1、（简单句）（简单句）一一此句型的句子有一个共同特点，此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做这类动词叫做不及物动词（不及物动词（ViVi），后面可，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。i （不及物动词）（不及物动词）1.Time 2.The sun 3.The man4.We all 5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.He10.Theyflies.rose.cooked.eat,and drink.laughed?woke.talked(for half an h
2、our).walked(yesterday)is playinghave gone主语可有修饰语主语可有修饰语-定语，定语，谓语可有修饰语谓语可有修饰语-状语。状语。1.The red sun rises in the east.2.So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to pick fresh apple.4.She sat under the tree alone,reading a novel written by Hellen Keller.二此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：此句型的句子有一个共同的特点
3、：句子谓语动句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫做连系动词。能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫做连系动词。Linking-V(表语表语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face is smellsfell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary.good.happy.diffe
4、rent.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.Its getting cold.He looks very tired.Your soup tastes very good.Soon the child fell asleep.三三谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。整。这类动词叫做及物动词（这类动词叫做及物动词（Vt）。）。Vt 1.Who 2.She 3.He 4.H
5、e 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 8.He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer?him.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.宾语成分的多样化宾语成分的多样化1.Tom made a hole in the wall.2.I dont know if he can come tomorrow.3.They havent decided where to go next.4.She stopped tea
6、ching English two years ago.5.It took them ten years to build the dam.6.Mother promises to give me a present.四四谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。（及（及物）物）IO（多（多指人）指人）DO（多指物）（多指物）1.She2.She 3.He 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He passed cooked b
7、rought bought showed gave told showed himhim sister you her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.She brings me cookies every day.She brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me.用用to侧重指动作的方向，表示
8、朝着，向着，对着某人。侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。（需借助（需借助to的）的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask；（需借助（需借助for 的）的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare。五五动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完
9、整的意思，必须加上一个补充成不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。语，动词不定式，分词等。The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on.(及物及物)(宾语宾语)(宾补宾补)1.We 2.They3.Th
10、ey 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.We painted the window frames yellow.She dyed her dress light blue.He found the job quite interesting.Wha
11、t made you so angry?We must get the supper ready in half an hour.You must keep the room clean.Soon they set her free.I dont think it necessary.除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语修饰语而加而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、
12、不定式短语型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。和分词短语）。We found the hall full.我们发现礼堂坐满了。我们发现礼堂坐满了。We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。个重要
13、报告。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。要报告。不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型掌握动词的类型。以。以 get 为为例：例：Hes getting angry.(S V P)He got through the window.(S V O)Youll get a surprise.(S V O)He got his shoes and socks wet.(S V O C)He got himself into trouble.(S V O C)He got her a splendid present.(S V IO DO)
