1、第一讲细节理解题第一讲细节理解题考向变化考频阅读理解中的细节理解题相对简单，所占考查比例最大。主要考查：直接信息理解类；间接信息理解类；正误判断类；数字计算类；细节排序类。(1)2019年全国卷3套卷，1次考数字计算类细节理解题。(2)近3年来全国卷9套卷均未考查正误判断类细节理解题。考法1直接信息理解类Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself?AIn the army.BIn an antique shop.CFrom his mother.DFrom Adeline Rockko.答案A直接信息理解题。根据题干知道关键词Zac和
2、a Purple Heart medal可直接定位于第二段第二句Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Hearthe earned one himself in a war as a soldier.可知，Zac知道紫心勋章的意义他当兵时获得的。故选A项。技法1题干定位法考法2间接信息理解类Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?ATo reduce the cost of minerals.BTo test the life cycle of a product.CTo update consumers on new
3、 technology.DTo find out electricity consumption of the devices.答案D间接信息理解题。根据本段的第一句话“To figure out how much power these devices are using”可知，“Callie Babbitt and her colleagues”研究的目的是了解这些设备会消耗掉多少度的电。A项表示To reduce the cost of minerals.“减少矿物质的成本”；B项To test the life cycle of a product“验证产品的寿命周期”；C项To up
4、date consumers on new technology“使顾客们技术升级换代”，这些与“To figure out how much power these devices are using”不符。技法23步“断章取义”考法3数字计算类How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A20 minutes.B25 minutes.C45 minutes.D90 minutes.答案D数字计算题。根据题干关键信息how long和drive to Holker from Manch
5、ester定位到原文By Car部分中的Manchester1 hour 30 minutes可知，开车时间大概是603090分钟，故D项正确。技法3“加减乘除”法Food festivals around the world.Fiery Foods FestivalThe Hottest Festival on EarthEvery year more than 10，000 people head for the city of Albuquerque，New Mexico.They come from as far away as Australia，the Caribbean and
6、China，but they all share a common addictionfood that is not just spicy(辛辣)，but hot enough to make your mouth burn，your head spin and your eyes water.Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every March.You might like to try a chocolate-covered ha
7、banera pepperofficially the hottest pepper in the worldor any one of the thousands of products that are on show.But one things for sureif you dont like the feeling of a burning tongue，this festival isnt for you!考法4正误判断类La TomatinaThe Worlds Biggest Food FightOn the last Wednesday of every August，the
8、 Spanish town of hosts La Tomatinathe worlds largest food fight.A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the weeks events.The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoesofficial fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd
9、.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.BMore than 10，000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.CThousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.DAn exciting tomat
10、o battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.答案C正误判断题。由第二段第一、二句可知，这10 000多人中只有一部分是中国人，故排除B项；由第三段第二、三句可知，西红柿大战是该食物节的highlight(最有意思或最精彩的部分)，而不是在一开始，故排除D项；由第二段倒数第二句可知C项正确。技法4“对号入座”法干扰项特点正误并存：某个句子或词语正确，其他分句或词语错误或表达不全面。扩缩范围：改变或去掉限制性词语(如all，every，many，only a few等)，将信息中的范围、程度等加以改变，使选项看似正确。偷换概念：干扰项与
11、原文内容没有任何关系。(四川卷C)A schoolgirl saved her fathers life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic(过敏的)reaction which stopped his heart.Izzy，nine，restarted father Colms heart by stamping(踩)on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.Izzys mother，Debbie，immediatel
12、y called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father，so decided to use CPR.However，she quickly discovered her arms werent strong enough，so she stamped on her fathers chest instead.考法5细节排序类Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions(按压)until the am
13、bulance arrived.Izzy，who has been given a bravery award by her school，said：“I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasnt strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse.My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big
14、 footprint on his chest.”Whats the right order of the events?Izzy kicked Colm.Debbie called 999.Izzy learned CPR.Colms heart stopped.A B C D答案C细节排序题。根据第六段中的“My mum taught me CPR”可知，Izzy能实施急救是因为她母亲以前教过她急救措施，故的动作是最早的，首先排除B、D两项；再根据第二段中的“stopped breathing”第三段中的“called 999.so decided to use CPR”和第四段中的“she stamped on her fathers chest”可知，接下来的顺序是。故C项正确。技法5首尾定位法
