1、肯定式肯定式否定式否定式I/You/We/They have finished the work.He/She/It has finished the work.I/You/We/They have not finished the work.He/She/It has not finished the work.构成：构成：have(助动词助动词)+p.p has(第三人称单数助动词第三人称单数助动词)+p.p 疑问式疑问式回答回答Have I/you finished the work?Has he/she finished the work?Yes,you/I have.No,you/I
2、 havent.Yes,he/she has.No,he/she hasnt.have not 常缩略为常缩略为 havent。has not 常缩略为常缩略为 hasnt。Have you had your lunch yet?Yes,I have.I have just had it.(现在我现在我不饿了不饿了)表示过去发生或已表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结在造成的影响或结果。果。I have already taught him some English.John has never been to the space museum.My boy has
3、 just started junior high school.现在完成时现在完成时常常与时间副词与时间副词already,never,ever,just,before,yet等连等连用。用。I.根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词空一词(含缩写含缩写)。1.My parents have come back already.(改为否定句改为否定句)My parents _ _ back _.2.The boys have been to Japan lots of times.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ the boys _ to Japan lo
4、ts of times?Have been havent comeyet3.Has your sister gone to the bookstore?(作肯定回答作肯定回答)_,she _.4.I have been to the theme park three times.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)_ _ times have you been to the theme park?5.The movie has been on for half an hour.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)_ _ has the movie been on?How many Yes hasHow
5、 long.根据括号中所给动词的提示完成下列根据括号中所给动词的提示完成下列句子或对话。句子或对话。1.I _(work)in this city for 7 years.2.How long _ she _(live)here?Since she _(get)a new job here.has livedhave worked/workedgot 3.How many words _ you _(learn)since two years ago?4.My mother _ never _(hear)of this man.5.Tom _(be)to China twice.havelea
6、rned/learnthasheardhas been 表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如连用，如“for+段时间段时间”、“since+过去点时过去点时间间”、“since+过去时的从句过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间一段时间+ago”。且。且for与与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。引导的时间状语可以相互转换。e.g.My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.=My
7、 uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago.Ive lived here since 1990 I havent seen him for three years.此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的 动词必须是延续性动词动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外否定句除外)。1.这本书我买了这本书我买了5年了。年了。I have bought the book for five years.()Ive had the book for five years.()2.你哥哥参军多长时间了？你哥哥参军多长时间了？
8、How long has your brother joined the army?()How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?()1.转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。成时。borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep2.转化为转化为“be+形容词形容词/副词副词/介词介词/名词名词”begin/start be on go out be
9、 out close be closed open be open get to/arrive/reach be(in)die be dead leave be away finish be overfall sleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friendscome/go/be+相应的介词短语相应的介词短语比较：比较：He has been to Beijing.他曾去过北京。他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿）（人已回来，可能在这儿）He has gone to Beijing.他已经去北京了。他已经去北京了。（人已走，不在这儿）（人已走，不在这儿）have/has been(to)表示表示“曾经到过曾经到过某地某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。回来。侧重指经历。have/has gone(to)表示某人表示某人“已经已经去某地了去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在这里。或已到那里，反正不在这里。
