1、 概念及分类动词动词：就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。动词从含义上分为：系动词、情态动词、助系动词、情态动词、助动词和实意动词。动词和实意动词。系动词：在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。情态动词：can may must 等及其过去式could might 等表示能力、义务、必要猜测和说话人的语气或情态，情态动词只能和主要的动词一起构成谓语动词。助动词：shall will have be should would do 等，它们只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态语态。Many of them gained weight.Many of them gained in weight.常见的这类实意动词
2、有 实意动词的形式大多数动词都有四种形式 现在式（do/does）过去式（did）、过去分词式（done）、现在分词式（doing）brush(against over)check(on)climb(up)cross(over)Jump(over）play(against)enter(for)fight(against with)实意动词的用法在一般现在时中在一般现在时中 当主语是第一、第二人称单数以及所有的人称复数和名词的复数时实意动词用（原形）Eg:I have a blue book.You have a blue book They have many blue books The p
3、andas like to eat the bamboo在一般现在时中在一般现在时中 当主语是第三人称单数（he she it）和单数名词时实意动词用第三人称单数（v+s/es）Eg She(he)loves pets.It lives in a house.The monkey climbs the tree 练习She _(like)bananas.The students_(go)to school everyday.My brother often _(watch)the football game.We always _(visit)our grandparents.The TV_
4、(show)us good programs.likesgowatchesvisitshows在一般过去式中主语+v过去式+其他Eg:He worked in a bank last year.在现在完成时中主语+have/has+v过去分词+其他Eg:I have lived here for three years.在现在进行时中主语+be+ving+其他Eg:I am doing my homework.含有实意动词的句型转换一般疑问句：因为句中没有be动词，所以我们要借助助动词do/does来完成一般疑问句。Do/Does+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他？其他？注：变换含有实意动词的
5、一般疑问句找找出实意词，考虑虑它的原形是什么，看看主语的单复数选选do/does变变肯定回答 Yes,主语+do/does 否定回答 No,主语+dont/doesntEg:I have a blue book.(变为一般疑问句)Do you have a blue book?Yes,I do No,I dontHe has a brother.(变为一般疑问句)Does he have a brother?Yes,he does No,he doesntMy brother does his homework before supper.(变为一般疑问句)Does your brother
6、do his homework before supper?Yes,he does No,he doesnt练习They like to play basketball（变一般疑问句）Do they like to play basketball?Yes,they do No,they dontShe wants to be a teacher（变一般疑问句）Does she want to be a teacher?Yes,she does No she doesnt否定句主语主语+dont/doesnt+动词原形动词原形+其他其他注：找找实意动词，想想原形，看主语，选dont/doesnt
7、 按结构变变Eg I have a blue book.（变为否定句）I dont have a blue book.She wants to be a teacher（变为否定句）She doesnt want to be a teacher.练习His joke interests me.(变否定句)His joke doesnt interest me.He needs your help.(变否定句)He doesnt need your helpI put the key in her pocket.(变否定句)I dont put the key in her pocket.第八章 花卉生产经营管理v第一节 概述(一)花卉生产的特点1、花卉生产的地区性2、花卉生产的应时性3、花卉生产的专业性与技术性4、花卉生产的集约性4、花卉生产必须周年稳定地供应市场5、花卉生产受国民经济发展总体水平的制约v(二)花卉产品的市场流通v生产者批发商零售商消费者v(三)花卉的经营方式 1、专业经营v2、分散经营v(四)我国花卉生产经营管理现状1、花卉生产的专业化程度不够2、花卉生产的技术水平不高3、花卉生产缺乏统一的规划4、花卉生产经营管理得到了一定的发展
