1、大学英语（2）词汇学习 背（记忆）的问题：眼，心，手，嘴，耳。左脑:逻辑、语言、数字、顺序 右脑:曲调、旋律、图形、联想死记硬背=仅仅使用了左脑 右脑背单词=运用右脑的联想功能 输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是如果不经过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而经过了及时的复习，这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。单词刚刚背完时遗忘的速度最快，这意味着越是新背的单词，对他的复习密度就应该越大，而这时复习也最有效最容易。另外，单词越熟悉，遗忘越慢，这就意味着对于已经复习过几遍的单词，复习的时间间隔可以延长。心理学研究者确定了几
2、个比较重要的复习时间节点，分别是首次记忆之后5分钟，30分钟，12小时（半天），1天，2天，4天，7天，15天，30天 凡是理解了的知识，就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。愣是死记硬背，是费力不讨好的。比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料，而无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力，回忆的时候也不轻松。尽可能通过联想、想象赋予单词趣味性。roar:（vi.）联想“狮吼”咆哮 solemn:（adj.）联想“受冷”庄严的，严肃的通过构词法、拼写规则记忆 committee，cabbage,tomato,cotton,museum,common 对称记忆 Out of question,out of the ques
3、tion:差别在于单词the。有the 就有问题，没有the就没有问题。通过组词、朗读课文、阅读等方式记忆单词。Come and sit by my side if you love me.Do not hasten to bid me adieu（说再见）。From this valley They say you are going,I shall miss your sweet face And your smile,For they say You are taking the sunshine That brightens our pathway a while.Come and s
4、it by my side if you love me,Do not haste to bid me adieu,But remember the Red River Valley,And the girl that has loved you so true.Won t you think of the valley you re leaving?Red River ValleyOh how lonely,how sad it will be,O think of the fond heart youre breaking And the grief you are causing.I h
5、ave promised you,darling,That never will a word from my lips cause you pain;And my life,it will be yours forever If you only will love me again.经常复习，经常使用单词具有特异性的东西容易被记忆Turkey（土耳其）小写turkey 是“火鸡”。China（中国）小写china 是“瓷器”。平时通过日记、作文、翻译等途径寻找需要去记单词。看广告，浏览英文报纸、杂志，看带字幕的英文影视；生活物品的包装袋可边享用边瞄一瞄其中的英语单词。battery,sha
6、mpoo,Co.Ltd.laugh 大笑，smile 微笑，giggle 咯咯地笑，grin 露齿笑，smirk 傻笑，sneer 冷笑，cackle 咯咯笑，snicker暗笑，偷笑 delicious，yummy，toothsome，delicate，savory，tasty,appetizing,delectable,scrumptious,tasteful romance（浪漫史）,logic（逻辑）,typhoon（台风）,international（英特纳雄耐尔）,microphone（麦克风）,copy（拷贝）,cartoon（卡通）,hamburger（汉堡包）,salad（色
7、拉）,brandy（白兰地）,whisky（威士忌）,Moslem（穆斯林）,sofa（沙发）,cool（酷）,engine（引擎）,motor（摩托）,bar（巴）,Canada（加拿大）,laser（雷射）,golf（高尔夫球）,tofu（豆腐）hyphen 还分？连字符hermit“何处觅她”隐士 scrooge“死固执”吝啬的 howl“号、嚎”咆哮，大声哭笑 torrid“太热的”酷热的 lynch“凌迟”私刑处死 dolt“逗他”蠢人 appall“我怕”惊骇 gaggle“嘎嘎”鹅叫声ponderous“胖得要死”笨重的 taboo“他不“忌讳 sting“死叮”叮蛰 jabbe
8、r“结巴“说话不清楚 英文报中英文对照小说手机阅读软件（推手）阅读理解练习完型填空练习英文网站派生（Derivation）合成（Compound）转换（Conversion）缩略【前缀/后缀】【词性转变】前缀：一般不改变原词的词性，只改变其词义。后缀：改变了原词的词性，有时可改变其词义。前前 缀缀否定否定错误错误反动作反动作相反相对相反相对时空关系时空关系in-,ig-,il,im,ir,un-,non-,dis-,mis-mis-,male-,mal-,pseudo-,de-,dis-,un-,anti-,ant-contra-,contre-,contro-,ob-,oc-,of-,op-
9、,with-,ex-,ec-,es-,外部，外外部，外extra-,额外额外fore-在前面在前面inter-,intel-,在在间，相互间，相互intro-,向内，在内，内侧向内，在内，内侧medi-,med-,mid-,中，中间中，中间其他其他re重复、再重复、再over过度过度super超出超出tele远远vice副副en使使后后 缀缀名词性名词性形容词性形容词性动词性动词性副词性副词性动作者，人动作者，人-er,-or-ar,-arian,-eer,-man,-ees-ist,-ian-ant,-ent场所场所-ary,-ory-ics,-logy学科学科抽象抽象-al,-ance,-
10、ence,-hood,-ion,-ment,-ness,-ship,-sure,-th,-ty多，充满多，充满类似类似具有具有性质性质主被动主被动由由制成制成方向方向使使成为成为-ate,-en,-fy,-ize-ly,-ward,-wise-ful,-ous,-y-ern-en-able，-ible，-ive-al,-ant，-ar,-ary-ent,-ial-ic,-ory-ish-like-ly-some-less 无无 understandmisunderstand happy-unhappy happy-happily happy-happiness care-careful-car
11、efully care-careless-carelessly care-carelessnesscorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义反义独立的独立的词根词根adj.残疾的残疾的n.不可能的不可能的n.反义反义n.误解误解词根词根大学生大学生词根词根n.近义近义反义反义Words
12、 Buildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilityexpressioneducationwrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergroundundergraduategraduategraduationunderwaysubwaysubtitlealwayssidewaysn教育教育 表达表达O独立的独立的rootadj残疾的残疾的n不可能的不可能的OnSSn误解误解roo
13、t大学生大学生rootn地下的地下的地下通道地下通道地铁地铁副标题副标题总是总是pain-killer classroom newspaper school boyblackboardgreen-house pick pocket drive way over coat underclothes sleep walk heart beat headache handshake homesick snowwhite world wide good-looking hardworking second-hand warm hearted middle-aged fiveyearold sixinc
14、htall sunbathe（进行日光浴）smog motelbrunchnewscast heliport=smoke+fog=motor+hotel=breakfast+lunch=news+broadcast=helicopter+port water water v.浇水 hand hand v.递交 facefacev.面对 fool foolv.愚弄名词转换为动词名词转换为动词 dry dry v.使变干 freefree v.使自由 emptyempty v.倒空形容词转化为动词形容词转化为动词 take a walk have a look have a try cook烹饪烹
15、饪a cook厨师厨师 cheat 欺骗欺骗a cheat骗子骗子 turn转弯转弯 a turn 转弯处转弯处动词转化为名词1.He was one of the best _ in yesterdays football match.(play)2.Look!How _ Kate is laughing!(happy)3.It snowed _ last night and now the streets are covered with snow.(heavy)4.Edison was a great _.During his life he had many _.(invent)pla
16、yers happily heavily inventor inventions 构词法精练构词法精练5.More and more _ have come to visit China over these years.（foreign）6.We want _ reasons for your failure to help.(satisfy)7.Please give me some reference work.It will _ my task.(simple)8.The boy had the _ of being half starved.(appear)9.The police
17、have _ a plot against the President.(cover)10.The doctor said that Marys mother needed an _.(operate)foreigners satisfactory simplify appearance uncovered operation 11.She hoped that her son would become a _.(music)12.Few _ words made us excited.(speak)13.The days on the moon get hotter than _ water
18、.(boil)14.Thank you for your _.(kind)15.Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some money for their college _.(expensive)16.Most international _ letters are written in English,too.(busy)musician spoken boiling kindness expenses business 17.The boy noticed an _ m
19、istake on his paper,but he decided not to say anything about it.(correct)18.When in Rome,do as the _ do.(Rome)19.The teacher was pleased with her _.(honest)20.The mother didnt know why her daughter was crying _.(noise)uncorrected Romans honesty noisily 1.记单词时，眼到、口到、手到、心到。用几分钟时间仔细观察该词结构，找出特点，联想。2.适时复
20、习，不断重复。3.记与训练结合：日记、作文、练习、翻译、口语。4.特别注意容易拼错的地方，寻找各种办法加深印象。5.利用个人的最佳记忆时段背单词，切忌贪多，时间控制在一个半个小时以内。词义理解 短语理解 同义词辨析 固定搭配 领会式掌握4500个单词，以及由这些词构成的常用词组、固定搭配等。常用词组是考查的重点，要么出现在词汇试题中，要么出现在完形填空中，是记忆的重点。存在问题：广度不够，深度不够（多义、误用、搭配）The rain was heavy and _ the land was flooded.A.consequently B.constantly C.continuously D
21、.consistently转折：however,nevertheless,still,conversely,anyway,notwithstanding递进：besides,moreover,furthermore因果：therefore,thus,accordingly,consequently There is an undesirable _ nowadays to make films showing violence.A.directionB.phenomenonC.traditionD.trend They _ in spite of the extremely condition
22、s.A.carried outB.carried onC.carried off D.carried forward Important people dont often have much time as their work _ all the time.A.takes awayB.takes upC.takes overD.takes in Children and old people do not like having their daily _ upset.A.habitB.practiceC.routineD.custom The branches could hardly
23、_ the weight of the fruit.A.retainB.sustainC.maintainD.remain It was difficult to guess what her _ to the news would be.A.impressionB.commentC.reactionD.opinion1.Our manager is _ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.A.calling onB.calling in C.calling up D.calling for2.I must
24、congratulate you _ the excellent design of the new bridge.A.with B.of C.at D.on3.I was so _ in todays history lesson.I didnt understand a thing.A.amazed B.neglected C.confused D.amused4.The soldier was _ of running away when the enemy attacked.A.scolded B.charged C.accused D.punished 5.I caught a _
25、of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.A.vision B.glimpse C.look D.scene 1.Our manager is _ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.A.calling onB.calling in C.calling up D.calling for2.I must congratulate you _ the excellent design of the new bridge.A.
26、with B.of C.at D.on3.I was so _ in todays history lesson.I didnt understand a thing.A.amazed B.neglected C.confused D.amused4.The soldier was _ of running away when the enemy attacked.A.scolded B.charged C.accused D.punished 5.I caught a _ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the s
27、treet.A.vision B.glimpse C.look D.scene 6.The student was just about to _ the question when he suddenly found the answer.A.arrive atB.submit to C.work out D.give up 7.The plane _,its bombs exploding as it struck the ground.A.smashed B.crushed C.plunged D.crashed8.A completely new situation will _ wh
28、en the examination system comes into existence.A.arise B.rise C.raise D.arouse9.Most people who travel in the course of their work are given traveling _.A.income B.wages C.allowances D.pay 10.He will surely finish the job on time _ hes left to do it in his own way.A.in that B.in case C.as far as D.s
29、o long as11.Our journey was slow because the trained stopped _ at different villages.A.unceasingly B.gradually C.continuously D.continually6.The student was just about to _ the question when he suddenly found the answer.A.arrive atB.submit to C.work out D.give up 7.The plane _,its bombs exploding as
30、 it struck the ground.A.smashed B.crushed C.plunged D.crashed8.A completely new situation will _ when the examination system comes into existence.A.arise B.rise C.raise D.arouse9.Most people who travel in the course of their work are given traveling _.A.income B.wages C.allowances D.pay 10.He will s
31、urely finish the job on time _ hes left to do it in his own way.A.in that B.in case C.as far as D.so long as11.Our journey was slow because the trained stopped _ at different villages.A.unceasingly B.gradually C.continuously D.continually12.I hope that youll be more careful in typing the letter.Dont
32、 _ anything.A.lack B.withdrawC.omit D.leak 13.After several nuclear disasters(灾难),a _ has raged(上升)over the safety nuclear energy.A.quarrelB.suspicion C.verdict D.controversy 14.Before he stared work,I asked the builder to give me an _ of the cost of repairing the roof.A.assessment B.estimate C.anno
33、uncement D.evaluation 15.Her parents will never _ to such an unsuitable marriage.A.approve B.consent C.confront D.collide 16.In this company,this is not the kind of treatment I am _ to.A.in favor B.willing C.accustomed D.certainly17.We love peace,yet we are not the kind of people to yield _ any mili
34、tary threat(武力威胁).A.on B.to C.in D.with12.I hope that youll be more careful in typing the letter.Dont _ anything.A.lack B.withdrawC.omit D.leak 13.After several nuclear disasters(灾难),a _ has raged(上升)over the safety nuclear energy.A.quarrelB.suspicion C.verdict D.controversy 14.Before he started wor
35、k,I asked the builder to give me an _ of the cost of repairing the roof.A.assessment B.estimate C.announcement D.evaluation 15.Her parents will never _ to such an unsuitable marriage.A.approve B.consent C.confront D.collide 16.In this company,this is not the kind of treatment I am _ to.A.in favor B.
36、willing C.accustomed D.certainly17.We love peace,yet we are not the kind of people to yield _ any military threat(武力威胁).A.on B.to C.in D.with18.Jim was late again,but this time he couldnt _ the reason.A.interpret B.speak C.take to D.account for 19.As parents,you should treat your children _ as possi
37、ble as you can.A.patiently B.slowly C.certainly D.similarly 20.The students were participating international energy-saving competitions between towns in New England and Canada.A.for B.in C.to D.at 补充重点词语及短语：21.The newly invented machine is_.It refuses to work.A.out of date B.out of question C.out of
38、 order D.out of control 22.The construction of the railway through the mountainous region has been_by the heavy rain.A.held B.held on C.held up D.held in 23.Having a cup of tea while reading the newspaper is one of my favorite_.A.manners B.times C.occasions D.pastimes 24.Proverb goes that we should
39、never judge a person by this look.The little man was_more than one meter fifty all.Yet he was the chief manager of the company.A.nearly B.quite C.hardly D.almost 18.Jim was late again,but this time he couldnt _ the reason.A.interpret B.speak C.take to D.account for 19.As parents,you should treat you
40、r children _ as possible as you can.A.patiently B.slowly C.certainly D.similarly 20.The students were participating international energy-saving competitions between towns in New England and Canada.A.for B.in C.to D.at 补充重点词语及短语：21.The newly invented machine is_.It refuses to work.A.out of date B.out
41、 of question C.out of order D.out of control 22.The construction of the railway through the mountainous region has been_by the heavy rain.A.held B.held on C.held up D.held in 23.Having a cup of tea while reading the newspaper is one of my favorite_.A.manners B.times C.occasions D.pastimes 24.Proverb
42、 goes that we should never judge a person by his look.The little man was_more than one meter fifty all.Yet he was the chief manager of the company.A.nearly B.quite C.hardly D.almost 25.Though he claimed time and again that he had no intention to harm the girl，it does not alter the fact that he was t
43、he man for the death of her.A.accountingB.guilty C.responsible D.obliged 26.Not that John doesnt want to help you，its beyond his power.You shouldnt get angry with him.A.but that B.for that C.and that D.in that 27.He decided to make further improvements on the computers design the light of the requir
44、ements of customers.A.at B.for C.in D.with 28.If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not going to the doctor.A.put off B.keep off C.hold off D.shut off 29.In some countries，is called“equality”does not really mean equal rights for all people.A.which B.what C.that D.one 30.When a
45、fire at the National Exhibition in London，at least ten priceless painting were completely destroyed.A.stood out B.broke out C.stood up D.broke up25.Though he claimed time and again that he had no intention to harm the girl，it does not alter the fact that he was the man for the death of her.A.account
46、ingB.guilty C.responsible D.obliged 26.Not that John doesnt want to help you，its beyond his power.You shouldnt get angry with him.A.but that B.for that C.and that D.in that 27.He decided to make further improvements on the computers design the light of the requirements of customers.A.at B.for C.in D
47、.with 28.If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not_ going to the doctor.A.put off B.keep off C.hold off D.shut off 29.In some countries，is called“equality”does not really mean equal rights for all people.A.which B.what C.that D.one 30.When a fire at the National Exhibition in London，at least ten priceless painting were completely destroyed.A.stood out B.broke out C.stood up D.broke up
