1、1 read about the first aid for burns and a story about an emergency situation.2 listen to an emergency call and make a similar call for help.3 write a story about first aid.4 learn about how the Red Cross was founded and what it does.In this unit,you will:To get some basic information about first ai
2、dTo understand the passage about first aid for burnsTo know how to give proper first aid treatments for burnsTo increase the awareness of the importance of knowing about first aid1.What is the girl on the right doing in the photo?2.Have you seen this technique used before?Do you know how to do it?3.
3、Do you think its important for the students to learn this?Why?CPRHeimlichWhat is first aid?Emergency care or treatment given to a sick or injured person before regular medical aid can be obtained.Have you seen CPR used before?Do you know how to do/perform it?The instructor places his or her hands,on
4、e on top of another,on the centre of the models chest and pushes down hard.Do you think its important for the students to learn this?Why?Here is a short video to help you get a clear understanding about CPR.It is important for us to learn this technique because if someones heart or breathing stops,t
5、hey usually have only three to nine minutes before their brain suffers irreversible damage because of a lack of oxygen.However,it may take anywhere from 10-20 minutes before an ambulance comes once you call an emergency service.What do you know about Heimlich procedure(海姆利海姆利克氏操作法克氏操作法)?It is a firs
6、t-aid procedure for dislodging(强行去除强行去除)an obstruction from a persons windpipe(气管气管)in which a sudden strong pressure is applied on their abdomen(腹部腹部).named after Henry J.Heimlich(born 1920),the American doctor who developed the procedure1.What are some occasions where first aid is used?2.Why is it
7、 important to give first aid?3.What is the relationship between first aid and regular medical aid?1.What first-aid techniques do you know of?2.If someone you know suffered a burn,what would you do?Before you read,discuss these questions in groups.I know basically what to do if someone breaks a leg o
8、r gets a cut.It depends on the kind of burn.All of the burns Ive ever seen were fairly minor,so the best thing to do was to put it under cold running water to stop the burning.Understand text typesDifferent kinds of texts can be identified by their style of writing and language features.By understan
9、ding the text type of a piece of writing,you can better understand its purpose.You can also better understand where to find information in the text,and what kind of information it is likely to contain.1.Why is it important to understand text types?2.How can you identify a text type?3.What are some c
10、ommon text types you know about?By understanding text types,we can discover the purpose of a text thus predict its contents.By paying attention to the style of writing and language features.Letter,diary,news,advertisement,short story,etc.hospital leafletfactual,informational,objective,gives a descri
11、ption of a medical problem,and tells how to deal with it,uses the imperative to give adviceadvertisement full of persuasive language and colourful descriptions,talks about the benefits of a product,uses the imperative(祈使句祈使句)to tell someone to buy somethingnewspaper articlefactual,informational,obje
12、ctive,answers the who,what,when,why,and how questions about a recent eventblog postblog stands for web log,so it is a kind of journal or diary,usually topical in nature,talking about something that is current or new in the life of the author or regarding the authors interestsemaila kind of letter,it
13、 should have an opening and a closing like a letter,be addressed to an individual,and be about a matter which directly concerns both the author and recipientshort story usually a narrative written in the past tense,it contains vivid language and colourful descriptions to tell a story which has a beg
14、inning,a middle,and an endLook through the text and identify its style and language features.Then tick its text type from the list below._ advertisement _ blog post_ hospital leaflet _ email _ newspaper article _ short story The text type is a hospital leaflet.We know this because the passage is wri
15、tten in an objective informational style,and deals with a health issue,giving a detailed description of how to handle this problem.Skim the text and complete the main idea of it.The text mainly introduces _ types of burns and their characteristics as well as how to give _ when burns happen.first aid
16、 treatmentthreeRead again and decide if the following statements are true(T)or false(F).1.Your skin gives you protection from many dangerous things.2.A first-degree burn has this name because it is the most serious.3.Second-degree burns can be the most painful kind of burn.4.It is important to use c
17、ool water to stop the heat from remaining in the wound regardless of the degree of the burn.5.Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and ease discomfort.Functions of your skin Acting as a barrier against disease,toxins,and the suns 1._ 4._ you when things are too hot or
18、cold Preventing your body from losing too much3._Controlling yourbody 2._Giving you yoursense of 5._raystemperaturewater Warning touchsteamfirethe sunelectricityother chemicalshot liquidsradiationacids mild minor liquids electricSecond-degree burnsFirst-degree burns Third-degree burns black and whit
19、e swollen;the tissue underneath can be seen little or no pain if nerves are damaged;may be painful around the edges of the burnred and swollen;blisters;watery surfaceextremely painfuldry,red,and mildly swollenmildly painfulturn white when pressedclothesbreathevictimburnsburnt areaburnt areaCool Dry
20、Remove Cover Make sureSendhospitalComplete the table to summarise the information about first aid for burns.Details Types First-degree burnsSecond-degree burnsThird-degree burnsDepth _ of the skin_of the skin_ of the skin and sometimes _ underneathtop few millimetresbelow the top layerevery layerthe
21、 tissueDetails Types First-degree burnsSecond-degree burnsThird-degree burnsCharacteristicsdry,red,and mildly _;mildly _;turn _when pressedred and swollen;_;_ surface;extremely _black and white;swollen;_ _can often be seen;little or no pain if _ are damagedswollenpainfulwhiteblisterswaterypainful th
22、e tissue underneathnervesDetails Types First-degree burnsSecond-degree burnsThird-degree burnsTreatmentplace under _ within the first ten minutes _ the burnt area _ clothes _ the burn burn on the face:make sure the victim can _ second or third-degree burn:take the victim to _cool running waterdryrem
23、ove anycoverstill breathethe hospital at onceRead again and focus on the textual features.1.What is the genre of the text?Is it a narration,a description,an argumentation,or an expository writing?2.What kinds of things are mentioned in the text?An expository writing.Functions,causes,different types,
24、characteristics,and procedures.3.Is this text mainly written in first,second or third person?In second and third persons.4.What tense is used?5.Are there any passive voices?How do they make you feel?The simple present tense.Yes.They make the text sound objective.6.What other language features did yo
25、u find?7.What adjectives can you think of to describe this text?For example,the ing form.Objective,scientific,professional,specific,clear,concise,etc.本文属于说明文本文属于说明文(an expository writing)。说明性应用文常使。说明性应用文常使用粗体及各种符号区分内容，因而段落层次相对比较分明，文章用粗体及各种符号区分内容，因而段落层次相对比较分明，文章条理清晰，结构紧凑，重点突出。一个大标题下往往有几个小标条理清晰，结构紧凑，重
26、点突出。一个大标题下往往有几个小标题，表明文章主题以及每一部分的内容题，表明文章主题以及每一部分的内容。如。如：本文的大标题：本文的大标题FIRST AID FOR BURNS，小标题小标题CAUSES OF BURNS，TYPES OF BURNS，CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS及及FIRST-AID TREATMENT，分别表明了本文的主题和各部分内容。应用文类，分别表明了本文的主题和各部分内容。应用文类文章呈现方式多样，文章呈现方式多样，除了文字还有图片除了文字还有图片，如本文的插图。，如本文的插图。文体特征文体特征 另外另外，说明性应用文也体现着说明文的文体特征，如通
27、，说明性应用文也体现着说明文的文体特征，如通过不同方式介绍说明对象过不同方式介绍说明对象：1.举事例：举事例：CAUSES OF BURNS中列举的中列举的hot liquids,.or other chemicals具体说明了导致烧伤的原因；具体说明了导致烧伤的原因；TYPES OF BURNS也列举了各级别烧伤的具体事例。也列举了各级别烧伤的具体事例。2.分类别：分类别：TYPES OF BURNS条理清楚地说明了烧伤条理清楚地说明了烧伤的种类；的种类；CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS分别介绍了各级分别介绍了各级别烧伤的特征，使说明更具条理性。别烧伤的特征，使说明更具条理性
28、。3.列数字：列数字：three types明确说明烧伤类型的数目；明确说明烧伤类型的数目；within the first ten minutes说明了及时处理烧伤的关键时间。说明了及时处理烧伤的关键时间。1.How are people most likely to get burnt?Most people are likely to get burnt in the kitchen,by picking up a hot pan,or by getting cooking oil spilt on themselves.In groups,discuss the following q
29、uestions.2.What steps can be taken to help prevent these burns?Being aware of the danger is a good first step.For example,you should check to see if the burner is on before touching a pan on the stove.You should also use oven mitts when touching a hot pan.If you are using cooking oil,you should make
30、 sure that the pot is set firmly on the stove so that it cannot spill,and that it is not too full of oil.3.What other advice do you know of about first aid for burns?Is it good advice or bad advice?Why?I had an uncle who said that you should put vinegar on burns.I think that this is terrible advice,
31、because it can cause pain and can dry out the skin.4.What are the possible occasions when you are likely to get burnt at school?When getting hot water after class,we are likely to get burnt.5.What can you do to help prevent getting burnt?We should be careful when getting hot water.6.What are the pos
32、sible occasions when people are likely to get burnt at home?When people cook in the kitchen,they are likely to get burnt.7.What can we do to help prevent getting burnt?We should be careful when using fire.We should wear oven gloves when necessary.Interview.Suppose you are a reporter and your partner is a doctor.Make up at least 5 questions to interview him about how to give first aid treatment to a burnt person.
