1、第10课 蒙古族的兴起与元朝的建立,敕勒川，阴山下，天似穹庐，笼盖四野。 天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊。,一、成吉思汗统一蒙古,1.时间： 2.人物： 3.结果：,1206年,铁木真,统一蒙古草原，建立蒙古政权，被拥立为大汗，尊称为“成吉思汗”。,成吉思汗建立蒙古政权后采取的措施：,建立了军事、行政和生产相结合的制度，平时生产，战时出征； 组建了一支一万人的护卫部队； 建立司法机构； 创制蒙古文字。,促进了蒙古的发展壮大,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
2、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
3、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,成吉思汗的历史功绩是什么？,统一了蒙古草原，建立了蒙
4、古政权。 1.结束了蒙古草原长期混战局面。 2.为后来元朝统一全国奠定基础。,二、蒙古灭西夏与金,蒙古灭西夏,求救,拒绝,攻 打,蒙古灭金,借 道,南北夹击,金朝灭亡之后，南宋和蒙古直接对峙的局面形成。蒙古军队南下进攻南宋，双方之间的战争前后持续了40多年。,三、元朝的建立与统一,忽必烈，成吉思汗的孙子，_年继承汗位，_年改国号为_，_年定都于_。,1260,元朝的建立,1271,元,1272,大都（今北京）,元大都平面图,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
5、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
6、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,忽必烈统治采取的措施：,接受了汉族儒臣提出的“行汉法
7、”“行仁政” “不嗜杀”的建议，施行“治国安民”的方略 ： 广开言路，整顿吏治，注重农桑； 设立各种机构，建立年号，定都大都。,1.元灭南宋,1276年 元军攻入南宋都城临安，南宋灭亡。,元朝的统一,2.元灭南宋残部,1279年 元灭南宋，完成全国的统一，结束了我国历史上较长时期的分裂割据局面，为统一多民族国家的进一步发展奠定了基础。,文天祥抗元,人生自古谁无死， 留取丹心照汗青。 文天祥,有人说：“既要肯定元灭南宋统一全国，又要赞扬文天祥抗元，这不是自相矛盾吗？”你是怎样认为的呢？,元统一的进步性是不争的事实。 但是元统一过程中对南宋发动的战争，使南宋境内汉族人民遭受残酷的压迫，导致民族矛盾
8、十分尖锐，这也是不可否认的事实。我们必须看到事物的两个方面。,文天祥的抗元，反抗的是蒙古贵族的民族压迫，与人民群众的愿望相一致，是正义行为。抗元失败后，又表现出宁死不屈的精神和崇高气节，理应受到后人的敬仰和纪念。 因此，我们肯定文天祥抗元，并不否定元统一的进步性，只是二者的角度不同。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
9、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
10、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1260年 继承汗位,成吉思汗,1227年灭西夏,1234年灭金,忽必烈,1271年改国号为元,1276年灭南宋,1279年灭南宋残部,1206年 建立政权,课堂小结,（2017云南昆明）“一代天骄”成吉思汗，是中国历史上的杰出人物，与他相关的史实是（ ） A.建立元朝 B.设立行省 C.统一蒙古 D.开凿运河,C,课堂练习,（2017四川乐山）时空意识是历史学科五大核心素养之一。与下图中对应的朝代是（ ） A.秦朝 B.隋朝 C.唐朝 D.元朝,
