1、Unit 12Life is full of the unexpected.Section A Grammar FocusReview and preparation Look at the pictures and talk about Marys day.overslepttook a shower got to the bus stop ran to schoolleft her backpack ran back to schoolgot back to school class started12345678Grammar FocusWhen I got to school,I re
2、alized that I had left my backpack at home.By the time I got to school,the bell had rung.Before I got to the bus stop,the bus had already left.By the time I got up,my brother had already gotten in the shower.When I got home,I realized I had left my keys in the backpack.一、概念一、概念过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一过去完
3、成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，也可能是时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，也可能是早已完成或结束，即早已完成或结束，即“过去的过去过去的过去”；也可；也可以以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。二、结构二、结构“had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词”过去完成时过去完成时三、用法三、用法 表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完 成的动作或存在的状态。句中常用成的动作或存在的状态。句中常用by,before,when,until等词引导时间状语。等词引导时间状语。它是以过去某一时间为起点，所以过去完成它
4、是以过去某一时间为起点，所以过去完成 时是一个相对的时态，表示的是时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过过去的过 去去”。只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时。只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时 才能用到它。才能用到它。例例:Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.当他到达晚会时，他发现大多数客人已经当他到达晚会时，他发现大多数客人已经 离开了。离开了。9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做；要学生学的知识，教职员躬亲共学；要学生守的规则，教职员躬亲共守。2022-8-102022-8-10Wednesday,August 10,2
5、02210、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2022-8-102022-8-102022-8-108/10/2022 12:52:47 PM11、一个好的教师，是一个懂得心理学和教育学的人。2022-8-102022-8-102022-8-10Aug-2210-Aug-2212、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。2022-8-102022-8-102022-8-10Wednesday,August 10,202213、He who seize the right moment,is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。2022-8-
6、102022-8-102022-8-102022-8-108/10/202214、谁要是自己还没有发展培养和教育好，他就不能发展培养和教育别人。2022年8月10日星期三2022-8-102022-8-102022-8-1015、一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计，莫如树木；终身之计，莫如树人。2022年8月2022-8-102022-8-102022-8-108/10/202216、提出一个问题往往比解决一个更重要。因为解决问题也许仅是一个数学上或实验上的技能而已，而提出新的问题，却需要有创造性的想像力，而且标志着科学的真正进步。2022-8-102022-8-10August 10,202217
7、、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕他们而组织起来。2022-8-102022-8-102022-8-102022-8-102、Our destiny offers not only the cup of despair,but the chalice of opportunity.(Richard Nixon,American President)命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。二二一年六月十七日2021年6月17日星期四3、Patience is bitter,but its fruit is sweet.Patience is bitter,but its fruit is swee
8、t.(Jean Jacques Rousseau,French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。10:516.17.202110:516.17.202110:5110:51:196.17.202110:516.17.20214、All that you do,do with your might;things done by halves are never done right.All that you do,do with your might;things done by halves are never done right.-R.H.Stoddard,America
9、n poet做一切事都应尽力而为，半途而废永远不行6.17.20216.17.202110:5110:5110:51:1910:51:195、You have to believe in yourself.Thats the secret of success.You have to believe in yourself.Thats the secret of success.-Charles Chaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Thursday,June 17,2021June 21Thursday,June 17,20216/17/20212.过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之
10、前发生过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生 的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去，去，常与常与for,since等词连用。等词连用。例：例：When Jack arrived,Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时。当杰克到时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时。My grandmother had been dead since November last year.【实战演练】【实战演练】用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。1.When I got there the bus
11、 _(go).2.By the time I got to class,the teacher _(start)teaching.3.We _(learn)over 1,000 words by the end of last term.4.I _(clean)the room before he arrived here.had gonehad startedhad learnthad cleanedby the time 意为意为“到到时候时候(为止为止)”，是一个介，是一个介词短语，在句中常起到连词的作用，引导时间状语词短语，在句中常起到连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。从句。例例：By t
12、he time you came back,I had finished this book.你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。（从句谓语动词（从句谓语动词came back 为一般过去时为一般过去时,所所以主句动作用过去完成时以主句动作用过去完成时had finished,表示表示过去的过去。）过去的过去。）by the end of+时间点时间点意为意为“到到结束时结束时”+过去过去的时间点，主句用的时间点，主句用过去完成过去完成时；时；例：例：By the end of last year,I had stayed in Xian for seven years
13、.到去年结束时，我到去年结束时，我 已经在西安待了已经在西安待了7年了。年了。By the end of last week,they had completed the bridge.(2)by+时间点时间点意为意为“到到为止；截止为止；截止时时”+现在的时间点，主句用现在完成时；现在的时间点，主句用现在完成时；例：例：By now,I have finished all my homework.截止现在，我已经完成了所有的作业。截止现在，我已经完成了所有的作业。+过去的时间点，主句用过去完成时；过去的时间点，主句用过去完成时；例：例：By yesterday,the building ha
14、d been completed.截止昨天，这个建筑就已经完成了。截止昨天，这个建筑就已经完成了。1.Tim went into the bathroom.Mary got up._2.The coffee became cold.I put cream in the coffee._ 4a Make sentences using by the time or before.By the time Mary got up,Tim had already gone into the bathroom.Before I put cream in the coffee,the coffee had
15、 become cold.3.The teacher collected the math homework.I got to school._ 4.I completed the work for my boss.The workday ended._ By the time I got to school,the teacher had collected the math homework.By the time the workday ended,I had completed the work for my boss.5.The movie started.I arrived at
16、the cinema._ 6.My mother finished making the apple pie.I got home from my language course._By the time I arrived at the cinema,the movie had started.By the time I got home from my language course,my mother had finished making the apple pie.By the time I arrived at the party,everyone else_ already _.
17、2.When he put the noodles into a bowl,he realized he _to add the green beans.4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.rush out forget arrive atgo into show up find outhadshown uphad forgotten By the time my mother came back from the market,I already _ the door to go for m
18、y piano lesson.4.Before she got to the airport,she _ about the earthquake.5.When she _ the movie theater,she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.6.Before she got a chance to say goodbye,he _ the building.had rushed outhad forgottenarrived athad gone intoExercises()1He asked me _ during the
19、summer holidays.A.where I had been B.where I had goneC.where had I been D.where had I gone()2.What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A.did,do B.has,done C did,did.D.had,done()3.I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A.learned B.was learning C.had learned D.learnt()4.She said she _ the principle
20、 alreadyA.has seen B.saw C.will see D.had seen()5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday,I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B.cooked C.have cooked D.was cooked用动词的适当形式填空用动词的适当形式填空1.We _(paint)the house before we _(move)in.2.That rich old man _(make)a will before he _(die).3.They _(study)the
21、map of the country before they _(leave).4.The robbers _(run away)before the policemen _ (arrive).5.I _(turn off)all the lights before I _(go)to bed.6.Paul _(go)out with Jane after he _(make)a phone call.7.Tom _(say)he _(read)the book twice.8.Our plan _(fail)because we _(make)a bad mistake.9.When the
22、 chairman_(finish)speaking,he _(leave)the hall.10.The Reads _ (have)lunch when I_(get)to their housewenthad madesaidhad readfailedhad made(had)finished lefthad hadgot按要求完成下面的句子。按要求完成下面的句子。1.She has gone to Shanghai.(用用by the timeI arrived here改写句子改写句子)2.By the time I arrived,Tom had finished the wor
23、k.(对画线部分提问对画线部分提问)She had gone to Shanghai by the time I arrived there.What had Tom done by the time you arrived?3.Jenny had already cleaned the room when I called her.(改为否定句改为否定句)Jenny hadnt cleaned the room when I called her.4.He had left before she could say a word.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)Had he left before she could say a word?summary What have you learned today?Enjoy yourself on the way to success!Enjoy yourself on the way to success.Master the grammar you have learned in this lesson.Learn to narrate one of your day.Homework
