1、（madeofdingshangtuwenmadeofdingshangtuwen）Unit 1Cultural relicsUsing Language1.根据首字母及英文释义写出单词。根据首字母及英文释义写出单词。(1)t_ a formal meeting in a law court(2)e_ the way into a place(3)s_ to disappear below the surface of a mass of water(4)m_ an unmarried girl(5)d_ a discussion about a subject on which people
2、 have different viewsrialntranceinkaidebate2.根据语境选词填空。根据语境选词填空。(1)It is _that the _he has given is not reliable.(evidence/evident)(2)The _ has _ around the world for the first time.(sailor/sail)(3)It is an _ party so you need not dress so _.(informal/formally)(4)A bomb _ during the rush hour and the
3、 _caused two deaths.(explode/explosion)evidentevidencesailorsailedinformalformallyexplodedexplosion3.根据汉语释义补全短语。根据汉语释义补全短语。(1)care _关心关心;在意在意(2)_ than而不是而不是(3)at _在午夜在午夜(4)be _ in被埋藏于被埋藏于;专心于专心于(5)think _of看重看重;器重器重aboutrathermidnightburiedhighly4.词义匹配。词义匹配。(1)agree with A.处理处理(2)search for B.依次依次(3
4、)do with C.同意同意;适合适合(4)take turns D.搜索搜索(5)at the same time E.同时同时1.trial n.审判审判;审讯审讯;试验试验【语境领悟【语境领悟】*So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial.因此在审判中因此在审判中,看法不是强有力的证据。看法不是强有力的证据。*The case is under trial now.案件正在审理中。案件正在审理中。*Hes on trial for murder.他因涉及谋杀罪而受审。他因涉及谋杀罪而受审。*The new drug is undergoi
5、ng clinical trials.这种新药正在进行临床试验。这种新药正在进行临床试验。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】under trial在审理中在审理中on trial在受审中在受审中;在试验中在试验中trial and error反复试验反复试验【即学活用【即学活用】选用选用trial的短语填空。的短语填空。The workers are busy now;that is because some machinesare _.The murder is _,which will last six weeks.完成句子。完成句子。Many drugs were found _.许多药物都是经过反
6、复试验后才被发现的。许多药物都是经过反复试验后才被发现的。on trialunder/on trialby trial and error2.evidence n.根据根据;证据证据【语境领悟【语境领悟】*This kind of information is called evidence.这种信息就叫做证据。这种信息就叫做证据。*Have you any evidence to support this statement?你这种说法有根据吗你这种说法有根据吗?*Few soldiers were in evidence.几乎看不见有士兵。几乎看不见有士兵。*There is a lot
7、of evidence that stress is partly responsible for disease.有很多证据证明在一定程度上压力是造成疾病的原因。有很多证据证明在一定程度上压力是造成疾病的原因。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】(1)There is some evidence that.有证据证明有证据证明in evidence显眼显眼,显而易见显而易见(2)evidentadj.明显的明显的,明白的明白的Its evident that.很明显很明显*Its evident that youve been drinking.你显然一直在喝酒。你显然一直在喝酒。【即学活用【即学活用】选
8、词填空选词填空(evidence/evident)。We found further scientific _ for this theory.His footprints were clearly _ in the heavy dust.There is convincing _ of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.evidenceevidentevidenceAll the_indicates that he has been deeply involved in the crime.A.evidenceB.factC.fac
9、torsD.cause【解析【解析】选选A。句意。句意:所有的证据表明他已经深陷这次犯罪。所有的证据表明他已经深陷这次犯罪。evidence“证据证据”;fact“事实事实”;factor“因素因素”;cause“原因原因”。根据句意选根据句意选A。【思维延伸【思维延伸】(2014马鞍山高一检测马鞍山高一检测)The scientists have found that there is no _ of life on other planets.A.style B.evidence C.exam D.example【解析【解析】选选B。考查名词辨析。句意。考查名词辨析。句意:科学家发现在其他
10、星球科学家发现在其他星球上没有生命的迹象。上没有生命的迹象。style风格风格,类型类型;evidence证据证据,迹象迹象;exam考试考试;example例子。例子。3.explode vi.爆炸爆炸【语境领悟【语境领悟】*In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight.1945年的年的4月月,我半夜突然听到爆炸声。我半夜突然听到爆炸声。*Bombs were exploding all round the city.城里到处都有炸弹爆炸。城里到处都有炸弹爆炸。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】explodev.(情感情感)迸发迸发;激增激增ex
11、plosionn.爆炸爆炸*Suddenly Charles exploded with rage.查尔斯勃然大怒。查尔斯勃然大怒。【巧学助记【巧学助记】The explosion of the gas pipe did great damage to the building,and as a result,several cars parking there exploded too.煤气管道的爆炸严重损害了这座建筑物煤气管道的爆炸严重损害了这座建筑物,结果停在那里的几结果停在那里的几辆汽车也爆炸了。辆汽车也爆炸了。【思维延伸【思维延伸】【即学活用【即学活用】写出写出explode的词义。
12、的词义。The firework exploded in his hand.()Do you fear that youll burst into tears or explode withanger in front of her?()The population explodes to 40,000 during the touristseason.()爆炸爆炸迸发迸发激增激增The bomb_the moment the police arrived there.A.exploded B.explored C.expected D.explained【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词词义。句
13、意。考查动词词义。句意:警察一到那里炸弹就爆警察一到那里炸弹就爆炸了。炸了。explode爆炸爆炸;explore探险探险;expect期望期望;explain解释。解释。4.sink vi.下沉下沉;沉下沉下【语境领悟【语境领悟】*The boat was beginning to sink fast.那艘船开始迅速下沉。那艘船开始迅速下沉。*We watched the sun sink behind the hills.我们看了太阳落山。我们看了太阳落山。*She just sat there,sunk in thought.她只是一味地坐在那儿她只是一味地坐在那儿,陷入了沉思。陷入了沉
14、思。*He paused to allow his words to sink in.他停了一下他停了一下,好让人充分领会他的意思。好让人充分领会他的意思。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】be sunk in陷入不快陷入不快(或沉思或沉思)中中sink in/into被完全理解被完全理解;渗透渗透,深入深入;渐渐进入渐渐进入sink down倒下倒下;坐下坐下【即学活用【即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。_ after hitting an iceberg.这艘船撞到冰山后沉没了。这艘船撞到冰山后沉没了。The rain _.雨水渗进了干地里。雨水渗进了干地里。The ship sanksank into
15、the dry groundTo test eggs,put them in a bowl of water:if they float theyre bad,if they_theyre good.A.explodeB.sinkC.apartD.jump【解析【解析】选选B。句意。句意:为了测试鸡蛋为了测试鸡蛋,把它们放到一碗水中把它们放到一碗水中:如如果浮着果浮着,它们就坏了它们就坏了;如果下沉如果下沉,它们就是好的。它们就是好的。explode“爆爆炸炸”;sink“下沉下沉”;apart“分离分离”;jump“跳跳”。5.think highly of看重看重;器重器重【语境领悟【语境
16、领悟】*I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.我看重那些寻找琥珀屋的人们。我看重那些寻找琥珀屋的人们。*We think highly of their research in this field.我们高度赞扬他们在这一领域的研究。我们高度赞扬他们在这一领域的研究。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】think well/much of.认为认为好好;对对评价高评价高think ill/poorly/little of.认为认为不好不好;对对评价不高评价不高think nothing of不把不把当回事当回事*I didn
17、t think much of your plan.我认为你的计划不怎么样。我认为你的计划不怎么样。【名师点津【名师点津】当当think highly/well/much of.用于被动语态结构时用于被动语态结构时,副副词应放于其修饰的动词前词应放于其修饰的动词前,即即be highly/well/much thought of。*Pop music is well thought of by most young people.大多数年轻人对流行音乐很赞赏。大多数年轻人对流行音乐很赞赏。【思维延伸【思维延伸】常见表示赞扬或诋毁的短语常见表示赞扬或诋毁的短语speak highly/well
18、of.高度赞扬高度赞扬speak ill of.说说的坏话的坏话sing high praise for.高度赞扬高度赞扬【即学活用【即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。他的话受到高度评价。他的话受到高度评价。What he said _.他没有把大雪当回事他没有把大雪当回事,继续向前走。继续向前走。He _ the heavy snow and walked on.was well/highly/much thought ofthought nothing ofMany of us have a_ opinion of him.But he is_ thought of by the leader
19、s.A.bad;worse B.badly;highlyC.bad;better D.badly;more【解析【解析】选选C。句意。句意:我们中的许多人对他评价不高。我们中的许多人对他评价不高。但领导对他评价较好。根据上下文语境但领导对他评价较好。根据上下文语境,结合连词结合连词But表表示意思的转折可知上句为示意思的转折可知上句为“评价差评价差”;下句意思与上句意思下句意思与上句意思对比出现转折对比出现转折“比较好比较好”,答案答案C合适。合适。6.debate n.争论争论;辩论辩论vi.争论争论;辩论辩论【语境领悟【语境领悟】*Whats the question now under
20、debate?现在辩论的是什么问题呢现在辩论的是什么问题呢?*The government is debating the education laws.政府正在就教育法进行辩论。政府正在就教育法进行辩论。*The truth of this news is beyond debate.这则新闻报道的真实性无可争议。这则新闻报道的真实性无可争议。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】under debate在讨论中在讨论中;在辩论中在辩论中beyond/without debate无可争议无可争议debate with sb.about/on就就与某人辩论与某人辩论【思维延伸【思维延伸】*I argued w
21、ith her for a long time,but she refused to listen to reason.我和她辩论了好久我和她辩论了好久,但她还是不听。但她还是不听。*We are debating where we should go for our holidays.我们在争论该到什么地方去度假。我们在争论该到什么地方去度假。*I have something personal to discuss with you.我有点私事和你商量。我有点私事和你商量。【即学活用【即学活用】用介、副词填空。用介、副词填空。The bill is _debate and hasnt be
22、en passed yet.He told a lie _ debate.The speaker is going to debate _Star War _ his opponents(对手对手).完成句子。完成句子。I dont wish to _.我不想就我的看法同你辩论。我不想就我的看法同你辩论。underwithout/beyondonwithdebate my opinions with youThe new rules _.新规则正在讨论中。新规则正在讨论中。The teacher _.老师正和班上同学讨论一个问题。老师正和班上同学讨论一个问题。are under debatei
23、s debating a question with his class7.In a trial,a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在审判中在审判中,法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信哪些证人不能相法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信哪些证人不能相信。信。【句式分析【句式分析】该句为该句为“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”结构结构,在句中作宾语。在句中作宾语。*I am not sure how to behave at the dinner table.对餐桌礼仪对餐桌礼仪,我心中没底儿。我心中
24、没底儿。*I dont know how to talk.我不知如何谈。我不知如何谈。*We havent decided who(which)to go.我们还没定谁我们还没定谁(哪个哪个)去。去。【名师点津【名师点津】“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”用法的四个注意事项用法的四个注意事项:(1)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语在句中可作主语、宾语、表语;(2)疑问词疑问词:who,what,when,where,how等等;(3)作主语时作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式谓语动词常用单数形式;(4)这种结构常用在动词这种结构常用在动词(短语短语)tell,show,understand,explain,
25、teach,learn,advise,discuss,find out等后作宾语。等后作宾语。*How to describe people is todays topic.如何描述人物是今天的话题。如何描述人物是今天的话题。【即学活用【即学活用】用用“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”完成句子。完成句子。I dont know _.我不知道说什么。我不知道说什么。We must know _.我们必须弄懂如何操作这台机器。我们必须弄懂如何操作这台机器。用用“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”改写下列句子。改写下列句子。I could not decide which dictionary I shoul
26、d buy.=I could not decide _.Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know _such a good teacher.what to sayhow to operate the machinewhich dictionary to buywhere to find【要点拾遗【要点拾遗】1.entrance n.入口入口【语境领悟【语境领悟】*To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed.令我奇怪的是煤矿入口
27、被封闭了。令我奇怪的是煤矿入口被封闭了。*There is an entrance just around the corner.拐角处有个入口。拐角处有个入口。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】the entrance to的入口的入口the exit of.的出口的出口【思维延伸【思维延伸】通常与介词通常与介词to搭配的短语还有搭配的短语还有:key to the door门上的钥匙门上的钥匙answer to the question问题的答案问题的答案home to the animal动物的家园动物的家园solution to the problem问题的解决方法问题的解决方法【即学活用【即学活
28、用】完成句子。完成句子。There is no possibility that all the students can _.不是所有的学生都能通过大学入学考试。不是所有的学生都能通过大学入学考试。I cant find _ the park.我找不到公园的入口。我找不到公园的入口。pass thecollege entrance examinationthe entrance toThe children were surprised by the sudden_of their teacher.A.enterB.entranceC.admissionD.come【解析【解析】选选B。句意
29、。句意:老师突然进来使孩子们感到意外。此处老师突然进来使孩子们感到意外。此处需要名词需要名词,排除排除A、D;entrance of sb.表示表示“某人的进入某人的进入”,admission of承认承认,招认招认,故答案为故答案为B。2.prove vt.&vi.证明证明;证实证实【语境领悟【语境领悟】*A fact is anything that can be proved.事实是可以被证明的信息。事实是可以被证明的信息。*All this proved him(to be)honest.=All this proved that he was honest.所有这一切都证明他是个诚实
30、的人。所有这一切都证明他是个诚实的人。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】prove证明证明是是prove sth.to sb.向向证明证明prove(to be).证明是证明是that.n./pron.(to be)+n./adj.【即学活用【即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。The medicine _.结果证明这种药的疗效令人满意。结果证明这种药的疗效令人满意。She _.结果证明她是一位非常严格的老师。结果证明她是一位非常严格的老师。She may _ for the job.结果证明她可能是最适合做这项工作的人。结果证明她可能是最适合做这项工作的人。proved satisfactoryproved
31、a very strict teacherprove to be the most suitable person3.rather than 而不是而不是;与其说与其说不如说不如说【语境领悟【语境领悟】*We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我们是在教室里开会我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。不是在大厅里。*He is an explorer rather than a sailor.与其说他是一个海员与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。不如说他是一个探险者。*The sweater
32、 she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.与其说她买的这件毛衣便宜不如说它漂亮。与其说她买的这件毛衣便宜不如说它漂亮。*You rather than I are going to go camping.是你而不是我要去野营。是你而不是我要去野营。*I decided to write rather than(to)telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。我决定写信而不打电话。*Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad,he sold them at half price.他唯恐蔬菜烂掉他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,
33、把它们以半价卖掉了。把它们以半价卖掉了。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】(1)rather than连接两个并列成分。连接两个并列成分。(2)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(3)rather than后接不定式时后接不定式时,不定式可以带不定式可以带to,也可以不带也可以不带to。但但rather than位于句首时位于句首时,则只能接不带则只能接不带to的不定式。的不定式。【即学活用【即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。She enjoys
34、singing _.她喜欢唱歌她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。而不喜欢跳舞。These shoes are comfortable _.这些鞋子谈不上漂亮这些鞋子谈不上漂亮,但穿起来很舒服。但穿起来很舒服。rather than dancingrather than pretty(2014济宁高一检测济宁高一检测)Why not get some work experience first _go straight on to university?A.other than B.rather thanC.more than D.less than【解析【解析】选选B。考查介词短语。句意。考查介词短语
35、。句意:你为什么不先积累一些你为什么不先积累一些工作经验而不是直接去上大学工作经验而不是直接去上大学?other than除除以外以外;rather than而不是而不是;more than不仅仅是不仅仅是,多于多于;less than少于。少于。4.He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information,which must be facts rather than opinions.他他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息,这些信息必这些信息必须是事实而不是
36、观点或看法。须是事实而不是观点或看法。【句式分析【句式分析】*It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.这取决于信是否来得及时。这取决于信是否来得及时。*I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。【名师点津【名师点津】whether引导宾语从句既可作介词的宾语引导宾语从句既可作介词的宾语,也可作动词的也可作动词的宾语。宾语。whether在从句中意为在从句中意为“是否是否”,且只引导从句且只引导从句,不充当不充当成分。成分。【即学活用【即学活用】仿写
37、句子。仿写句子。一切都取决于一切都取决于(depend on)她是否胜任她是否胜任(fit)这份工作这份工作,这是这是我们关心我们关心(care about)的事情。的事情。_他们关心的是警察是不是已经找出了足够的证据他们关心的是警察是不是已经找出了足够的证据,这些证这些证据一定是真的。据一定是真的。They care about _,which must be true.It all depends on whether she can be fit for the job,which wecare about.whether the police have found out enough
38、evidence5.Nor do I think they should give it to any government.我认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府部门。我认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府部门。【句式分析【句式分析】该句把否定副词置于句首该句把否定副词置于句首,句子使用了部分倒装语序。句子使用了部分倒装语序。这种倒装的句式为这种倒装的句式为“否定副词否定副词+助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词动词+其他其他”。类似的常见否定副词有。类似的常见否定副词有:not/neither/little/seldom/hardly等。等。*Never shall I forget the
39、 days when you were with us.我从不会忘记你与我们在一起的日子。我从不会忘记你与我们在一起的日子。*Seldom does he come back on Sundays.他很少在星期天回来。他很少在星期天回来。【即学活用【即学活用】(2013辽宁高考辽宁高考)At no time _the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.A.they actually broke B.do they actually breakC.did they actually break D.they had actually b
40、roken【解析【解析】选选C。考查倒装。句意。考查倒装。句意:他们绝对没有违反比赛规则他们绝对没有违反比赛规则,惩罚他们是不公平的。惩罚他们是不公平的。at no time放在句首放在句首,句子要倒装。故句子要倒装。故排除排除A和和D两项。又根据句中的时态是一般过去时两项。又根据句中的时态是一般过去时,所以选所以选C。6.For example,it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.举例来说举例来说,中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口
41、都多,这是这是可以得到证实的。可以得到证实的。【句式分析【句式分析】本句是含有主语从句的复合句。本句是含有主语从句的复合句。it是形式主语是形式主语,真正的主真正的主语是语是that引导的主语从句引导的主语从句,that在从句中为连接词且不充当成在从句中为连接词且不充当成分。分。*It is known to all that Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.众所周知众所周知,克里斯托弗克里斯托弗哥伦布于哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。年发现了美洲。*It is said that he watched most games of
42、the 2014 FIFA World Cup held in Brazil.据说据说,他观看了在巴西举行的他观看了在巴西举行的2014年世界杯足球赛的大部分年世界杯足球赛的大部分赛事。赛事。【归纳拓展【归纳拓展】it作形式主语的句型作形式主语的句型(1)Its+过去分词过去分词(said,told,reported,known,suggested,hoped,expected)+名词性从句。名词性从句。(2)Its+名词名词(a pity,a fact,a wonder,an honor)+名词性从句。名词性从句。(3)Its+形容词形容词(natural,strange,obvious,p
43、ossible,likely)+名名词性从句。词性从句。(4)It+不及物动词不及物动词(matter,seem,happen,look,appear)+名词名词性从句。性从句。*It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident.据报道这次事故有据报道这次事故有20人死亡。人死亡。*It is a pity that you didnt go to see the movie.你没去看这部电影你没去看这部电影,真是可惜。真是可惜。*It is natural that he should be so happy after he
44、aring the news.他听到这个消息后非常开心是很自然的。他听到这个消息后非常开心是很自然的。*Does it matter if he cant finish the job on time?如果他不能按时完成那工作要紧吗如果他不能按时完成那工作要紧吗?【即学活用【即学活用】仿写句子。仿写句子。据说这类游戏是为娱乐和教育设计的。据说这类游戏是为娱乐和教育设计的。_.据信那对夫妇已离开了这个国家。据信那对夫妇已离开了这个国家。_It is said that the games were designed for entertainment andeducationIt is beli
45、eved that the couple have left the country.(2013山东高考山东高考)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that【解析【解析】选选D。考查名词性从句。句意。考查名词性从句。句意:当我们不在的时候当我们不在的时候,知道这些狗会被好好照顾真是太好了。本句中知道这些狗会被好好照顾真是太好了。本句中it是形式主语是形式主语,代替后面的不定式短语代替后面的不定式短语,而从句中意思及语法结构完整而从句中意思及语法结构完整
46、,不缺不缺任何成分任何成分,所以选所以选that,引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。(2012山东高考山东高考)It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A.how B.whether C.what D.why【解析【解析】选选B。考查名词性从句的引导词。句意。考查名词性从句的引导词。句意:在这家商店在这家商店不管你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都没关系。分析句子结不管你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都没关系。分析句子结构可知构可知It是形式主语是形式主语,真正的主语是真正的主语是“_you pay by cash or
47、credit card in this store”。whether.or.意为意为“不不管管还是还是”,符合句意符合句意;how如何如何,多么多么;what什么什么;why为什么为什么,的理由的理由,此三项均不符合句意。此三项均不符合句意。.单词拼写单词拼写1.After an open _(审判审判),he was sentenced to death.2.From the _(证据证据),he must be guilty.3.They were clearing up when the second bomb _(爆炸爆炸).4.Ill meet you at the _(入口入口)o
48、f the zoo tomorrow.5.The _(水手水手)has a rich stock of tales of adventure.6.During the journey,their boat began to _(下沉下沉).7.Your _(女仆女仆)has brought your things.8.After a long _(争论争论)the bill was passed.trialevidenceexplodedentrancesailorsinkmaiddebate.选词填空选词填空care about,agree with,think highly of,take
49、 turns,be buried in,rather than,search for1.I dont _ either of you on these issues.2.Let us _ to clean the room.3.You can _ the story on the Internet.4.Dont you _this countrys future?5.Seeing the picture,he _thoughts.6.He opted to go to Paris _ London.7.He is a political leader who has _by people al
50、l over the world.agree withtake turnssearch forcare aboutwas buried inrather thanbeen highly thought of班级辩论报告班级辩论报告【文体分析【文体分析】1.概念概念:班级辩论报告属于应用文文体之一班级辩论报告属于应用文文体之一,同时又具有议论同时又具有议论文的特点文的特点,是对某个话题的辩论。是对某个话题的辩论。2.内容安排内容安排:该类文章一般分为四部分该类文章一般分为四部分:第一部分第一部分:开门见山开门见山,说明辩论的主题、参与者等说明辩论的主题、参与者等;第二部分第二部分:列举支持方观点
