1、基础落实基础落实.高频单词思忆高频单词思忆1.He stopped in front of the mirror to put 1.He stopped in front of the mirror to put his tie his tie s s .2.She went on a long sea 2.She went on a long sea v v .3.After a few years,she was sent back to her3.After a few years,she was sent back to her n n country.country.4.It tur
2、ned out that one of the children I 4.It turned out that one of the children I thought was a girl was thought was a girl was a a a boy.a boy.traighttraightoyageoyageativeativectuallyctuallyEnglish around the worldEnglish around the world5.Of the phrases“go crazy”and“go 5.Of the phrases“go crazy”and“g
3、o nuts”,the nuts”,the l l is used less frequently.is used less frequently.6.Traditionally,miners 6.Traditionally,miners (要求要求)higher)higher wages than other workers.wages than other workers.7.Reading is one of the best ways of enlarging7.Reading is one of the best ways of enlarging your your (词汇量词汇量
4、).).8.She was 8.She was (流利的流利的)in English,French,)in English,French,and German.and German.9.It is important to 9.It is important to (承认承认)how)how little we know about this disease.little we know about this disease.10.“Im not eating it,”Maria said,with an 10.“Im not eating it,”Maria said,with an (表情
5、表情)of disgust on her face.)of disgust on her face.atteratterrequestedrequestedvocabularyvocabularyfluentfluentrecognizerecognizeexpressionexpression.重点短语再现重点短语再现1.1.走近，上来走近，上来 2.2.以以为基础为基础 3.3.现在，目前现在，目前 4.4.利用，使用利用，使用 5.5.扮演扮演角色；参与，角色；参与，在在中起作用中起作用 6.6.不仅，多于不仅，多于 7.7.在在末端，在末端，在末期末期 8.8.即使，尽管，但是即使，尽
6、管，但是 9.9.许多，大量许多，大量 10.10.不假思索不假思索come upcome upbe based onbe based onat presentat presentmake use ofmake use ofplay a part/role inplay a part/role inmore thanmore thanat the end ofat the end ofeven ifeven ifa large number ofa large number ofwithout a second thoughtwithout a second thought.典型句式运用典型句
7、式运用1.Native English speakers can understand each1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.kind of English.以英语为母语的人，即使所讲以英语为母语的人，即使所讲 的英语种类不尽相同，他们也可以互相理解。的英语种类不尽相同，他们也可以互相理解。本句中的本句中的even ifeven if相当于相当于
8、，意为意为“”，引导让步状语从句。，引导让步状语从句。even even if/though if/though所引导的让步状语从句可用现在时代替所引导的让步状语从句可用现在时代替 将来时。将来时。考点提炼考点提炼even thougheven though即使，尽管即使，尽管2.Today the number of people learning English 2.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.in China is increasing rapidly.如今学英语的中
9、如今学英语的中 国人在快速增多。国人在快速增多。本句的主语是本句的主语是the number of(the number of(的数的数 量量/数目数目)，故谓语动词用，故谓语动词用 。3.Why do you think people all over the world 3.Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English?want to learn English?你认为世界各地的人们为你认为世界各地的人们为 什么都要学英语呢？什么都要学英语呢？本句中本句中do you thinkdo you think是是
10、 ，这种疑，这种疑 问句叫双重疑问句。根据疑问词是否作主语，这种问句叫双重疑问句。根据疑问词是否作主语，这种 句式可分为以下两种情况：句式可分为以下两种情况：考点提炼考点提炼单数单数考点提炼考点提炼插入语插入语 （1 1）作主语的疑问代词）作主语的疑问代词+do you think/believe/+do you think/believe/suppose/imagine/guess/say/consider/suggest+suppose/imagine/guess/say/consider/suggest+谓语谓语+其他。其他。（2 2）不作主语的疑问词）不作主语的疑问词+do you t
11、hink/believe/+do you think/believe/suppose/imagine/guess/say/consider/suggest+suppose/imagine/guess/say/consider/suggest+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他。其他。4.It is not easy for a Chinese person to4.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as well as a native English speak English as well as a native Englis
12、h speaker.speaker.对中国人来说，想把英语说得像英国人对中国人来说，想把英语说得像英国人 一样好，并不是件容易的事。一样好，并不是件容易的事。本句中本句中itit是形式主语，真正的主语是是形式主语，真正的主语是 。该句是句式。该句是句式“It is/was+It is/was+adjadj.(+for sb.).(+for sb.)+to do.”+to do.”的具体应用，的具体应用，for sb.for sb.表示不定式表示不定式totodo.do.的动作是由谁发出的。的动作是由谁发出的。当作表语的形容词是表示不定式逻辑主语的特征，即当作表语的形容词是表示不定式逻辑主语的特
13、征，即形容词用来描述不定式行为发出者的性格、品行等形容词用来描述不定式行为发出者的性格、品行等时，要用时，要用“”句型。此类形容词常见的有：句型。此类形容词常见的有：kind,nice,clever,kind,nice,clever,wrong,right,foolish,wise,stupid,rude,careless,wrong,right,foolish,wise,stupid,rude,careless,brave,politebrave,polite等。在这种句型中，等。在这种句型中，sb.sb.可以作句子的主可以作句子的主语。语。考点提炼考点提炼to speak English
14、as well as a native Englishto speak English as well as a native EnglishspeakerspeakerIt is/was+It is/was+adjadj.+of sb.+to do.+of sb.+to do.5.This is because in the early days of radio,5.This is because in the early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected those who reported the news
15、were expected to speak excellent English.to speak excellent English.这是因为在早些这是因为在早些 时候，人们期望电台节目中的新闻播音员英语说时候，人们期望电台节目中的新闻播音员英语说 得很棒。得很棒。this/that is because.this/that is because.意为意为 “”，because.because.在句子中在句子中 作表语，作表语，becausebecause引导一个表示引导一个表示 的句子。的句子。that is why.that is why.后面跟的是表示后面跟的是表示 的句子，的句子，译
16、为译为“那是那是的原因的原因”。考点提炼考点提炼这这/那是因为那是因为原因原因结果结果导练互动导练互动重点单词重点单词1.base1.base It was It was more on German than the more on German than the English we speak at present.English we speak at present.观察思考观察思考 This book is based on a true story.This book is based on a true story.这本书讲的是一个真实的故事。这本书讲的是一个真实的故事。The
17、y decided to base the new company in York.They decided to base the new company in York.他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。What are you basing this theory on?What are you basing this theory on?你这种理论的根据是什么？你这种理论的根据是什么？basedbased归纳总结归纳总结 base base 。（2 2）basebase与与basisbasis的区别：的区别：二者都有二者都有“基础基础”的意思。
18、的意思。basebase所指的所指的“基础基础”是是具体的；具体的；basisbasis所指的所指的“基础基础”是抽象的。是抽象的。the base of a buildingthe base of a building建筑物的根基（基础，底建筑物的根基（基础，底部）部）the economic basisthe economic basis经济基础经济基础 （3 3）on the basis ofon the basis of根据根据；以；以为基础为基础 v v.以以为根据；把（总部等）设在为根据；把（总部等）设在（1 1）be based on.be based on.以以为根据为根据 t
19、he base for the base for 的根据地的根据地即学即用即学即用 （1 1）他把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。）他把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。He He the good news the good news we had yesterday.we had yesterday.（2 2）这部小说是以事实为根据的。）这部小说是以事实为根据的。The novel The novel fact.fact.based his hopes onbased his hopes onis based onis based mand Can you find the follow
20、ing Can you find the following and and request from request from ReadingReading?观察思考观察思考 He commanded the soldiers to attack.He commanded the soldiers to attack.=He commanded that the soldiers(should)=He commanded that the soldiers(should)attack.attack.他命令士兵们进攻。他命令士兵们进攻。I never promised to obey her
21、commands.I never promised to obey her commands.我从未答应服从她的命令。我从未答应服从她的命令。Mr.Smith has a good command of spoken Mr.Smith has a good command of spoken English.English.史密斯先生对英语口语掌握得很好。史密斯先生对英语口语掌握得很好。commandcommand归纳总结归纳总结command command 。(1)at sb.s command(1)at sb.s command听某人支配听某人支配 under ones commandu
22、nder ones command由由指挥指挥 under the command of sb.under the command of sb.在在指挥之下指挥之下 have(a)command ofhave(a)command of掌握；精通（尤指语言）掌握；精通（尤指语言）take command oftake command of控制控制 (be)in command of(be)in command of掌握，控制掌握，控制 （2 2）command sb.to do mand sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事 command that.(should)mand
23、that.(should)do.命令命令 v v.&.&n n.命令；指挥；掌握；博得命令；指挥；掌握；博得即学即用即学即用 （1 1）军队由国王直接统率。）军队由国王直接统率。The army is The army is .（2 2）她精通法语。）她精通法语。She She the French the French language.language.under the kings commandunder the kings commandhas a good command ofhas a good command of3.request3.request In English yo
24、u use a command or a In English you use a command or a when you want someone to do something.when you want someone to do something.观察思考观察思考 She refused all the requests for an She refused all the requests for an interview.interview.她拒绝了所有要求采访的请求。她拒绝了所有要求采访的请求。They have made an urgent request for The
25、y have made an urgent request for international help.international help.他们迫切要求国际社会的援助。他们迫切要求国际社会的援助。I requested that he(should)leave at once.I requested that he(should)leave at once.我要求他马上离开。我要求他马上离开。requestrequest归纳总结归纳总结 request request 。(1)make(a)request for.(1)make(a)request for.请求；要求请求；要求 at sb
26、.s request=at the request of sb.at sb.s request=at the request of sb.应某应某人之要求人之要求 by request(of)by request(of)照需要；依照请求；应邀照需要；依照请求；应邀 on requeston request一经要求一经要求 （2 2）request sb.to do sth.request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事请求某人做某事 request that sb.(should)do sth.request that sb.(should)do sth.请求请求 request s
27、th.from/of sb.request sth.from/of sb.向某人请求某物向某人请求某物 It is requested that.It is requested that.据要求据要求 v v.&.&n n.请求；要求请求；要求易混辨异易混辨异request,ask,demand,requirerequest,ask,demand,require (1)request(1)request意为意为“请求，要求请求，要求”，指正式或礼貌的，指正式或礼貌的请请求。通常用于希望别人做某事，语气比较委婉。求。通常用于希望别人做某事，语气比较委婉。She requested permiss
28、ion to film at the White She requested permission to film at the White House.House.她申请准予在白宫拍摄。她申请准予在白宫拍摄。(2)ask(2)ask意为意为“请求请求”，指想从别人那里得到什么。，指想从别人那里得到什么。其其结构为结构为“ask sb.for sth.,ask sb.to do sth.ask sb.for sth.,ask sb.to do sth.”。He asked his mother for six dollars.He asked his mother for six dollar
29、s.他向母亲要他向母亲要6 6美元。美元。Parents ask me to come back early after Parents ask me to come back early after school.school.父母要我放学后早点回家。父母要我放学后早点回家。(3)demand(3)demand意为意为“强烈要求强烈要求”，语气较重，含，语气较重，含“自己觉自己觉得有理由要求得有理由要求”的意思。后接名词或不定式作宾语，的意思。后接名词或不定式作宾语，但不能接不定式作宾补，可以接用虚拟语气的从句。但不能接不定式作宾补，可以接用虚拟语气的从句。The captain deman
30、ded to know what was going The captain demanded to know what was going on.on.上尉要求知道发生了什么事。上尉要求知道发生了什么事。She demanded that we(should)give her an immediate She demanded that we(should)give her an immediate answer.answer.她强烈要求我们立刻给她一个答复。她强烈要求我们立刻给她一个答复。(4)require(4)require意为意为“需要，要求需要，要求”，含，含“按照法规要按照法规要
31、求求”的意思。其后接用虚拟语气的从句，也可接不的意思。其后接用虚拟语气的从句，也可接不定式作宾补。定式作宾补。The city government requires that all the The city government requires that all the people(should)protect the environment.people(should)protect the environment.市政府要求人们保护环境。市政府要求人们保护环境。The city government requires the people to The city governmen
32、t requires the people to keep the streets clean.keep the streets clean.市政府要求人们保持街道清洁。市政府要求人们保持街道清洁。即学即用即学即用 （1 1）her request,Tom went out immediatelyher request,Tom went out immediately to help her out.to help her out.A.On B.At C.Till D.In A.On B.At C.Till D.In（2 2）We all agreed to his request that
33、he We all agreed to his request that he to Dalian for sightseeing.to Dalian for sightseeing.A.went B.were going A.went B.were going C.go D.shall go C.go D.shall go BC4.recognize4.recognize Although many Americans move a lot,they Although many Americans move a lot,they still still and understand each
34、 and understand each others dialects.others dialects.观察思考观察思考 Line up these men and see if the witness Line up these men and see if the witness can recognize the criminal.can recognize the criminal.让这些人站成一排，看看证人能否从中把罪犯认让这些人站成一排，看看证人能否从中把罪犯认 出来。出来。I recognized him though we were apart for I recognize
35、d him though we were apart for years.years.尽管我们分开多年了，我还是认出了他。尽管我们分开多年了，我还是认出了他。recognizerecognizeEveryone recognized him to be a lawful heir Everyone recognized him to be a lawful heir of the money.of the money.大家都承认他是那笔钱的合法继承人。大家都承认他是那笔钱的合法继承人。归纳总结归纳总结 recognize recognize 。(1)recognize sb./sth.by/f
36、rom.(1)recognize sb./sth.by/from.根据根据认出认出某人某人/某事（物）某事（物）be recognized to be/as.be recognized to be/as.被认作被认作/被认为被认为是是 It is recognized that.It is recognized that.人们公认人们公认 （2 2）recognition recognition n.n.认识；认出认识；认出 out of/beyond recognitionout of/beyond recognition认不出来认不出来 v v.辨认出；承认辨认出；承认易混辨析易混辨析re
37、cognize,know,admit,realizerecognize,know,admit,realize (1)recognize(1)recognize与与knowknow都有都有“认识认识”的含义。的含义。knowknow表示表示“认识认识”，可以用于人或物，以前可以认识，也可以，可以用于人或物，以前可以认识，也可以不认识，是一个延续性动词不认识，是一个延续性动词;recognize;recognize表示表示“认出认出”，只能用于原来就已经认识的人或事物，是一个非延续只能用于原来就已经认识的人或事物，是一个非延续性动词。性动词。(2)recognize(2)recognize与与ad
38、mitadmit都有都有“承认承认”的含义。但的含义。但admitadmit的对象一般是不对的或不光彩的事实；而的对象一般是不对的或不光彩的事实；而recognizerecognize多指多指“承认承认”某人或某物是合法的、有效的。某人或某物是合法的、有效的。(3)recognize(3)recognize与与realizerealize都有都有“意识到；认出意识到；认出”的含的含义，但义，但realizerealize强调无意中注意到，从而了解本质，强调无意中注意到，从而了解本质，明白事理；而明白事理；而recognizerecognize则强调从对记忆的搜索中辨则强调从对记忆的搜索中辨认出
39、人、物、声音、方位等。认出人、物、声音、方位等。即学即用即学即用（1 1）刘翔被认为是世界十佳运动员之一。）刘翔被认为是世界十佳运动员之一。Liu Xiang Liu Xiang one of the one of the ten first-class athletes in the world.ten first-class athletes in the world.（2 2）人们一致认为环境污染已经成了人们面对的）人们一致认为环境污染已经成了人们面对的 最严重的问题之一。最严重的问题之一。environment environment pollution has become one
40、of the most pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.serious problems that people face.is recognized asis recognized asIt is recognized thatIt is recognized that5.straight5.straight Well,go round the corner on your left-hand Well,go round the corner on your left-hand si
41、de,side,on and cross two streets.on and cross two streets.观察思考观察思考 A straight line is the shortest distance A straight line is the shortest distance between two points.between two points.两点之间直线最短。两点之间直线最短。Its time for some straight talking.Its time for some straight talking.现在该开诚布公地谈谈了。现在该开诚布公地谈谈了。T
42、here was no wind.The smoke rose straight There was no wind.The smoke rose straight upward.upward.因为没有风，所以烟笔直地往上升。因为没有风，所以烟笔直地往上升。straightstraight归纳总结归纳总结 straight straight 。straighten straighten v v.弄直；使正确；整顿弄直；使正确；整顿 go straightgo straight改过自新改过自新 straight awaystraight away马上，立即马上，立即 set sb.straigh
43、tset sb.straight纠正某人纠正某人 即学即用即学即用 A A road goes road goes from our college to the from our college to thecity center.city center.A.straight;straightA.straight;straightB.straightly;straightly B.straightly;straightly C.straight;straightlyC.straight;straightlyD.straightly;straightD.straightly;straighta
44、djadj.&.&advadv.直的；坦诚的；直接；一直直的；坦诚的；直接；一直A重点短语与句型重点短语与句型6.because of6.because of Later in the next century,people from Later in the next century,people from England made voyages to conquer other England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and parts of the world and that,that,English bega
45、n to be spoken in many other English began to be spoken in many other countries.countries.because ofbecause of易混辨异易混辨异because of,owing to,due to,on account of,thanks because of,owing to,due to,on account of,thanks toto 这五个短语都有这五个短语都有“由于，因为由于，因为”的意思，都是介词短的意思，都是介词短语，因此后面不可接从句。语，因此后面不可接从句。(1)because of
46、(1)because of意为意为“由于，因为由于，因为”，强调因果关系，在句中，强调因果关系，在句中一般作状语。一般作状语。(2)owing to(2)owing to与与because ofbecause of一样，也强调因果关系，作表语或一样，也强调因果关系，作表语或状语。状语。(3)due to(3)due to引出造成后果的原因，在句中常作表语、引出造成后果的原因，在句中常作表语、状语。作状语时与状语。作状语时与owing toowing to同义，但同义，但due todue to一般不置于句首。一般不置于句首。(4)on account of(4)on account of与与b
47、ecause of,owing tobecause of,owing to同义，但语气较为同义，但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语。正式。可作状语、表语。(5)thanks to(5)thanks to只能用作状语，可以表达正面意思，只能用作状语，可以表达正面意思，“幸亏幸亏”，也可用于讽刺口吻中（近于讽刺口吻的，也可用于讽刺口吻中（近于讽刺口吻的“感谢感谢”）。）。即学即用即学即用（1 1）He arrived at the office late this He arrived at the office late this morning morning .A.due to there wa
48、s a storm A.due to there was a storm B.due to the storm B.due to the storm C.because of there was a storm C.because of there was a storm D.because the storm D.because the storm（2 2）The open-air celebration has been put The open-air celebration has been put off off the bad weather.the bad weather.A.i
49、n case of B.in spite of A.in case of B.in spite of C.instead of D.because of C.instead of D.because of BDe e up Id like to Id like to to your apartment.to your apartment.观察思考观察思考 He came up to me and asked for a light.He came up to me and asked for a light.他走到我跟前来借火。他走到我跟前来借火。The subject came up in
50、conversation.The subject came up in conversation.谈话中提到了这个话题。谈话中提到了这个话题。come upcome up归纳总结归纳总结 come upcome up意为：意为：。come aboutcome about产生产生 come oncome on赶快，快点；发展赶快，快点；发展 come downcome down降落；跌落；流传降落；跌落；流传 come tocome to苏醒；共计；达到苏醒；共计；达到 come alongcome along跟随跟随,跟着来；进步跟着来；进步,进展；出现；到达进展；出现；到达come acro
