1、 M2U3 Grammar the Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时过去完成时 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1.我已经做完作业了。我已经做完作业了。2.I have finished my homework.3.2.他已经住在这三年了。他已经住在这三年了。4.He has lived here for three years.Revision现在完成时现在完成时:have/has+p.p 1.Tom来看我之前我已经做完作业了来看我之前我已经做完作业了.I had finished my homework before Tom visited me.2.他说他已经住这三年了他说他
2、已经住这三年了.He said he had lived here for three years.Warming up过去完成时过去完成时:had+p.p I had not finished my homework before Tom visited me.把句子变成否定句、一般疑问句、被把句子变成否定句、一般疑问句、被动句并就划线部分提问动句并就划线部分提问.I had finished my homework before Tom visited me.My homework had been finished before Tom visited me.What had you d
3、one before Tom visited you?Had you finished your homework before Tom visited you?肯定式：主语肯定式：主语+had+p.p+否定式：主语否定式：主语+had+not+p.p+一般疑问句式：一般疑问句式：Had+主语主语+p.p+？特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词+had+主主+p.p+？被动语态：主语被动语态：主语+had+been+p.p+过去完成时过去完成时Summary Hong Kong _(return)to China in 1997.returned过去完成时的用法过去完成时的用法 M
4、acao _ to China in 1999.returnedHong Kong _ to China before Macao came back to China.had returned 1.We use the simple tense to talk about a past action.When we want to talk about something that happened at an even earlier time in the past,we use the past perfect tense.一般过去时表示一般过去时表示过过去去的动作。的动作。过去完成时
5、表示过去某一时间或过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态,即即动作或状态发生在动作或状态发生在“过去的过去过去的过去”。2.We can also use the past perfect tense to refer to an action that had already happened at the time of speaking.过过去完成时可指过去说话的时刻已经发生的去完成时可指过去说话的时刻已经发生的动作。常用于动作。常用于told,said,knew,heard,thought等后的宾语从句等后的宾语从句中中。(1)
6、她告诉我她从没去过巴黎她告诉我她从没去过巴黎.She said(that)she had never been to Paris.(2)She said that .(她看过这部电影她看过这部电影)(3)I knew .(你以前是一个老师你以前是一个老师)she had ever seen the movieyou had been a teacher before3.We often use the past perfect tense with time expressions such as when,after,before,as soon as,until,since,by,for
7、and already.过去完成时常与过去完成时常与 when,after,before,as soon as,until,since,by,for 和和already等连用。等连用。by“直到直到为止为止”/by the end of“直直到到末末”/until/before/after/since+过去时间点过去时间点 for+时间段时间段.(1)the end of last year,we .(learn)seven hundred English words.直到去年年末直到去年年末,我们已经学了我们已经学了700个英语单词个英语单词.had learnedBy(2)They (pl
8、ant)600 trees last Tuesday.(3)ten yesterday evening,she (finish)reading.(4)She said she (teach)English 13 years.had plantedhad finishedbeforeBy/Untilhad taughtfor after/before/since/when/until/as soon as/by the time“直到直到时时候候”+时间状语从句时间状语从句(一般过去时一般过去时),主句用主句用过去完成时过去完成时.(1)警察到达时，小偷们早跑了。警察到达时，小偷们早跑了。Whe
9、n the police (arrive),the thieves (run)away.(2)自从我离开家乡，我们再也没有见自从我离开家乡，我们再也没有见过面了。过面了。We (not see)each other since I (leave)my hometown.arrivedhad runhadnt seenleft4.表示意向的动词，如表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose,plan等，用过去完成时等，用过去完成时had meant/planned/hoped表示过表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等。去未曾实现的愿望、
10、打算、想法等。(1)We _ that you wouldbe able to visit us.(expect)had expected(2)那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。来。(hope)We _that you would come,but you didnt.I _to come,but I was too busy.(3)我原打算来的，但太忙了我原打算来的，但太忙了.（mean）had hopedhad meant 5.表示表示“一一就就”的几个句型：的几个句型：(1)Hardly/Scarcely had+主主+p.p+when+一般过去时一般过去时
11、.(2)No sooner had+主主+p.p+than+一般过去时一般过去时.(1)我们一上车，车就开了。我们一上车，车就开了。No sooner we (get)on the bus than the bus (start).hadgot started(2)._got into the room_ the telephone rang.A.He hardly;then B.Hardly had he;when C.Hardly had he;before D.Not had he;when (3).Hardly_the room _she left.A.had I entered;th
12、an B.I had entered;when C.had I entered;when D.did I enter;when6.It/This/That was the first time that +主主+had done+“这是这是第第几次几次”This was+最高级最高级+that+主主+had done+“这是这是最最”This is/was the first time that he (come)to Guiyang.This is/was the most beautiful girl that I (see).has come/had comehave seen/had
13、seen That dinner was the most expensive meal we _.A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had 1.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party.2.A.left;had arrived B.left;arrived C.had left;had arrived D.had left;arrived Choose the best answers.Exercises2.We _ four
14、thousand new words by the end of last year.A.had learned B.have learned 、C.learned D.will have learned 3.When Mark opened the door,he saw a woman standing there.He _ her before.A.never saw B.had never seen C.never sees D.has never seen 4.The news came as no surprise to me,for I _ of it earlier.A.hea
15、r B.heard C.have heard D.had heard 5.How long _ each other before they _ married?A.had they known,got B.have they known,get C.did they know,were going to getD.do they know,are going to get6.By the time he was twelve,Edison _ to make a living by himself.A.would begin B.has begun C.had begun D.was beg
16、un二二.Complete these sentences.1.他说他以前见过你。他说他以前见过你。He said that he _(see)you before.had seen2.到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。了八小时了。By six oclock they _(work)for eight hours.had worked4.到上个月中旬我们在北京住了有五年到上个月中旬我们在北京住了有五年时间了。时间了。By the middle of last month,we _(live)in Beijing for five years.had lived
17、3.她到家时，她的孩子已经睡着了。她到家时，她的孩子已经睡着了。When she got home,her children _(sleep).had slept6.在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。Before they arrived,the film _ already _(start).hadstarted5.我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。When I went to Guangzhou,he _(be)there for a long time.had been7.John and I _ friends for eight
18、 years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _ each other a couple of times before that.(02 北京春北京春)A.had been;have seen B.have been;have seen C.had been;had seen D.have been;had seen;过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 1.过去完成时表示某动作或状态在过去完成时表示某动作或状态在过去过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生某个时间或某个动作之前发生,句中可句中
19、可用用by引导的时间状语或引导的时间状语或before,until,when等引导的时间状语从句等引导的时间状语从句.一般过去一般过去时表示时表示“现在现在”以前的任何时间发生以前的任何时间发生的动作或状态。的动作或状态。(1).They had arrived at the station ten yesterday.They arrived at the station ten yesterday.(2).By the end of last year,he (save)10,000 dollars.She (buy)a skirt yesterday.byatboughthad save
20、d 2.在过去不同时间发生的两个动作，发在过去不同时间发生的两个动作，发生在生在先先的用的用过去完成时过去完成时，发生在，发生在后后用用一般过去时一般过去时。When he (arrive),the meeting already (start).arrivedhadstarted现在完成时与过去完成时的区别现在完成时与过去完成时的区别 1.The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event in connection with the present time.现在完成时表示一个发现在完成时表示一个
21、发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。结果。He has already finished the task.(现在任务已经完成，没事了现在任务已经完成，没事了.)2.The past perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event.过去完成时谈论的是过过去完成时谈论的是过去的过去。去的过去。Before he moved to Guiyang,he (live)in Jiangxi for 40 years.h
22、ad lived1.I cant see any coffee in this cupboard._?A.Has it all been finished B.Was it all finished C.Has it all finished D.Did it all finishedMultiple choices2._ my sister three times today but her line was always busy.A.Id phoned B.Ive been phoning C.Ive phoned D.I was phoning3.-The window is dirt
23、y.-I know.It _ for weeks.A.hasnt cleaned B.didnt clean C.wasnt cleaned D.hasnt been cleaned 4.By the time he was twelve,Edison _ to make a living by himself.A.would begin B.has begun C.had begun D.was begun 5.When Jack arrived he learned Mary _ for about an hour.A.had gone B.had been away C.had set
24、off D.had left 6.Great changes _ in the city,and a lot of factories_.A.have been taken place;have been set up B.have taken place;have been set up C.are taken place;are set up D.were taken place;were set up 7.That dinner was the most expensive meal we _.A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had
