1、Discovering Useful StructureDiscovering Useful StructureUnit 3 The Internet Lead-inLook at the picture.Try to understand what the boy says.I was in hospitalI am still in hospitalUnfinished events that started in the past continue to the present.e.g.I have lived in Changsha for five years.(I still li
2、ve in Changsha now.)e.g.I have lived in Changsha since 2015.Review Finished events in someones life.(If the person is still alivelife experience)e.g.Have you ever eaten Sushi before?e.g.He has never traveled by plane.(he is alive)Review Finished events happened in the past and the impact of the even
3、t is now continuing.e.g.He has not done his homework.(Effect:His father criticizes him.)e.g.We cant reach Paul by phone.Have you seen him?Review It is used to with unfinished time words(today,this week,this year etc.).e.g.I have eaten lots of plumps today.(today is not over yet)e.g.We havent seen Ma
4、ry this month.Maybe she is busy with her work.Review Express an action that finished recently.e.g.She has just cooked dinner.e.g.I have a bad news.I have lost my job.ReviewStructure:S+has/have+past participleExample:She has completed the running.ReviewA past participle is a word that:is formed from
5、a verbis used as an adjective or for verb tenseprobably ends-ed,-d,-t,-en or-n.e.g.his painted skine.g.I have forgotten my lines.adjective(from“to paint”)verb tense(from“to forget”)ReviewReviewA-A-AA-B-AA-B-BA-B-Ccut-cut-cutcost-cost-costspeak-spoke-spokeneat-ate-eatenkeep-kept-keptbuy-bought-bought
6、run-ran-runcome-came-comeReview1Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb forms.Janes life has been greatly improved by the Internet.The Internet has improved Janes life.Read and compareThe first one is passive form,while the second one is active.has been v-edhas v-ed Much
7、 has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.Read and compareThe first one is passive form,while the second one is active.1Read the pairs of sentences.Underline and compare the different verb forms.has been v-edhas v-edHow
8、 do we form the present perfect passive voice?Fill in the blank.Verb formActive have/has+v-edPassivehave/has been+v-edRead and compareConclusionS+have/has+Past Participle(V3)+OS+have/has been+PP(V3)+(by+O)She has just read a book.A book has just been read(by her).ConclusionActive VoicePassive VoiceA
9、ffirmativeNegativeInterrogativee.g.She has prepared lunch.e.g.She has not prepared lunch.e.g.Has she prepared lunch?e.g.The lunch has been prepared(by her).e.g.The lunch has not been prepared.e.g.Has the lunch been prepared?2Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.PracticeEXAMPLE
10、:Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.1.I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.2.Someone has lost an identity card.An identity card has
11、been lost by someone.3.Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password?Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed?Practice2Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.4.Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file?Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file?5.Has anyone made a comment abou
12、t the online database?Has a comment been made about the online database?Practice2Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.Find out the differences in meaning and function between the active and passive forms.DifferencesActive Voicee.g.The Internet has improved Janes life.Passive V
13、oicee.g.Janes life has been greatly improved by the Internet.the doer of the actionthe doer of the actionthe receiver of the actionthe receiver of the actionThe subject(the Internet)of the sentence is doing the action.The action is done upon the subject(the Internet).Find out the differences in mean
14、ing and function between the active and passive forms.DifferencesActive Voicee.g.People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.Passive Voicee.g.Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.Meaning is more clear an direct.The tone is authoritative and subjective.Me
15、aning can be confusing and indirect.The tone is neutral or objective.We want to emphasize the action more than the person who performing it,because the action is more important.e.g.His watch has been stolen.The agent(行为主体)is unknown,unimportant or obvious from the context.e.g.This road hasnt been us
16、ed for a long time.We want to be formal,impersonal,academic.(like formal reports,description of the process,instructions,academic writing.)e.g.Much research has been done about second language acquisition.DifferencesKey words1.function /fkn/n.功能，作用 to fulfill/perform a function 发挥功能 bodily functions
17、 身体机能e.g.The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body.心脏的功能就是把血液输往全身。v.起作用，正常工作，运转 e.g.Despite the power cuts,the hospital continued to function normally.尽管供电中断，医院继续照常运作。e.g.The sofa also functions as a bed.这沙发还可当床用。Key words2.battery /btri/n.电池 to replace the battery 更换电池 battery-pow
18、ered/operated 用电池驱动的e.g.The battery is flat.电池没电了。recharge your batteries 养精蓄锐，休整 Key words3.confirm /knfm/v.确认，使确信 e.g.His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions.他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。e.g.Has everyone confirmed(that)theyre coming?他们是不是每个人都确定了一定会来？e.g.It has been confirmed that the meeting will take plac
19、e next week.已经确定会议将于下个星期举行。Key words4.press /pres/v.按，压，敦促 to press a button/switch/key 按下按钮开关按键e.g.She pressed her face against the window.她把脸贴在窗子上。e.g.They are pressing us to make a quick decision.他们正催促我们尽快做决定。n.报刊杂志，新闻工作者e.g The story was reported in the press and on television.这件事已在报刊和电视上报道了。Key
20、 words5.file /fal/n.文件夹，文件，档案 to access/copy/create/delete/download/save a file 存取复制新建删除下载保存文件e.g.A stack of files awaited me on my desk.我桌上有一堆文件等着我去处理。e.g.Your application will be kept on file.你的申请书将存档。3Read the poem.Then think of your own situation and write a similar poem.Look at the way your fac
21、e has been washedLook at the way your teeth have been brushedLook at the way your shoes have been cleanedYoud better do them again.Look at the way the flowers have been plantedLook at the way the grass has been cutLook at the way the paths have been sweptI hope that youll come here again.Read and wr
22、iteStrategyHow to Write a Good PoemWriting poetry is a way to convey emotions and memories without directly stating what you are describing.To write a good poem,you should:Choose the type of poem you want it to be.As a beginner,rhyming poems are a good structure to start with.Decide on a theme for y
23、our poem.Use descriptive language to convey emotions(metaphor,simile,.).Read and writeSample:Look back on when the exam has been failedLook back on when the chance has been missedLook back on when the success has been madeYoud better study harder.HomeworkLook for a short story you like,highlight the present perfect tense and tell the functions of them.Thanks!
