1、Part 1基础巩固基础巩固1._ n.十亿十亿2._ adj.出生的；本地；土著的出生的；本地；土著的 n.本地人本地人3._ n.态度；看法态度；看法4._ n.体系；制度；系统体系；制度；系统5._ prep.即使；尽管即使；尽管6._ n.因素；要素因素；要素7._ n.骨头；骨（质）骨头；骨（质）8._ n.壳；壳状物壳；壳状物9._ n.符号；象征符号；象征10._ vt.&vi.雕刻雕刻billionnativeattitudesystemdespitefactorboneshellsymbolcarve11._ n.王朝；朝代王朝；朝代12._ n.地方话；方言地方话；方言13
2、._ n.方式；方法；途径方式；方法；途径14._ n.尊重；关注尊重；关注 vt.把把视为；看待视为；看待15._ n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点文字；符号；角色；品质；特点16._ n.书法；书法世界书法；书法世界17._ adj.全球的；全世界的全球的；全世界的18._ n.公共事务；事件；关系公共事务；事件；关系19._ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的特定的；明确的；具体的20._ 公元公元dynasty dialectmeansregardcharactercalligraphyglobalaffairspecificCE21._ n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗斗争；奋斗；搏斗22.
3、_ n.舌头；语言舌头；语言23._ n.学期学期24._ n.汽油；气体；燃气汽油；气体；燃气25._ n.汽油汽油 26._ n.地铁地铁(BrE underground)27._ n.公寓套房公寓套房28._ n.(BrE)内裤；短裤；内裤；短裤；(NAmE)裤子裤子29._ vt.恳求；祈求；哀求恳求；祈求；哀求30._ n.间隔；开口；差距间隔；开口；差距tonguesemestergaspetrolsubwayapartmentpantsbeggapstruggle31._ n.词汇词汇32._ n.朝鲜朝鲜(或韩国或韩国)语；朝鲜语；朝鲜(或韩国或韩国)人人 adj.朝鲜朝鲜(或
4、韩国或韩国)的的33._ n.丹麦语；丹麦人丹麦语；丹麦人 adj.丹麦的丹麦的34._ n.丹麦丹麦(国家名国家名)35._ n.阿拉伯语阿拉伯语 adj.阿拉伯语的；阿拉伯文学的阿拉伯语的；阿拉伯文学的Korean Danish Denmark Arabic vocabulary1.refer vi.提到；参考；查阅提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫查询；叫救助于救助于 _ n.指称关系；参考指称关系；参考2.base vt.以以为据点；以为据点；以为基础为基础 n.底部；根据底部；根据 _ adj.以以(某事某事)为基础的；为基础的；以以为重要为重要部分部分(或特征或特征)的的 _ n.基
5、础基础 _ adj.基本的基本的 _ adv.主要地；基本上主要地；基本上referencebasedbasisbasicbasically3.variety n.(植物、语言等的植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化变体；异体；多样化 _ vt.&vi.使不同使不同 _ adj.各种各样的各种各样的4.major adj.主要；主要；重要的；大的重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究主修；专门研究 _ n.大多数；大半大多数；大半5.classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n.经典作品；名著经典作品；名著 _ adj.古典的
6、；经典的；传统的古典的；经典的；传统的6.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值增值 _ n.欣赏；感激欣赏；感激varyvariousmajorityclassicalappreciation7.equal n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的相同的；同样的 _ adv.同样地；相等地同样地；相等地 _ n.平等；相等平等；相等 8.demand n.要求；需求要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要强烈要求；需要 vi.查问查问 _ adj.(工作工作)要求高的；要求高的；(人人)苛求的苛求的9.describe vt.描述描述
7、 _ n.描写描写(文字文字)；形容；形容10.relate vt.联系；讲述联系；讲述 _ n.关系；联系关系；联系 _ adj.相关的；有联系的相关的；有联系的equallyequalitydemandingdescriptionrelationrelated1._ 注意注意2._ 既不既不也不也不3._ 追溯到追溯到4._ 不再不再5._ 在在扮演扮演重要角色；发挥重要作用重要角色；发挥重要作用6._ 提到；指的是；描述；查阅提到；指的是；描述；查阅7._ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱浮沉；兴衰；荣辱8._ 观点；看法观点；看法 pay attention toneithernordate back
8、(to)no longerplay a great role inrefer toups and downspoint of view9._ 有困难有困难10._与与相关；涉及；谈到相关；涉及；谈到11._ 感觉像感觉像12._导致导致13._ 过去常常过去常常have problems/trouble withrelate tofeel likelead toused to1.Over the years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographic
9、ally,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(P62)It was a time when 这这/那是一个那是一个的时期的时期2.Even today,no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing.(P62)no matter where 无论在哪里无论在哪里 “no matter+疑问词疑问词”引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句3.It was exercise
10、 for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow.(P64)the more the more the+比较级，比较级，the+比较级比较级 越越就越就越Part 2重点突破重点突破1.base vt.以以为据点；以为据点；以为基础为基础 n.底部；根据底部；根据 based adj.以以(某事某事)为基础的；为基础的；以以为重要为重要部分部分(或特征或特征)的的 At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.(P6
11、2)base.on/upon.把把建立在建立在基础之上基础之上be based on.以以为基础为基础on the base of 以以为基础为基础at the base of.在在的底部的底部basis n 根据；基础根据；基础 basic adj.基础的基础的basically adv.主要地；基本上主要地；基本上【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)他的理论是以科学实验为基础的。他的理论是以科学实验为基础的。2)这部电影是以一个真实的故事为基础的。这部电影是以一个真实的故事为基础的。This movie is based on/upon a true story.He based
12、his theory on/upon scientific experiments.按要求改写按要求改写句子。句子。The novel was based on an interesting story and it was well worth reading._,the novel was well worth reading.(分词短语作状语分词短语作状语)The novel _ was very worth reading.(分词短语作定语分词短语作定语)based on an interesting storyBased on an interesting story2.variet
13、y n.(植物、语言等的植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化变体；异体；多样化 Over the years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(P62)vary vt&vi.使不同使不同various adj.各种各样的各种各样的a variety of=varieties of 种类繁多的种类繁多的vary fromto 从从
14、到到不等；不等；在在到到之间变动之间变动for various reasons 由于种种原因由于种种原因 【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语法填空1)Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to _(vary)age groups.(2020天津天津 阅读理解阅读理解A)2)Other _(vary)of multigenerational family are more common.(2020全国卷全国卷III 阅读理解阅读理解C)3)In the botanical garden,we can find a
15、_(vary)of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.varietiesvariousvariety按要求改写按要求改写句子。句子。Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.Our school has built a new stadium,_ _ well-equipped facilities.(定语从句定语从句)which has a varietyof/varieties of/various3.me
16、ans n.方式；方法；途径；手段方式；方法；途径；手段 Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.(P62)by this means 通过这种方法通过这种方法by means of 依靠依靠办法办法,借助借助手段手段by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means 绝不绝不,一点也不一点也不(放句首时，用部分倒装放句首时，用部分倒装)a means of communicatio
17、n 一种通讯一种通讯/交流工具交流工具mean v.意思是；打算意思是；打算mean to do sth.打算做某事打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事意味着做某事【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)We express our thoughts by means _ words and body language.2)Some researchers point out that daydreaming is _ means of relaxation.3)Instead,our results suggest that the successful dogs
18、 realized that a smiling mouth _(mean)the same thing as smiling eyes,and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.(2021浙江阅读理解浙江阅读理解C)ofameans4)By no means _ Jane _(agree)to go hiking this weekend just because she has too much work to do.同义句转换。同义句转换。He was by no m
19、eans able to handle it.(将将by no means 放在句首放在句首)By no means was he able to handle it.will agree4.regard n.尊重；关注尊重；关注 vt.把把视为；看视为；看 The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy,which has become an import
20、ant part of Chinese culture.(P62)regard for 对对的尊重的尊重give ones regards(to sb.)代某人代某人(向某人向某人)问好问好regard/consideras 把把看作看作with/in regard to 关于；至于关于；至于have high regard for 高度关注高度关注【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Please give my _(regard)to your mother if you see her.2)He has no regard _ other peoples feeling.3
21、)Mountains are regarded _ spiritual places by many cultures.4)With regard _ my favorite Chinese poet.Id like to introduce Li Bai to you.regardsforasto5.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值增值 As China plays a greater role in global affairs,an increasing number of international students are begi
22、nning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.(P62)appreciateappreciate your help 感激你的帮助感激你的帮助I would appreciate it if 如果如果，我将不胜感激，我将不胜感激 appreciate doing sth.愿意做某事愿意做某事appreciation n.感激感激express ones appreciation/thanks to sb.for sth.对某人表达感激之情对某人表达感激之情【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空
23、。单句语法填空。1)Here I sincerely express my _(appreciate)if you could help find the lost suitcase.2)I would appreciate _ if you would set aside the whole day on March 3 so that I can meet with you.3)I would appreciate you _(call)back this afternoon.appreciationitcalling根据汉语提示完成句子。根据汉语提示完成句子。For many stude
24、nts,Wilsons help is not only _(感激感激),its also entirely necessary for them to be able to complete their college education.(2019北京北京 完形填空完形填空)appreciated6.struggle n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗斗争；奋斗；搏斗 When I started studying German,it was a struggle.(P64)struggle to do sth.努力做某事努力做某事struggle for 为为而斗争而斗争struggle to
25、 ones feet 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来struggle with(against)与与作斗争作斗争,同同搏斗搏斗【语境运用语境运用】单句语法填空单句语法填空1)Shes struggling _(bring)up a family alone.2)Millions of people are struggling _ survival.3)John struggled _ cancer for two years.4)Police said there were no signs of a _(struggle).to bringforagainst/withstruggle根据汉语提
26、示完成句子。根据汉语提示完成句子。In the short film,you can learn that my school has been _.在短片中，你可以了解到我校一直在为更美好的未来而努力。在短片中，你可以了解到我校一直在为更美好的未来而努力。struggling for a better future7.equal n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的相同的；同样的 v.等于等于;比得上比得上 If Im talking to a close friend,I can use short requests,like“Open the window”our
27、 relationship is close and were equals,so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.(P66)be equal to sth./doing sth.(in sth.)(在在方面方面)与与相等；能胜任相等；能胜任equal sb./sth.in(doing)sth.(在在方面方面)与与比得上；与比得上；与匹敌匹敌 without equal/have no equal 无与伦比无与伦比equal pay for equal work 同工同酬同工同酬equally adv.平等地平等地,均等
28、地均等地equality n.平等平等【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语法填空1)Your personal circumstances are _(equal)important.(2019全国卷全国卷II 七选五七选五)2)_(你能胜任你能胜任)this challenge?3)No one _(比得上他比得上他)in knowledge.equallyAre you equal to equals him 8.demand n.要求；需求要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要强烈要求；需要 vi.查问查问 But if Im talking to someone who isnt very
29、 close to me,I must make my request longer and I must make it a question,not a demand,e.g.,“Could you open the window,please?”.(P66)n.v.satisfy/meet ones demands 满足需求满足需求demand to do sth.要求做某事要求做某事demand that(should)do sth.要求要求（应该）做某事（应该）做某事demanding adj.要求高的，耗费精力的要求高的，耗费精力的on demand 一经要求一经要求demand
30、sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物向某人要求某物in demandin need 需求需求拓展拓展demand【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语法填空1)Like running,race walking is physically _(demand),she says.(2020全国卷全国卷I 阅读理解阅读理解C)2)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the _(需要需要)for clean energy.(2019江苏高考江苏高考)demandingdemand同义句转换。同义句转换。He demands to b
31、e told everything.He demands that he(should)be told everything.9.relate vt.联系；讲述联系；讲述 Does each sentence relate to the main idea?(P67)relate sth.to sb.向某人讲述某事向某人讲述某事relate to 与与相关；涉及；谈到相关；涉及；谈到related adj.相关的；有联系的相关的；有联系的be related to 与与有关有关relation n.关系，联系关系，联系in relation to 关于关于【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语
32、法填空1)This is quite important,because it is directly related _ your commitment.2)The position calls for _(relate)experience in the field and good skills at using computers.3)Determining where we are in _(relate)to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.torelatedrelation1.refer t
33、o 提到；指的是；描述；查提到；指的是；描述；查 Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.(P60)1)refer sth.to.把把提交给提交给 refer to sb.指的是某人指的是某人 refer to.as 把把称称为为2)reference n.提及；谈到；参考；查阅提及；谈到；参考；查阅 in/with reference to.关于关于【语境应用语境应用】根据汉语提示补全下列句子。根据汉语提示补全下列句子。1)If you dont know what this means,_(去查去查字典字典).2)
34、Marcia _.(把把Jerry称作她的称作她的好朋友好朋友)语法填空语法填空3)Please so not include covers.A list of _(refer)must be included.(2019 天津天津)refer to the dictionary referred to Jerry as a dear friendreferences 2.date back(to)追溯到追溯到(=date from)常用于一般现在时，不常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。It dates back sev
35、eral thousand years to the use of longgu animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.(P62)set a date for 确定确定的日期的日期up to date 时髦的，新式的，现代的时髦的，新式的，现代的out of date 过时的，陈旧的过时的，陈旧的【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)This is an old building _ the 16th century.这是一栋可追溯至这是一栋可追溯至16世纪的古老建筑。
36、世纪的古老建筑。2)The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections _(追溯到追溯到)the Middle Age.dating back to date from一句多译一句多译中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1,000多年前。多年前。Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history which _.(定语从句定语从句)Chinese tea-drinking culture has a
37、 long history _.(分词作定分词作定语语)dates from/back to more than 1,000 years agodating from/back to more than 1,000 years ago3.point of view 观点；看法观点；看法 I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language,and I could see the world from a different point of view.(P64)from ones point of
38、view 依照某人的观点；在某人看来依照某人的观点；在某人看来come into view 在视野之中；看得见在视野之中；看得见take/hold the view that 持有持有观点观点in view of 鉴于；考虑到；由于鉴于；考虑到；由于【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。From Zhong Nanshans _,_safety,he firmly _ that everyone should wear masks and keep distance from each other in public areas.在钟南山看来，考虑到安全性，他坚定地认为每个人都应佩戴在钟南山
39、看来，考虑到安全性，他坚定地认为每个人都应佩戴口罩并在公共场合保持距离。口罩并在公共场合保持距离。point of viewin view ofholds the view1.Over the years,the system developed into different forms,as it was a time when people were divided geographically,leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(P62)It was a time when 这这/那是一个那是一个的时期的时期Ther
40、e was a time when.有一段有一段的时间的时间Its(high/about)time that.did/should do.是是的时候了的时候了2.Even today,no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing.(P62)no matter where 无论在哪里无论在哪里 “no matter+疑问词疑问词”引导让步状语从句，可置于句首、句中引导让步状语从句，可置于句首、句中和句尾和句尾no matter+疑问词
41、疑问词 无论无论；不管；不管“no matter+疑问词疑问词”结构只能引结构只能引导让步状语从句，可以和导让步状语从句，可以和“疑问词疑问词-ever”互换。互换。疑问词疑问词+-ever不论；不管不论；不管“疑问词疑问词-ever”可以引导让步状语可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。从句，也可以引导名词性从句。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子1)不管在哪里不管在哪里,他都养成了早餐前散步的习惯。他都养成了早餐前散步的习惯。_,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast2)无论发生什么无论发生什么,我们都必须保持镇定。
42、我们都必须保持镇定。_,we must keep calm.3)任何人，无论是谁，都要接受身份检查。任何人，无论是谁，都要接受身份检查。Any person,_,must go through an identity check.No matter where he isNo matter what happenedno matter who they are3.It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow.(P64)the more the more the
43、+比较级，比较级，the+比较级比较级 越越就越就越(表示后者随着表示后者随着前者的变化而变化前者的变化而变化)第一个第一个“the+比较级比较级”是表示条件的状语从句是表示条件的状语从句,在表示将来意义在表示将来意义的情况下的情况下,从句用一般现在时表示将来从句用一般现在时表示将来;第二个第二个“the+比较级比较级”是是主句主句,用一般将来时。用一般将来时。1)_ fat you take in before bedtime,_ burden you will put on your body at night.睡觉前你摄入的脂肪越多睡觉前你摄入的脂肪越多,夜里你身体的负担就越大。夜里你身
44、体的负担就越大。2)_ you listen to English,_ youll feel in speaking English.你英语听得越多你英语听得越多,你就会感觉说英语越容易。你就会感觉说英语越容易。【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。The more the greaterThe more the easierPart 3语法归纳语法归纳限制性定语从句限制性定语从句类型类型限制性限制性定语从句定语从句描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是是主句不可缺少的一部分主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。句意义不完
45、整或失去意义。关系词关系词关系代词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词关系副词when,where,why关关系系副副词词when在从句中在从句中作时间状语作时间状语可用可用“介词介词+which”来替换来替换The day when(=on which)the concert takes place is Sunday.where在从句在从句中作地点状语中作地点状语可用可用“介词介词+which”来替换来替换I want to live in a place where(=in which)there is lots to do.This is the plac
46、e where(=at/in which)we first met.why在从句中在从句中作原因状语作原因状语可用可用for which来替换来替换I had told them the reason why(=for which)I didnt attend the meeting.选用正确的关系词填空。选用正确的关系词填空。1.China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(2020.新课标
47、全国新课标全国I卷卷)2.In ancient China lived an artist 61._ paintings were almost lifelike.(2020.新课标全国新课标全国III卷卷)wherewhose 3.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,formed the core collection of the British Museum _ opened in 1759.(2020.全国新高考全国新高考I卷卷)which/that 4.Many lessons are now ava
48、ilable online,from _ students can choose for free.(2020.江苏卷江苏卷)A.whose B.which C.when D.whomBPart 4写作指导写作指导假定你是李华，你校将举办在线英语学习交流活动，请你在假定你是李华，你校将举办在线英语学习交流活动，请你在该网站写一篇博文，谈谈自己在英语学习方面的心得以及遇该网站写一篇博文，谈谈自己在英语学习方面的心得以及遇到的困难。到的困难。注意：注意：词数词数100100左右。左右。如何写关于英语学习的博文如何写关于英语学习的博文一、审题定调一、审题定调本写作任务要求用英语写一篇博文，谈谈自己在
49、英语学习方本写作任务要求用英语写一篇博文，谈谈自己在英语学习方面的心得以及遇到的困难。博文是人们在网络交流平台分享自面的心得以及遇到的困难。博文是人们在网络交流平台分享自己所见、所闻、所感的短文，是人们在日常生活中经常使用的己所见、所闻、所感的短文，是人们在日常生活中经常使用的一种一种新媒体语篇新媒体语篇。它属于。它属于非正式文体非正式文体，分享者可以以文字、图，分享者可以以文字、图片、视频等形式实现信息的分享、传播以及问题的交流与互动，片、视频等形式实现信息的分享、传播以及问题的交流与互动，语言简洁，用词灵活语言简洁，用词灵活。二、谋篇布局二、谋篇布局本写作任务可分为两部分：本写作任务可分为
50、两部分：第一部分：自己的心得；第一部分：自己的心得；第二部分：遇到的困难。第二部分：遇到的困难。三、常用表达三、常用表达read widelythink in English;keep a diary in Englishenlarge our vocabulary;use the words properlylearn word chunks rather than single wordslearn something about word formationread simplified classic worksguess the meaning of an unfamiliar wo
