1、中考英语语法专项复习 冠词中考考纲中主要考查冠词的基本用法、零冠词的情况、习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。卷面中冠词所占分值约为 3-7分左右，一般分布在单选、完形填空、短文填空及写作中。近几年中考对冠词的考查重点是不定冠词a和an的区别，定冠词及零冠词。对冠词的习惯用法的考查是主要考点之一，所以对此类用法一定要熟记在心。另外在学习中，应充分重视对最基本的冠词知识的理解、掌握，同时注意冠词活用的问题。做题时要弄清句子中的单数名词、复数名词或不可数名词及泛指、特指等概念。预计2018年命题趋势仍可能是定冠词与不定冠词的区别和冠词的习惯用法。冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的前面，帮
2、助说明名词所指的人或事物。它不能离开名词而单独存在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分为不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)两种：不定冠词一般用于单数名词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词(单复数均可)，又可修饰不可数名词，表示特指。1、 冠词的分类思维导图记知识点冠词的分类不定冠词a/an定冠词thea用在辅音开头的单数名词前面an用在元音开头的单数名词的前面在可数名词的单数或复数前面在不可数的名词前面英语中冠词有不定冠词a / an和定冠词the两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。冠词分类用法举例说明不定冠词a用在辅音开头的单数名词前面a
3、dogan用在元音开头的单数名词的前面an orange定冠词the在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面the apple/the apples2、 不定冠词a / an的用法思维导图记知识点不定冠词a / an的用法表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类表示某类人或事物中的任何一个表示“一”这个数量几个用不定冠词的习语不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如：There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)表
4、示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如：A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。)表示“一”这个数量。如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a
5、pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声)等等。3、 定冠词the的用法思维导图记知识点定冠词的基本用法表示特指的人或事物指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物复述前面提到过的人或事物same之前一般用the用在姓氏之前表示一家人用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面常用在乐器名称的前面在序数词和形容词最高级的前面用在表示方位的名词前面表示世界上独一无二的事物
6、几个用定冠词的习语定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。1、定冠词的基本用法：(1) 表示特指的人或事物。如：The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)(2) 指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)(3) 复述前面提到过的人或事物。如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：The earth
7、turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)(5) 用在表示方位的名词前面。如：There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地 区将会刮大风。)(6) 在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如：Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去？) Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)(7) 常用在乐器名称的前面。如：He began to play the violin at
8、the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)(8) 用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从没有去过喜马拉雅山)(9) 用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。 如：He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)(10) 用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月格林家要去峨眉山)(11) same之前一般用the。如：Lucy and Lily look the
9、 same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)(12)几个用定冠词的习语：at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。 2、一些不用冠词的情况：(1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：China is a very large country.(中国是个大国) Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水) (2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如：My pen is
10、 much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)(3) 周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如：He was born on Monday, February 18,1995. They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如：Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)(5) 三餐饭前不用。如：We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家
11、吃早饭,在校吃午饭)(6) 节、假日前一般不用。如：On Childrens Day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)(7) 球类名词前不用。如：The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)(8) 城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如：They are now at Peoples Cinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院)(9) 一些习惯用语中不用。如：(1)at / to / from / out of / af
12、ter / for school; (2) in / to / for / after class; in / to / out of / into bed; after / at/ from / out of / to work; at / to sea; in / from / down / to town; at / from home; at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; at night/noon/midnight; on foot; go to school/bed; on top of; in front of; on show/displ
13、ay/duty/watch; in / out of hospital; at all; on/in time; at first/last/once; in Chinese/English,etc.; take care of 考点一：不定冠词a / an的用法 典例1：【2017年山东青岛】Look!Thereisbottleonthetable.A.aB.anC.theD./【解析】句意：看！在桌子上有一个瓶子。therebe句型表示某地存在某物，所以当物体是可数名词单数时经常加冠词a/an表示类别。根据bottle以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故选A。【答案】A举一反三（ ）1、（
14、2016黄石）-What did you do last night，Bob？-First I did my homework，and then I played _ piano for half _ hour（）Athe；aB/；anCthe；anDa；the（ ）2、（2016广东）-Have you seen _ film Where Are We Going，Dad？-YesIts _ interesting filmAa； theBthe； anCa； an（ ）3.（2017绵阳）-Mary，whos _ man over there？-He is my uncle，_ Engli
15、sh teacherAthe；theBan；theCthe；anDa；an考点二：定冠词the的用法典例2、（2017沈阳）This is _ book I told you about yesterdayAa Bthe Can D/【解析】句意：这就是我昨天给你说的那本书“a、an”一般是“泛指”一个人或事物，“the”的一个用法是特指某个人或事物根据I told you about yesterday做定语修饰book可知特指“我昨天给你说的那本书”，故用定冠词the，故选B【答案】B举一反三（ ）1-Who is _ little boy in the photo？-Oh，Its me!
16、I was six that yearAanBtheCa（ ）2、_old man standing under the tree is _university teacherAAn；anBA；theCThe；aDThe；an（ ）3、I want to see Tiny Times_ second time because it is quite_ wonderful movieAthe； aBa； aCthe；/Da；/考点三：零冠词的用法 典例1： man in a black hat is my PE teacherHe often plays football with usAA；
17、theBThe； aCThe；/DA；/【解析】句意：那个戴黑色帽子的男子是我的体育老师他经常和我们踢足球根据句中信息可知，名词man被介词短语in a black hat限定，所以在其前面该加定冠词the在动词play后跟表示球类运动的名词时通常不要任何冠词故选C【答案】B举一反三（ ）1、(2016桂林)David plays football but he doesnt play piano ()A.，the B.the， C.a，the（ ）2.【2017年山东泰安】 Do you know _ girl with long curly hair?-Yes, she is Mary.
18、She plays _ tennis very well.A. a, / B. the, / C. the, the D. a, the单项选择1. (2017新疆乌鲁木齐 21)He is _honest boy. I want to become _ person like him.A. a；a B. an；a C. the；a D. an；the2. (2017新疆建设兵团 26)Do you know _ girl over there?Yes，she likes playing _ basketball a lot.A the；/ B. a；the C. a；/ D. the；a3.
19、 (2017内蒙古呼和浩特1)Last summer，my parents took me to the zoo. In the zoo we saw _ elephant. _ elephant was from Africa.A. a；The B. the；An C. an；The D. the；A4. (2017贵州黔南州21)Is Tony _ honest boy?Yes. I think he is _ most helpful boy in our class.A. a；the B. an；an C. an；the D. the；an5. (2017甘肃天水 26)Do you
20、know how to spell _ word “napkin”(纸巾) in English?Yes. It begins with _ “n”A. the；a B. the；an C. a；an D. the；the6. (2017四川达州 21)Do you like _ movie Dangal?Yes. Its_ educational movie. I like it very much.7. (2017四川成都 31)I want to be _ engineer when I grow up.A. a B. an C. the8. (2017甘肃白银、武威6)_ moon i
21、s very bright at night.A. A B. An C. The D. /9. (2017山东滨州21)Kate，are you _ only child in your family?Yes，but _ new baby is on the way.A. the；a B. an；the C. a；the D. the；the10. (2017山东东营16)In London，dogs and their owners can enjoy _ hourlong free bus tour.Wow! I hope we can also have such service in
22、Dongying.A. a B. an C. the D. /11. (2017山东临沂16)This afternoon my grandfather bought a magazine and a newspaper. The magazine is in his bag. But he cant remember where he put _ newspaper.12. (2017山东青岛 1)Look! There is _ bottle on the table.A. a B. an C. the D. /13. (2017山东泰安 21)Do you know _ girl wit
23、h long curly hair?Yes，she is Mary. She plays _ tennis very well.A. a；/ B. the；/ C. the；the D. a；the14. (2017湖北十堰26)I usually have _ breakfast at home. I think its good for my health.A. a B. an C. the D. /15. (2017四川眉山 21)Can I help you，Madam?I want _ interesting book as _ useful gift for my son.A. a
24、n；a B. an；the C. a；an D. a；a16. (2017 重庆A卷21)There is _ tall man in front of the zoo gate.A. a B. an C. the D. /17. (2017 福建 21)Jackie is such _ friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates.A. a B. an C. the18. (2017河南21)When will _ car race begin?Im not sure. Maybe next week，or maybe _ week
25、 after next.A. a；the B. an；the C. the；a D. the；the19. (2017黑龙江齐齐哈尔2)I have_ useful book. It is about how to play_ basketball.A. an；/ B. a；/ C. an；the20. (2017重庆B卷21)The boys often play_ basketball after school.A. / B. a C. an D. theKey:1-5:BACCB 6-10:ABCAB 11-15:CABDA 16-20:AADBA1. (2017江苏南通模拟 1)Jac
26、k is _ eightyearold boy and he goes to school on_ foot every day.A. an；the B. a；不填C. an；不填 D. a；the2. (2017浙江温州模拟 1)This photo makes me think of _ trip to the Great Wall last year.Yeah，we had a great time there.A. a B. an C. the D. /3. (2017天津模拟 21)Shenzhen is on _ coast near Hong Kong. It was _ sma
27、ll village many years ago.A. a；the . the；a C. 不填；不填 D. the；the4. (2017江苏连云港模拟 1)Donald Trump，_ 71yearold businessman，was chosen_ President of the US last year.A. a；a B. a；/ C. the，a D. the；the5. (2017江苏泰州模拟 1)Dangal(摔跤吧！爸爸)，_ Indian film，has become one of _ most popular films in China.A. a；/ B. a；th
28、e C. an；the D. /；the6. (2017江苏宿迁模拟1)Every evening my daughter plays _ piano for an hour.A. theB. a C. /D. an7. (2017江苏扬州模拟 1)They stopped in _ beautiful place for camping，near _ farmhouse of the Smiths.A. a；a B. the；a C. a；the D. the；the8. (2017湖北黄石模拟26)On _ Childrens Day，Jack received a prize for b
29、eing _ honest boy.A. the；an B. /；an C. /；a D. the；an9. (2017江苏镇江模拟1)May 10,2017 was marked as _ first Chinese Brands Day(中国品牌日). “Made in China” has come of age.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填10. (2017江苏淮安模拟 1)There is _ egg on the table. Would you like to have it?No，thanks.A. / B. an C. a D. the11. (2017湖北
30、黄冈模拟26)Hey，Li Ming. Do you have_ basketball?Yes，its over there，behind _door.A. a；a B. the；the C. a；the D. the；a12. (2017上海模拟27)Christine is selling her house，but on _ other hand she doesnt want to move.A. a B. an C. the D. /13. (2017山东潍坊模拟 21)What do you think of the boy?He is _ honest student today
31、 and_ useful man tomorrow.A. a；an B. an；a C. an；an D. a；a14. (2017湖北随州模拟 26)Lang Lang is _ famous pianist. He plays _ piano very well.A. a；the B. the；the C. the；/ D. a；/15. (2017广东模拟26)I went to _ supermarket to buy _ birthday gift for my aunt yesterday.A. an；a B. a；a C. the；/ D. /；theKey:1-5:BCBBC 6-10:ACBCB 11-15:CCBAB9
