1、Discovering Useful Structures Unit 5 Languages Around the world ReviewChina is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modem times,despite the many ups and downs in its history.There are many reasons why this has been possible,but one of the main factor
2、s has been the Chinese writing system.How is ancient Chinese civilisation described?Restrictive Relative ClausesLets review restrictive relative clauses.modify a noun or pronounprovide specific inforamtionbe introduced by relative pronounsRestrictive relative clauses canthat,which,who,whom,whose 1.E
3、mperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.2.Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.3.People in modern times can read the classic works whi
4、ch were written by Chinese in ancient times.Find more restrictive relative clauses in the passage we have learnt.PresentationFind more restrictive relative clauses in the passage we have learnt.4.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longguanimal bones and shells on which symbols were c
5、arved.5.It was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.1.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.2.Written Chinese has also become an impo
6、rtant means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.3.People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.What do“which”,“where”,and“when”refer to in each sentence?Presentation4.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu animal b
7、ones and shells on which symbols were carved.5.It was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.What do“which”,“where”,and“when”refer to in each sentence?1.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the C
8、hinese writing system began to develop in one direction.2.Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.What kind of information does each clause communicate?Presentationa location for an event a way for an event 4.It dates back several thousan
9、d years to the use of longguanimal bones and shells on which symbols were carved.5.It was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.Find more restrictive relative clauses in the passage we have learnt.a location for an event a time for an eve
10、nt Complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause and make complete sentences.Practicethe daywhenthe earthquake happenedI was on holiday the day when the earthquake happened.the placewheremy friends livesShe works near the place where my friend lives.the reasonwhyI didnt get a pay-riseI don
11、t know the reason why I didnt get a pay-rise.the place/timein/at whichI found grandmas glassesThis is the cupboard in which I found Grandpas glasses.一、一、定义：定义：限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是是定语从句的分支之一。定语从句的分支之一。限制性限制性定语从句表现为先行词在意义上是不可缺少的定定语从句表现为先行词在意义上是不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义。这种从句这种从句和主
12、句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。二、二、先行词：先行词：被修饰的名词被修饰的名词、名词词组、名词词组、代词代词三、三、引导词：引导词：关系代词：关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that 关系副词：关系副词：when,where,why SummaryRestrictive Relative Clauses四、四、关系副词关系副词when,where,why的用法的用法关系副词引导关系副词引导限制性限制性定语从句时，既引导从句，定语从句时，既引导从句，又在从句中充当状语又在从句中充当状语。1.where 表示地点，只能跟在表地点
13、或场合的表示地点，只能跟在表地点或场合的名词后。相当于名词后。相当于in/at which。注意：注意：where不在从句中作主语或宾语。不在从句中作主语或宾语。例：例：Please leave the book at the place where it was.=Please leave the book at the place in which it was.2.when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。相当于相当于on/in/at which.例：例：I shall never forget the day when we first met in
14、a park.=I shall never forget the day on which we first met in a park.3.why表示原因，通常跟在表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语后引导定语从句。相当于从句。相当于for which.例：例：This is the reason why he cried.=This is the reason for which he cried.例：例：This is the place where he works.This is the place which/that we visited last year.That was
15、 the time when he arrived.Do you still remember the time that/which we spent together?This is the reason why/for which he went.The reason that/which he gave us was quite reasonable.五、五、when,where,why与与that,which的区分的区分指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作作状语时用状语时用when，where或或why；而；而作主语或宾作主语或宾语语时时，要
16、要用用which或或that。When I started studying German,it was a struggle.The words felt strange on my tongue and the grammar would not stay in my head.I told my mum that I wanted to give up,and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken.My mum told me that studying a language was not just for m
17、y future.It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow.And I remember that day _ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language.It felt like my brain had doubled in size.I had finally come to a place _ I could think in this foreign language,
18、and I could see the world from a different point of view.I felt as if I had reached the goal _ I had been fighting for.I could open a book and see meanings,not just a sea of words.I finally understood the reason _ my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Complete the passage with the correct relative
19、 adverbs or pronouns.where/in which when/on which where/at which that/which why ProductionHi,Anne.I arrived in Sri Lanka last week and Im staying with the people(1)_ I met in London.Sri Lanka is a wonderful place.We visited a national park(2)_ is home to elephants and other animals(3)_ are in danger
20、 of extinction.We saw a female elephant(4)_ baby was only two hours old;but you have to be careful not to go too close(5)_ there is a baby,or the mother may attack you.I saw so much wildlife(6)_ Id read in books.My favorite were the giant butterflies(7)_ wings were green and blue.The only time I fel
21、t worried was(8)_ we went into a forest(9)_ snakes live.Then I understood(10)_ we had been told to wear strong shoes.whomwhichthatwhosewhereabout which whosewhenin whichwhyFinish the Email with proper words.Work in pairs.Finish the dialogues.A:What kind of day makes you happy?A:Whats your favourite place at school?A:What kind of teachers do you like best?A:Who do you admire most?Why?B:Its a day when.B:Its.,because it is a place where.B:I like teachers who.B:I admire.Thats the reason why.
