Monument _ the Peoples Heroes.Aacross, toBacross, ofCthrough, forDpast, to16The boat is passing _ the bridge.AunderBthroughCacrossDtowards17They will leave a week _ today. I do hope they can finish the work.AfromBonCbyDfor18
