1、A组 20152019年山东中考题组,1.(2019青岛,1)Lucy, how about going to the ? Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure. A.library B.cinema C.museum D.concert,考点一 名词辨析,答案 A 句意:露西,去图书馆怎么样?听起来很好!读书能给我们很多乐趣。本题考查名词词义 辨析。答语中提到读书的好处,由此可知是提议去图书馆。故选A。library图书馆;cinema电影院;museum 博物馆;concert音乐会。,2.(2019滨州,27)Afte
2、r years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for . A.price B.noise C.peace D.course,答案 C 句意:数年的战争后,叙利亚的人民渴望和平。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据语境可知,经历过 战争的人们希望得到和平。price价格;noise噪音;peace和平;course课程。故选C。,3.(2018滨州,22)More and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera. Thats true. Its an important part o
3、f Chinese . A.culture B.invention C.custom D.influence,答案 A 句意:越来越多的外国人对京剧感兴趣。那是真的。它是中华文化的一个重要组成部 分。本题考查名词辨析。culture文化;invention发明;custom习俗;influence影响。京剧是一种文化,故选A。,4.(2018青岛,1)Could you please put some in my cup? Id like sweet coffee. A.sugar B.salt C.ice D.pepper,答案 A 句意:你能在我的杯里放点糖吗?我想要甜咖啡。本题考查名词辨
4、析。sugar 糖;salt 盐;ice 冰; pepper 胡椒粉。第二句说想要甜咖啡,选项中只有糖能使咖啡变甜,故选A。,5.(2018东营,19)Lets see what food youve got for dinner. Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and . A.milk B.bread C.coffee D.juice,答案 B 句意:让我们一起看看你买的什么当晚餐。看,我们有羊肉、鱼、鸡蛋、西红柿和面 包。本题考查名词辨析。milk牛奶;bread面包;coffee咖啡;juice果汁。根据what food可知,应选
5、B,其他三项 都是饮品。,6.(2018东营,24)Hi, Li Mei. How is your new school? Fantastic. We can choose the courses according to our . I love operas, so I took the Beijing Opera class. A.grades B.talents C.interests D.experiences,答案 C 句意:嗨,李梅。你的新学校怎么样?棒极了。我们可以根据我们的兴趣来选择课程。 我热爱歌剧,因此我参加了京剧班。本题考查名词辨析。grade分数;talent才能;i
6、nterest兴趣,爱好;experience 经历。由后一句可知,是根据自己的兴趣来选择,故选C。,7.(2018潍坊,23)The Three Gorges Dam produces for millions of people in China. A.electricity B.influence C.transport D.technology,答案 A 句意:三峡大坝为中国数百万人供电。本题考查名词。electricity电;influence影响;transport运输; technology技术。三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程,故选A。,8.(2017德州,26)Sam is doi
7、ng some about the ancient Silk Road. A.exercise B.operations C.research D.experiments,答案 C 句意:萨姆正在做一些有关古代丝绸之路的调查。本题考查名词词义辨析。exercise锻炼;opera- tion手术;research调查;experiment实验。根据题意可知选C。,9.(2017泰安,25)It is accepted by everyone that knowledge is the most valuable for human beings. A.standard B.treasure C
8、.invention D.instruction,答案 B 句意:知识是人类最宝贵的财富,这句话是被每个人接受的。本题考查名词词义辨析。standard 水平;treasure财富;invention发明;instruction指示。众所周知,知识是财富,故选B。,10.(2017烟台,23)Its dangerous to drive after drinking. Thats true. It can increase the of traffic accidents. A.advantage B.stress C.safety D.risk,答案 D 句意:酒后开车很危险。确实是的。它会
9、增加交通事故的风险。本题考查名词词义辨 析。advantage优势;stress压力;safety安全;risk风险。根据常识可知酒后开车会增加交通事故的“风险”,故 选D。,易错提醒 safety n.安全;risk n.风险。做题中往往会忽略increase而出现失误,此处increase是一个动词,意为 增大,加大。,11.(2017东营,23)Liangliang, are you active in class? Yes, but often I dont have to show myself in a sixty-student class. A.reasons B.chance
10、s C.choices D.abilities,答案 B 句意:亮亮,你在班里活跃吗?是的,但是在一个有六十个学生的班里我经常没有机会展 示自己。本题考查名词词义辨析。reason理由;chance机会;choice选择;ability能力。因为人太多,可以判断 没有“机会”展示自己,故选B。,12.(2016泰安,22)What do you prefer for lunch, darling? Id like such as tomatoes, carrots or cabbages. A.meat B.eggs C.vegetables D.fruit,答案 C 句意:亲爱的,午饭你更喜
11、欢吃什么?我想要蔬菜,比如西红柿、胡萝卜或卷心菜。本题 考查名词词义辨析。meat肉;egg鸡蛋;vegetable蔬菜;fruit水果。根据“tomatoes,carrots or cabbages”可知 要吃蔬菜,故选C。,13.(2016德州,31)Bill will be a/an to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics. A.guest B.reporter C.tourist D.engineer,答案 B 句意:比尔将成为在即将到来的2016年里约奥林匹克运动会中采访足球运动员的记者。本题
12、考 查名词辨析。guest客人;reporter记者;tourist游客;engineer工程师。根据后面的动词“interview采访”可知 应为记者,故选B。,14.(2016青岛,2)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a . A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever,答案 D 句意:Nancy量了量她的体温发现她发烧了。本题考查名词辨析。have a cough 咳嗽;have a toothache牙痛;have a cold 感冒;have a fever发烧。只有发烧需要量体温,故选D。,15.(2
13、016东营,18)Why do people never cut up the on their birthdays? Because they are a symbol of long life. A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles D.dumplings,答案 C 句意:为什么人们过生日的时候从不把面条切断?因为它们是长寿的象征。本题考查 对句意的理解和对民间习俗的了解。根据答句中的a symbol of long life(长寿的象征),再结合中国民间有过 生日吃长寿面的习俗,可以推断出答案为C。,答案 A 句意:足球爱好者们的好消息到2025年年底,在我们国家将要建设50
14、,000多所足球学校。本 题考查名词词义辨析。news是不可数名词,意为“消息”;message是可数名词,意为“信息,留言”;situation 是可数名词,意为“情况,局面”;information是不可数名词,意为“信息”。建足球学校这件事对足球爱好 者们来说应该是一个好消息,故选A。 拓展延伸 如果用可数名词message或situation,句子开头应有冠词a。,16.(2016东营,27)Great for football loversmore than 50,000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end o
15、f 2025. A.news B.message C.situation D.information,17.(2015青岛,3)Yesterday Lucy told us such good that we were all amazed at it. A.news B.ideas C.suggestion D.answer,答案 A 句意:昨天露西告诉我们如此好的消息以至于我们都对这个消息感到吃惊。本题考查名词辨 析。news 是不可数名词,意为“消息”;idea是可数名词,意为“想法”;suggestion是可数名词,意为“建 议”;answer是可数名词,意为“答案”。根据句意及设空处
16、前的such good可知设空处应是不可数名词,故 答案为A项。,18.(2015泰安,30)The Chinese saying“A tree cant make a forest”tells us that is very important in a football match. A.ability B.decision C.teamwork D.experience,答案 C 句意:“独木难成林”这句中国谚语告诉我们合作在足球比赛中是很重要的。本题考查名词词 义辨析。ability能力;decision决定;teamwork合作;experience经验。,19.(2015莱芜,22
17、)Jack likes watching .He can find out whats going on around the world. A.news B.comedies C.talent shows D.soap operas,答案 A 句意:杰克喜欢看新闻。他可以了解世界各地在发生什么事。本题考查名词。news 新闻;come- dy 喜剧;talent show 才艺表演;soap opera 肥皂剧。世界各地在发生什么事是通过新闻了解的。故选A。,20.(2019济宁,四,1)M is the day after Sunday and before Tuesday.,答案 Mon
18、day 句意:星期一是在星期天之后、星期二之前的一天。本题考查名词。根据after Sunday and before Tuesday可知是星期一,故填Monday。,21.(2019临沂,68)There are about 6,000 languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no is taken, some of these languages will disappear.(act),答案 action 句意:全世界大约有6,000种语言在使用,但是它们中的43%正在逐渐
19、消亡。如果不采取措施, 其中一些语言将会消失。take action为固定搭配,意为“采取措施”,故填action。,22.(2019泰安,56)Its good manners to keep your v down in public.,答案 voice 句意: 在公共场合小声说话是有礼貌的。在公共场合说话要小声,故填voice。,23.(2018滨州,79)On March 14th, 2018, the world-famous British (科学家), Stephen Hawking, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK.,答案 scientist 句意:20
20、18年3月14号,世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬 霍金在英国剑桥去世,享年76岁。本 题考查单词拼写。,24.(2017临沂,67)Mary and Tony are a pair of pet pigs. The two have recently got a special license so that their can take them for a walk. (own),答案 owner/owners 句意:玛丽和托尼是一对宠物猪。它们俩近期获得了一张特殊许可证,于是它们的主 人(们)可以带它们散步。their为形容词性物主代词,其后接名词。own的名词为owner主人。,25.(2
21、015济宁,五,4)Whats your favorite s besides maths,Sonia? History.,答案 subject 句意:Sonia,除了数学你最喜欢的学科是什么?历史。本题考查名词拼写。根据 maths和history可知谈论的是学科,故填subject。,26.(2015日照,61)Tianjin plans to start a smart city program to deal with t jams.,答案 traffic 句意:天津计划实施一项城市智能规划来应对交通拥堵。本题考查名词拼写。traffic jams交 通堵塞。,27.(2015烟台,7
22、2)In general, Chopin is a (piano)of great ability.,答案 pianist 句意:总之,肖邦是一位极有才华的钢琴家。Chopin是人名,故应填指人的名词,piano钢琴,pi- anist钢琴家。,考点二 名词的数和格,1.(2019临沂,18)If I leave my house at 9 oclock and drive to the airport, Ill arrive at about 11.So its about two drive from my house to the airport. A.hours B.hours C.h
23、ours,答案 A 句意:如果我9点离开家开车去机场的话,我将大约在11点到。所以从我家到机场大约是两个小 时的车程。本题考查名词所有格。表示开车大约两个小时的路程,所以要用所有格。两小时“two hours”,hours的所有格直接在后面加 “”,故选A。,2.(2017东营,29)Do American students also have lots of to do? Sure. But they do fewer memorizing exercises. A.sports B.surveys C.homework D.housework,答案 C 句意:美国学生也有许多家庭作业要做吗
24、?是的。但是他们做记忆练习比较少。lots of 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词,根据答语可知是跟作业有关的,故选C。,3.(2017泰安,22)It is five years since we began to enjoy a spring holiday each year. A.ten-day B.ten day C.ten days D.ten days,答案 A 句意:自从我们开始每年享受一个十天的春季假以来,已经有五年了。ten-day十天的,作定语,故 选A。,易错提醒 考生往往会受中文影响错选ten days,ten后的名词应变复数。,4.(2015临沂,19)I liv
25、e near the station. Its only about five walk. A.minutes B.minute C.minutes D.minutes,答案 C 句意:我住在车站附近。步行大概只有五分钟的路程。本题考查名词所有格的用法。以-s结尾 的名词复数的所有格一般在末尾直接加“”。此处表示“五分钟的”,应使用复数的所有格,故选C。,5.(2019临沂,64)In America, 95% of pet owners think of their animals as family .(member),答案 members 句意:在美国,95%的宠物主人把他们的宠物当成家
26、庭成员。本题考查名词的数。member 为可数名词,设空前没有冠词,故要用复数形式。,6.(2019烟台,69)Chinese (文化)has influenced the world for thousands of years.,答案 culture 句意: 中国文化已经影响了世界数千年。本题考查名词的数。culture在此处为不可数名词, 故用原形。,7.(2019青岛,50)Keeping English (日记)is a good way to improve English.,答案 diaries 日记“diary”为可数名词,本题设空前没有冠词,应用复数形式,故填diaries。
27、,8.(2018青岛,37)Teenagers should have more (机会)to make their own decisions.,答案 chances 句意:青少年应该有更多的机会自己做决定。more更多的,后面接可数名词的复数形式,故 填chances。,9.(2018 济宁,6)Its a good habit to brush your (牙齿) after a meal.,答案 teeth 句意:饭后刷牙是一个好习惯。刷的不仅仅是一颗牙齿,需要使用复数,故填teeth。,10.(2017临沂,63)How long does it take you to get to
28、 school? About 20 by subway. (minute),答案 minutes 句意:你花费多长时间到达学校?乘地铁大约20分钟。minute是可数名词,此处用 在20后,需要用复数形式。,11. (2017聊城,66)That means we have a better (机会)of winning.,答案 chance 句意:那意味着我们有一个更好的获胜机会。chance机会,空格前面有冠词a,可知应填名词 的单数形式。,12.(2016枣庄,63)If you want to speak English well, you need to have (谈话) as m
29、uch as possible with your friends.,答案 conversations have conversations with sb.和某人交谈。conversation是可数名词,前面没有冠词,应用 复数形式,故填conversations.,13.(2016枣庄,64)About 200,000 (游客) came to Taierzhuang Ancient Town during May 1 holidays. Its difficult to believe.,答案 visitors/travelers/tourists visitor/traveler/to
30、urist都表示“游客”,由200,000可知要用复数,故填visitors /travelers/tourists。,14.(2015临沂,57)By the end of the month, people in Beijing will be able to brush their (tooth)with water from Hubei.,答案 teeth 句意:到这个月末,北京市民就可以用湖北的水刷牙了。,B组 20152019年全国中考题组,考点一 名词辨析,1.(2019河南,33)For his sons birthday, Steven is taking him to th
31、e new movie as a . A.task B.treat C.choice D.visit,答案 B 句意:为了庆祝儿子的生日,Steven打算带他去看新电影作为特别待遇。本题考查名词词义辨 析。A.任务;B.特别待遇;C.选择;D.拜访。故选B项。,2.(2019四川成都,31)Sallys favorite is orange. I see. Thats why all her sweaters are orange. A.fruit B.color C.juice,答案 B 句意:Sally最喜欢的颜色是橙色。我知道,那就是为什么她所有的毛衣都是橙色的。本 题考查名词词义辨析。
32、A选项fruit意为“水果”;B选项color意为“颜色”; C选项juice意为“果汁”。由 句意可知本题选择B。 知识拓展 注意本题题干中的orange一词,orange作名词,意为“橙子,橙色,橙子汁”;作形容词,意为“橙色 的”。,3.(2019福建,24)What should we do for the camping trip? Wed better make a of things like foods, drinks, medicine and so on. A.list B.card C.report,答案 A 句意:我们应该为野营旅行做什么?我们最好列一张诸如食物、饮料、
33、药等物品的清 单。本题考查名词。list清单; card卡片;report报道。根据后面的like foods,drinks, medicine and so on可知, 此处是指列出一张清单。故选A。,4.(2019天津,23)The of this activity is to raise money for a new hospital. A.silence B.purpose C.culture D.language,答案 B 句意:这个活动的目的是为一所新医院募捐。本题考查名词词义辨析。silence寂静,安静;pur- pose目的;culture 文化;language 语言。由
34、句意可知本题答案为B。,5.(2019江苏苏州,3)Keep quiet, son!I need complete when Im working. Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again. A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength,答案 B 句意:保持安静,儿子!我工作时需要完全的安静。对不起,爸爸。我不会再制造噪音 了。本题考查名词词义辨析。trust信任;silence沉默,寂静,无声;control控制;strength力气。complete silence 完全没有声音,符合题意。故选B项。 思路分析 由题目
35、中的Keep quiet以及I wont make any noise again.可知爸爸工作需要安静,此处可通过上 下句的逻辑关系来判定,所以考生要注意句子的含义和语境的影响。,6.(2019广西北部湾经济区,34)In China, the color red is the of good luck. A.dream B.way C.symbol D.reason,答案 C 句意:在中国,红色是好运的象征。本题考查名词的词义辨析。dream梦想;way方式,道路;symbol 象征,标志;reason理由。根据句意可知此处应选C。,7.(2019湖北武汉,37)Dad,what is t
36、he loudspeaker saying? It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A.customers B.passengers C.members D.tourists,答案 B 句意:爸爸,喇叭里正在说什么?那是对乘客说的。飞往武汉的航班正在登机。本题考 查名词的词义辨析。A:顾客;B:乘客;C:成员;D:游客。根据关键词flight和boarding可知,此处应该是对乘客 们说的话,故本题选择B。,8.(2018安徽,32)What is the of your excellent spoken English? Pr
37、actice makes perfect! A.result B.influence C.duty D.secret,答案 D 句意:你的口语极好,秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!本题考查名词词义辨析。result 结果;influ- ence影响;duty职责;secret秘诀。回答的是学习方法,故要问口语说得好的秘诀。 知识拓展 practice makes perfect是英语谚语,表示“熟能生巧”。考生要多掌握英语谚语,培养语感。如: no pain,no gain不劳则无获。,9.(2018内蒙古包头,23)My teacher has given me useful suggestions
38、and I want to thank him from the of my heart. A.bottom B.condition C.way D.surface,答案 A 句意:我的老师给了我有用的建议,我想衷心地感谢他。from the bottom of ones heart 衷心地,符 合语境,故选A项。condition 条件;way途径;surface表面。,10.(2017上海,32)Did the policeman give much on how to protect personal information? A.note B.tip C.advice D.book,答
39、案 C 句意:那个警察给出了许多关于怎样保护个人信息的建议吗?本题考查名词词义辨析。note为可 数名词,意为“笔记,便条”;tip为可数名词,意为“小费,窍门”;advice为不可数名词,意为“建议”;book为 可数名词,意为“书”。由空前的much可知应填不可数名词,故本题选择C。,11.(2017重庆,24)Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week. Well, youd better take a with you, or you may easily get lost. A.photo B.stamp C.map D.postc
40、ard,答案 C 句意:Judy,下周我要在加拿大开个会。噢,你最好随身带张地图,否则你会很容易迷路 的。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据“在加拿大开会”和“迷路”可以判断应该是带“地图”。故选C 项。,12.(2017河南,23)If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, youve got a good of winning. A.choice B.chance C.decision D.direction,答案 B 句意:如果你努力拼搏,知道你是谁,而且你为自己感到骄傲,那么你就很有可能获胜。本题考查 名
41、词词义辨析。choice选择;chance可能性,机会;decision决定;direction方向。故选B项。,13.(2017山西,22)You should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody. It shows your . A.shyness B.politeness C.quietness,答案 B 句意:当你和某人交谈的时候,你应该看着他的眼睛。这体现出你的礼貌。本题考查名词词义的 辨析。shyness害羞,羞涩;politeness礼貌;quietness安静。根据常识可知,在与人交谈时,看着对方的眼睛是有 礼貌的行为。,1
42、4.(2016河北,29)Your is very helpful. I guess Ill take it. A.secret B.advice C.promise D.purpose,答案 B 句意:你的建议非常有用。我想我会采纳它。本题考查名词辨析。secret秘密;advice建议; promise承诺;purpose目的。对别人有帮助的应该是“建议”,故选B。,15.(2016河南,22)Are you going out with Jade tonight? Thats my . Mind your own! A.offer B.business C.question D.chan
43、ce,答案 B 句意:你今晚要和杰德一起外出吗?那是我的事,管好你自己吧!本题考查名词辨析。of- fer提议;business生意,事情;question问题;chance机会。mind your own意为“想自己的事,别管闲事”。也就 是这是我的事情,不用你管的意思。故选B。,16.(2016山西,16)During the next few days, I decide to have a good by taking a walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax. A.meal B.sleep C.rest,答案 C 句意:接下来的
44、几天,我决定通过散步或看电影好好休息一下。我真的需要放松。本题考查名词 辨析。meal一顿饭;sleep睡眠;rest休息。take a walk or see a movie指的是放松的方式,have a good rest好好 休息。,17.(2016重庆,25)Its hot today. Have some , please. No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all. A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes,答案 A 句意:今天很热,请喝点水吧。不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。本题考查名词辨析。由thirsty 可知设空处提到的应该是喝
45、的东西,只有water符合语境。,18.(2015天津,24)In 1998,Liu Xiangs in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. A.ability B.trade C.electricity D.memory,答案 A 句意:在1998年,刘翔在跨栏赛跑方面所具备的能力被孙海平注意到。本题考查名词词义辨析。 ability能力;trade贸易;electricity电;memory记忆。跨栏是一种能力,故选A。,19.(2015江苏镇江,4)After reading the novel Treasure Island,Paul has mo
46、re than before because of the main character,brave Jim. A.humour B.wealth C.luck D.courage,答案 D 句意:在读过小说金银岛之后,保罗因为勇敢的主人公吉姆而比以前更有勇气了。考查名 词。humour幽默;wealth财富;luck运气;courage勇气。由句子结尾处的brave Jim可知保罗受吉姆的影响比 以前更有勇气了,故选D。,20.(2015内蒙古包头,26)If you can speak English well,you will have a great over others while
47、 looking for a job. A.activity B.article C.agreement D.advantage,答案 D 句意:如果你的英语能说得很好,你在找工作的时候将比别人有很大的优势。本题考查名词词义 辨析。activity活动;article文章;agreement协议;advantage优势。have an advantage over sb.胜过/优于某人。 故选D项。,21.(2015湖北黄冈,26)Whats your favorite,Jim? My favorite is .I often listen to it on MP3. A.sports B.d
48、ance C.science D.music,答案 D 句意:吉姆,你最喜欢什么?我最喜欢的是音乐。我经常在MP3上听音乐。本题考查名 词辨析。由答语中的listen to it on MP3可知答案为D。,22.(2018浙江杭州,61)My friend came over last night to watch the v of the football match that Id recorded.,答案 video/videos 本题考查名词。句意:我的朋友昨天晚上过来观看了我录制的足球比赛的录像。注 意:观看的录像可能是一个,也可能是多个,因此单数或者复数都可以。,23.(2017四川成都,B卷一,2)Shell take her son to the d to have his teeth checked.,答案 dentist 句意:她要带儿子去牙医那里,给儿子检查牙齿。句中说要去检查牙齿,所以此空应填den- tist。,24.(2016安徽,91)Mary has developed a new way of life by gett
