1、1虚拟语气虚拟语气(2)(2)2 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的不虚拟语气表示说话人所说的不是事实是事实,而是想象而是想象,假设假设,建议建议,打算打算,意见意见,间接命令间接命令,愿望愿望,怀疑怀疑,推测推测,惊异等。惊异等。3虚拟语气在条件从句及主句中的使用：虚拟语气在条件从句及主句中的使用：1)If the hurricane had happened during the day time,there would have been more deaths.如果飓风发生在白天，那么死亡的人如果飓风发生在白天，那么死亡的人数会更多。数会更多。42)If everyone in the coun
2、try knew first aid,many lives would be saved.如果这个国家的每个人都懂得急救如果这个国家的每个人都懂得急救,那么许多生命就可以得到挽救。那么许多生命就可以得到挽救。3)If I saw him tomorrow,I should tell him.如果我明天看到他如果我明天看到他,我会告诉他的。我会告诉他的。5条件状语从句中虚拟语气的构成条件状语从句中虚拟语气的构成1)与过去事实相反：与过去事实相反：从句从句 had done,主句主句would/should/could/might/+have donee.g.如果有人提醒他如果有人提醒他,他就不会
3、吃那些他就不会吃那些食物了。食物了。If he had been warned,he would not have taken that food.62)与现在事实相反：与现在事实相反：从句从句did/were,主句主句would/should/could/might+doe.g.如果我是你如果我是你,我就拒绝做这件事。我就拒绝做这件事。If I were you,I would refuse to do it.7从句从句a.didb.should+do,c.were to+do主句主句would/should/could/might+do3)与将来事实相反：与将来事实相反：8e.g.如果我去
4、做这件事如果我去做这件事,我将会用一我将会用一种不同的方法种不同的方法 If I did it,I would do it in a different way.If I should do it,I would do it in a different way.If I were to do it,I would do it in a different way.9虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词在动词:suggest,order,demand,propose,request,command,insist 等后的宾语从句中等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气用虚拟语气(即即
5、should+do或者只用动词原形或者只用动词原形do),来表示愿望来表示愿望,建议建议,命令命令,请求等。请求等。10e.g.The doctor insisted that the patient(should)be X-rayed.医生坚决主张病人做医生坚决主张病人做X光。光。I suggest that we(should)set off at once.我建议我们应该立即出发。我建议我们应该立即出发。11wish+宾语从句宾语从句(虚拟语气虚拟语气),表示不表示不可能实现的愿望可能实现的愿望1)与过去事实相反与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成从句用过去完成式：式：had done2)与现
6、在事实相反与现在事实相反,从句用过去式：从句用过去式：did/were3)与将来事实相反与将来事实相反,从句用从句用should/would/could/might+do12e.g.我真希望我从来没遇到过他。我真希望我从来没遇到过他。I wish I had never met him.我真希望像你一样强壮。我真希望像你一样强壮。I wish I were as strong as you.但愿你这次获得成功。但愿你这次获得成功。I wish you would succeed this time.13as if 引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气1)当从句里的时间当
7、从句里的时间先于先于主句的时间时主句的时间时,从句用过去完成时从句用过去完成时 had done.e.g.He talks as if he had been to the moon.他高谈阔论就好像去过月球一他高谈阔论就好像去过月球一 样。样。142)当从句里的时间与主句的时间当从句里的时间与主句的时间是同一时间是同一时间时时,从句用过去式从句用过去式did/were.e.g.He talked as if he were Napoleon.他说话的时候就好像他是拿破伦他说话的时候就好像他是拿破伦 一一 样。样。3)当从句里的时间当从句里的时间后于后于主句的时间时主句的时间时,从句从句用用w
8、ould do.e.g.He talked as if he would go to the moon.他高谈阔论就好像要去月球一样。他高谈阔论就好像要去月球一样。15 would rather 后接从句后接从句,也可用虚拟语气也可用虚拟语气1)叙述现在或将来的事情叙述现在或将来的事情,从句谓语动词用过从句谓语动词用过去式。去式。如如:I would rather you stayed here.我宁愿你待在这。我宁愿你待在这。I would rather he came tomorrow.我宁愿他明天回来。我宁愿他明天回来。2)叙述过去的事情叙述过去的事情,表达实际上并未发生愿望表达实际上并
9、未发生愿望时时,从句用过去完成时。从句用过去完成时。如如:I would rather he had come yesterday.我宁愿他昨天回来。我宁愿他昨天回来。16It is time that 虚拟形式虚拟形式It is(high/about)time that+从句从句(过去式过去式)e.g.It is high time that you caught the bus.是时候你刚好赶上公共汽车。是时候你刚好赶上公共汽车。It is high time that we took actions to keep peace in the whole world.是时候我们该采取行动维
10、护世界和平是时候我们该采取行动维护世界和平 了。了。171.But for their help,we _ the program in time.A.can not finish B.will not finishC.had not finished D.could not have finished182.If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to,Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to19
11、3.The idea is that the nation _ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet first.A.sent B.sends C.send D.must send204.Its high time you _.A.start to work B.would start to work C.started to work D.had started to work 215.We required that the machine parts _ cast iron.A.is made of B.be made from C.b
12、e made of D.is made by226.The management urged that the cost of production _.A.to be further reduced B.was further reduced C.be further reduced D.should further reduced237.“She wouldnt drink her medicine last night,would she?”“_.”A.No,but I wish she wouldnt B.No,but I wish she had C.Yes,I wish she d
13、rank D.yes,I wish she could248.“Your performance was very good.”“I could have done better if I _ more time.”A.have had B.had C.had had D.will have had259.It is strange that such a thing _ in your school.A.will happen B.happens C.should happen D.happened2610.Dr Bethune worked hard as if he _.A.never
14、had felt tired B.had never felt tired C.never felt tired D.was tired never27Listening 281.Work in pairs.Read the passage and answer the questions:When and how did the Blitz start?At 4p.m.on 7 September 1940,348 German war planes began to drop bombs on London.29How long did the Blitz last?Two hours.H
15、ow many people were killed in the worst single incident?450How did people get into the underground stations?By breaking the chains on the doors.302.Complete the sentences with the verbs in the past simple.1.I remember that the house _ during the bombing.2.The planes _ very low.3.A lot of bombs _ on
16、the docks.break fall feel fly shake thinkshookflewfell314.A lot of people _ the underground would be the safest place.5.They _ the chains on the doors.6.You _ much safer in the underground.thoughtbrokefelt323.Listen to Alice and Henry Porter,who lived in London during the Blitz,and answer the questi
17、ons.1)How old were Alice and Henry when the bombing campaign started?Alice was 7 and Henry was 12.332)Where was Alice when she saw the bombing for the first time?In her bedroom.3)What did Henry and his brother do?They went out into the street to watch the planes.344)Where was Alice when a bomb fell
18、on her street?In the underground.5)Who was Henry with on the night he remembers best?His father.354.Complete the sentences with the words below.I remember that the house shook,and I looked through my bedroom_.I remember seeing _ in the distance.annoyed counting excited fires shouting sound supposed
19、windowwindowfires36I also remember that my parents were very _ with me.The first thing I remember was the _ of the planes.I also remember feeling very _.If I remember rightly,we werent _ to do that.annoyedsoundexcitedsupposed37I can remember the firemen _ to each other.I remember _ the time between
20、the raids one night.shoutingcounting381.,450 people were killed when a bomb destroyed a school that was an air raid shelter.【考点考点】air raid shelter意为意为“防空洞防空洞”。shelter此处用作名词，意为此处用作名词，意为“遮蔽物，避遮蔽物，避难所难所”；shelter还可用作动词，意为还可用作动词，意为“保保护，掩蔽，躲避护，掩蔽，躲避”。39【考例考例】Some parents are just too protective.They want
21、to _ their kids from every kind of danger,real or imagined.A.spot B.dismiss C.shelter D.distinguish【点拨点拨】选选C。根据第一句。根据第一句“Some parents are just too protective”可知下一可知下一句要说句要说“父母们想保护孩子们不受到任何父母们想保护孩子们不受到任何危害危害”。shelter sb.from sth.保护某人免保护某人免受受,符合题意。符合题意。spot看出看出,发现发现,注注意到意到;dismiss开除开除,使解散使解散;distinguish区区别，均不符合题意。别，均不符合题意。40
