1、第四章第四章 船员管理船员管理第1页，共46页。本章主要内容本章主要内容第一节第一节 STCW公约和我国海船船员值班规则公约和我国海船船员值班规则第二节第二节 船员管理立法船员管理立法第三节第三节 船员职责船员职责第四节第四节 船上安全管理规章船上安全管理规章第2页，共46页。STCW STCW公约和我国海船船员值班规则公约和我国海船船员值班规则The STCW convention中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则第3页，共46页。The STCW convention The STCW conventionInternational Convention on S
2、tandards of Training,Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers,1978The 1991 amendments-GMDSS The 1994 amendments TANKER CREWS The 1995 amendments-Major revision第4页，共46页。The 1978 STCW convention The 1978 STCW conventionAdoption:7 July 1978Entry into force:28 April 1984Contents:IntroductionChapter1
3、:General provisionsChapter2:Master-deck departmentChapter3:Engine departmentChapter4:Radio departmentChapter5:Special requirements for tankersChapter6:proficiency in survival craft 第5页，共46页。The 1995 amendmentsAdoption:7 July 1995Entry into force:1 February 1997 represented a major revision of the Co
4、nvention 第6页，共46页。The 1995 amendments-majority revisionnew STCW Code Part A of the Code is mandatory.The minimum standards of competence required for seagoing personnel are given in detail in a series of tables.Part B of the Code contains recommended guidance 第7页，共46页。The 1995 amendments-majority re
5、visionEnsuring compliance with the ConventionPort State controlTechnical innovations Training,certification and other procedures are continuously monitored by means of a quality standards system第8页，共46页。The 1995 amendments-majority revisionChapter VII:Alternative certification Regulations regarding
6、alternative certification(also known as the functional approach)Chapter VIII:WatchkeepingMeasures were introduced to prevent fatigue.Rest periods should be enforced for watchkeeping personnel.第9页，共46页。9595修正案的主要内容修正案的主要内容新增加的新增加的STCW规则规则：A部分为强制性标准；部分为强制性标准；B部分为建议性要求和指南部分为建议性要求和指南加强对符合规则要求的监督加强对符合规则要
7、求的监督港口国监控港口国监控技术改革技术改革船员培训、发证及其他过程建立质量体系船员培训、发证及其他过程建立质量体系职能发证职能发证值班防止疲劳措施值班防止疲劳措施第10页，共46页。The 1997 amendmentsThe 1997 AmendmentsAdoption:June 1997Entry into force:1 January 1999concern training for personnel on passenger ships.第11页，共46页。The 1998 amendmentsThe 1998 AmendmentsAdoption:9 December 199
8、8Entry into force:1 January 2003(under tacit acceptance)Aimed at improving minimum standards of competence of crews,in particular relating to cargo securing,loading and unloading on bulk carriers.第12页，共46页。中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则根据STCW规则编写1998年1月1日起实行适用范围：100GT及以上中国藉海船船员第13页，共46页。中华人民共和国海船船员值
9、班规则中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则主要内容：一般要求；轮机值班原则港内值班（甲班、轮机）驾、机联系制度健康适任要求第14页，共46页。基本规定基本规定STCW规则规则和和值班规则值班规则中对值班安排和应遵循的原则中对值班安排和应遵循的原则有如下基本规定：有如下基本规定：人员适任人员适任（1 1）每一艘海船，不得以低于主管机关颁布的船舶最低安全）每一艘海船，不得以低于主管机关颁布的船舶最低安全配员证书所列数目和级别的数额配备船员。配员证书所列数目和级别的数额配备船员。（2）负责航行或甲板值班的高级船员的资格应完全符合）负责航行或甲板值班的高级船员的资格应完全符合STCW公约公约中所规定的强制性
10、最低要求或可供选择的发证中所规定的强制性最低要求或可供选择的发证标准，使负责航行和甲板值班的高级船员的资格与其担任的职标准，使负责航行和甲板值班的高级船员的资格与其担任的职责相适应。责相适应。第15页，共46页。基本规定基本规定航次计划航次计划适用于值班的一般原则适用于值班的一般原则（1 1）船长和值班人员注意遵守航行和在港值班中应遵循的原）船长和值班人员注意遵守航行和在港值班中应遵循的原则，以确保在任何时候均能保持安全值班。则，以确保在任何时候均能保持安全值班。（2 2）船长必须确保值班的安排足以保持安全航行值班。在）船长必须确保值班的安排足以保持安全航行值班。在船长的统一指挥下，值班的高级
11、船员在他们值班期间，船长的统一指挥下，值班的高级船员在他们值班期间，特别是他们在涉及避免碰撞和搁浅时，负责船舶安全航特别是他们在涉及避免碰撞和搁浅时，负责船舶安全航行。行。（3 3）轮机长必须与船长协商，确保值班的安排足以保持轮机安全）轮机长必须与船长协商，确保值班的安排足以保持轮机安全值班。值班。保护海洋环境保护海洋环境第16页，共46页。Standard Regarding Watchkeeping-Watchkeeping In Port General Principles applying to all watchkeeping:the master shall arrange fo
12、r an appropriate and effective watch to be maintained for the purpose of safety.Special requirements may be necessary for special types of ships propulsion systems or ancillary equipment and for ships carrying hazardous,dangerous,toxic or highly flammable materials or other special types of cargo.第1
13、7页，共46页。港内值班的原则港内值班的原则船长必须安排适当有效的值班。船长必须安排适当有效的值班。配备足够的且具有熟练操作能力能够保持相关设配备足够的且具有熟练操作能力能够保持相关设备安全有效运转的值班船员。备安全有效运转的值班船员。第18页，共46页。Standard Regarding Watchkeeping-Watchkeeping In Port-PrinciplesWatch arrangements shall at all times be adequate to:1 ensure the safety of life,of the ship,the port and the
14、 environment,and the safe operation of all machinery related to cargo operation;2 observe international,national and local rules;and 3 maintain order and the normal routine of the ship.第19页，共46页。港内值班的原则港内值班的原则值班安排应始终：值班安排应始终：（1）确保人命、船舶、货物、港口和环境的）确保人命、船舶、货物、港口和环境的安全，确保所有与货物作业有关的设备的安全安全，确保所有与货物作业有关的设备
15、的安全操作。操作。（2）遵守国际、船旗国及港口国的有关规定。）遵守国际、船旗国及港口国的有关规定。（3）保持船上秩序和日常工作。）保持船上秩序和日常工作。第20页，共46页。Standard Regarding Watchkeeping-Watchkeeping In Port-PrinciplesThe master shall decide the composition and duration of the deck watch depending on the conditions of mooring,type of the ship and character of duties
16、.If the master considers it necessary,a qualified officer shall be in charge of the deck watch.The necessary equipment shall be so arranged as to provide for efficient watchkeeping.第21页，共46页。港内值班的原则港内值班的原则船长应当根据系泊条件、船型及值班特点决定值船长应当根据系泊条件、船型及值班特点决定值班人员组成和时间。班人员组成和时间。如果船长认为有必要，应安排一合格驾驶员负责如果船长认为有必要，应安排一
17、合格驾驶员负责值班。值班。为保持有效的值班应当安排必要的设备运转。为保持有效的值班应当安排必要的设备运转。第22页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-Taking over the watch Officers in charge of the deck or engineering watch shall not hand over the watch to their relieving officer if they have any reason to believe that the latter is obviously not capable
18、of carrying out watchkeeping duties effectively,in which case the master or chief engineer shall be notified accordingly.Relieving officers of the deck or engineering watch shall ensure that all members of their watch are apparently fully capable of performing their duties effectively.第23页，共46页。Watc
19、hkeeping Standard In Port-Taking over the watch If,at the moment of handing over the deck or engineering watch,an important operation is being performed it shall be concluded by the officer being relieved,except when ordered otherwise by the master or chief engineer officer.第24页，共46页。交接班的原则交接班的原则 ST
20、CW STCW规则规则规定：值班驾驶员如果有理由认规定：值班驾驶员如果有理由认为接班驾驶员显然不能有效地履行其职责时，为接班驾驶员显然不能有效地履行其职责时，不应向接班驾驶员交班，并立即向船长报告。不应向接班驾驶员交班，并立即向船长报告。接班驾驶员应确信本班人员完全能履行各自的职接班驾驶员应确信本班人员完全能履行各自的职责。责。如果值班驾驶员在交班前正在进行某种重要的操如果值班驾驶员在交班前正在进行某种重要的操作，接班驾驶员应在这种操作完成之后再接班。作，接班驾驶员应在这种操作完成之后再接班。除非船长作出相反的命令。除非船长作出相反的命令。第25页，共46页。Watchkeeping Stan
21、dard In Port-TAKING OVER THE DECK WATCH Prior to taking over the deck watch,the relieving officer shall be informed of the following by the officer in charge of the deck watch as to:the depth of the water at the berth,the ships draught,the level and time of high and low waters;the securing of the mo
22、orings,the arrangement of anchors and the scope of the anchor chain,and other mooring features important to the safety of the ship;the state of main engines and their availability for emergency use;第26页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-TAKING OVER THE DECK WATCH all work to be performed on board t
23、he ship;the nature,amount and disposition of cargo loaded or remaining,and any residue on board after unloading the ship;the level of water in bilges and ballast tanks;the signals or lights being exhibited or sounded;the number of crew members required to be on board and the presence of any other pe
24、rsons on board;第27页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-TAKING OVER THE DECK WATCH the state of fire-fighting appliances;any special port regulations;the masters standing and special orders;第28页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-TAKING OVER THE DECK WATCH the lines of communication available between
25、 the ship and shore personnel,including port authorities,in the event of an emergency arising or assistance being required;any other circumstances of importance to the safety of the ship,its crew,cargo or protection of the environment from pollution;andthe procedures for notifying the appropriate au
26、thority of any environmental pollution resulting from ship activities.第29页，共46页。交接班的原则交接班的原则接班的驾驶员接班前应当了解：接班的驾驶员接班前应当了解：船舶系泊状态；船舶系泊状态；正在进行的操作；正在进行的操作；污水井、压载舱的状态；污水井、压载舱的状态；正在显示的号灯、号型；正在显示的号灯、号型；船员动态；船员动态；消防设备的状态；消防设备的状态；港口特殊规定；港口特殊规定；船长命令；船长命令；对外联系方式及步骤等。对外联系方式及步骤等。第30页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In
27、 Port-TAKING OVER THE DECK WATCH Relieving officers,before assuming charge of the deck watch,shall verify that:the securing of moorings and anchor chain are adequate;the appropriate signals or lights are properly exhibited or sounded;safety measures and fire protection regulations are being maintain
28、ed;第31页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-TAKING OVER THE DECK WATCH their awareness of the nature of any hazardous or dangerous cargo being loaded or discharged and the appropriate action to be taken in the event of any spillage or fire;no external conditions or circumstances imperil the ship and
29、that it does not imperil others.第32页，共46页。交接班的原则交接班的原则接班的驾驶员接班前确保：接班的驾驶员接班前确保：船舶处于安全的系泊状态船舶处于安全的系泊状态明确正在进行的危险货物操作特性并采取适当措明确正在进行的危险货物操作特性并采取适当措施施没有威胁本船的外部条件，本船也未对外构成威没有威胁本船的外部条件，本船也未对外构成威胁。胁。第33页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-PERFORMING THE DECK WATCH The officer in charge of the deck watch shal
30、l:make rounds to inspect the ship at appropriate intervals;pay particular attention to:1.the condition and securing of the gangway,anchor chain and moorings;2.the draught,under-keel clearance and the general state of the ship;第34页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-PERFORMING THE DECK WATCH 3.the we
31、ather and sea state;4.the observance of all regulations concerning safety and fire protection;5.the water level in bilges and tanks;6.all persons on board and their location,especially those in remote or enclosed spaces;and 7.the exhibition and sounding,where appropriate,of lights and signals;第35页，共
32、46页。靠泊中值班驾驶员的工作靠泊中值班驾驶员的工作经常巡查船的四周、装卸现场及工作场所，特别经常巡查船的四周、装卸现场及工作场所，特别注意：注意：舷梯、缆绳或锚链的状态；吃水、富裕水深及舷梯、缆绳或锚链的状态；吃水、富裕水深及船舶状态；天气、海况；安全和防火规定的遵船舶状态；天气、海况；安全和防火规定的遵守情况；守情况；污水井、压载舱的状态；船上人员动污水井、压载舱的状态；船上人员动态特别是要元或态特别是要元或封闭舱室内工作的人员；显示封闭舱室内工作的人员；显示合适的号灯号型或声号。合适的号灯号型或声号。第36页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-PERF
33、ORMING THE DECK WATCH in bad weather,or on receiving a storm warning,take the necessary measures to protect the ship,persons on board and cargo;take every precaution to prevent pollution of the environment by the ship;in an emergency threatening the safety of the ship,raise the alarm,inform the mast
34、er,take all possible measures to prevent any damage to the ship,its cargo and persons on board,and,if necessary,request assistance from the shore authorities or neighbouring ships;第37页，共46页。Watchkeeping Standard In Port-PERFORMING THE DECK WATCH be aware of the ships stability condition so that,in t
35、he event of fire,the shore fire-fighting authority may be advised of the approximate quantity of water that can be pumped on board without endangering the ship;offer assistance to ships or persons in distress;take necessary precautions to prevent accidents or damage when propellers are to be turned;
36、and enter in the appropriate log-book all important events affecting the ship.第38页，共46页。靠泊中值班驾驶员的工作靠泊中值班驾驶员的工作在恶劣天气或收到风暴警报，采取必要措施保护船舶、人在恶劣天气或收到风暴警报，采取必要措施保护船舶、人员、货物安全。员、货物安全。采取一切有效措施防止船舶污染环境采取一切有效措施防止船舶污染环境在危及船舶安全的紧急情况，释放警报，报告船长，采取一在危及船舶安全的紧急情况，释放警报，报告船长，采取一切可能措施防止对船舶、人员、货物的损害，如有必要，切可能措施防止对船舶、人员、货物的
37、损害，如有必要，向岸上主管机关或邻近船舶求助。向岸上主管机关或邻近船舶求助。掌握船舶稳性，在发生火灾时，可以提供不危害船舶的注水掌握船舶稳性，在发生火灾时，可以提供不危害船舶的注水量。量。为遇险船舶或人员提供救助。为遇险船舶或人员提供救助。动车时采取必要措施防止动车时发生事故和损害。动车时采取必要措施防止动车时发生事故和损害。靠泊期间船舶的工作事项记入航海日志。靠泊期间船舶的工作事项记入航海日志。第39页，共46页。WATCH IN PORT ON SHIPS CARRYING HAZARDOUS CARGO The master of every ship carrying cargo th
38、at is hazardous,whether explosive,flammable,toxic,health-threatening or environment-polluting,shall ensure that safe watchkeeping arrangements are maintained.On ships carrying hazardous cargo in bulk,this will be achieved by the ready availability on board of a duly qualified officer or officers,and
39、 ratings where appropriate,even when the ship is safely moored or safely at anchor in port.第40页，共46页。WATCH IN PORT ON SHIPS CARRYING HAZARDOUS CARGO On ships carrying hazardous cargo other than in bulk,the master shall take full account of the nature,quantity,packing and stowage of the hazardous car
40、go and of any special conditions on board,afloat and ashore.第41页，共46页。中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则驾、机联系制度开航前：预计开航时间；油量；备车航行中：每班交换信息；中午报告；备车航行；紧急停车；等等。停泊中：船舶动态；起货设备；压载调整；加油；等等。第42页，共46页。中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则中华人民共和国海船船员值班规则健康适任要求安全配员防止疲劳：禁止酗酒：值班前4h内禁酒，血液酒精含量（BAC)0.8%安全用药，严禁吸毒。第43页，共46页。The STCW Code-Stand
41、ard Regarding WatchkeepingFitness for dutyAll persons who are assigned duty in charge of a watch shall be provided a minimum of 10 hours of rest in any 24-hour period.The hours of rest may be divided into no more than two periods,one of which shall be at least 6 hours in length.第44页，共46页。Standard Re
42、garding Watchkeeping-Fitness for DutyThe requirements for rest periods need not be maintained in the case of an emergency or drill or in other overriding operational conditions.the minimum period of ten hours may be reduced to not less than 6 consecutive hours provided that any such reduction shall
43、not extend beyond two days and no less than 70 hours of rest are provided each seven day period.5 Administrations shall require that watch schedules be posted where they are easily accessible.第45页，共46页。值班标准：适于值班值班标准：适于值班STCWSTCW规则规则在在A部分对值班人员的休息时间作了详细的规定：部分对值班人员的休息时间作了详细的规定：(1)(1)所有分派作为负责值班的高级船员或组成值
44、班部分的普通船员所有分派作为负责值班的高级船员或组成值班部分的普通船员应在应在24h内有至少内有至少10h的休息时间。的休息时间。(2)(2)休息时间可以分为至多不超过两个时间段，其中一个时间休息时间可以分为至多不超过两个时间段，其中一个时间段至少要有段至少要有6h。(3)(3)在紧急、演习或其他超常工作情况下不必保持第在紧急、演习或其他超常工作情况下不必保持第(1)段和第段和第(2)段规定的关于休息时间的要求。段规定的关于休息时间的要求。(4)(4)尽管有第尽管有第(1)段和第段和第(2)段的规定，段的规定，10h的最短时间可降到不少的最短时间可降到不少于连续的于连续的6h，条件是这降低不超过，条件是这降低不超过2天，并且天，并且7 天时间内提供的天时间内提供的休息时间不少于休息时间不少于70h。(5)(5)主管机关应要求将值班安排表张贴在显而易见处。主管机关应要求将值班安排表张贴在显而易见处。第46页，共46页。
