1、单单词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky版本:新外研版本:新外研 单元:选择性必修四单元:选择性必修四 Unit 3本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.gateway合成词:gate+way2.glorious构词:glory(选必三U3)+-ous(形容词后缀)3.statue词块:the Statue of Confucius/Liberty4.religious构词法:religion religious5.heavenly构词:heaven+-ly(形容词后缀)6.peak一词多义:基本义“尖”词块:peak
2、 season,at peak times名词动词化:达到最高点;达到高峰 7.crossroads 构词:cross-(交叉)+roads;单复数同形8.strengthen构词:strength(必修一U3)+-en(to make 使)词块:strengthen the bonds/ties with词族:strong,strongly,strength,strengthen同后缀词:frighten,lengthen,sharpen,weaken 等9.coverage构词:cover+-age(名词后缀)覆盖范围词族:cover,coverage,discover,re-cover,
3、uncover10.scholar来自school派生词:scholarship11.department 构词:depart(apart)+-ment(名词后缀)组织内部分开的部分 部门词块:the Department of English/Education,the emergency department12.institute构词:in-+stitute(to establish 建立)建立 建立科学、教育等方面的组织 学院、(研究)院/所派生词:institution13.tune词块:theme tune,in/out of tune,sing a different tune,
4、sing the same tune(as sb),tune in;名词动词化:调音;调14.historian 构词:history+-ian(人)词族:history,historic,historical,historian15.prior词块:prior to;派生词:priority16.genius词源:古希腊神话中,人们期盼守护神Genius赐予新生儿优秀的品质和非凡的能力,即天赋。词块:have a genius for抽象名词具体化:天才人物17.chamber词块:Dream of the Red Chamber18.romance来自 Romance,罗曼语。用以指兴起于
5、中世纪的用罗曼语写作的骑士冒险故事小说,常常含有大量的英雄救美的情节,后由该词引申词义“浪漫(史)”(音译)。同源词:romantic19.kingdom构词:king+-dom(表示领域)词块:the United Kingdom,the animal kingdom20.enormous 构词:e-(out of)+norm(正常、常规)+-ous(形容词后缀)超出正常范围的 巨大的同根词:normal近义词:huge词块:an enormous amount of time/money派生词:enormously重重难难点点词词精精讲讲peak一词多义一词多义分词形容词分词形容词使役动词
6、使役动词后缀后缀-en一词多义一词多义熟词生义熟词生义隐喻隐喻习语习语cover&coverage词根、词缀词根、词缀tuneenormous熟词生义熟词生义搭配义搭配义搭配义搭配义PEAK(匹克)运动品牌于1989年,在中国福建创立。在中国,匹克不仅是首个进入NBA赛场的中国体育品牌,更与NBA结成官方市场合作伙伴关系,已经成为中国当之无愧的篮球第一品牌。匹克,由英文英文 PEAK 音译音译而来,寓意着不断攀越高峰的自我挑战精神!匹克三角形图形标志三角形图形标志代表着山峰,象征着匹克不断攀越高峰的自我挑战和创造未来。以“更快、更高、更强、更团结”的奥林匹克精神奥林匹克精神,塑造出体育运动品牌
7、崇高的形象。词源解读:词源解读:peak 的词源义和基本义是的词源义和基本义是“尖尖”。peak n C 尖形;尖头:尖形;尖头:the peaks of a roof 山峰;山顶:山峰;山顶:a mountain peak 常用单数高峰;顶峰常用单数高峰;顶峰(height):at the peak of sbs careerBy 700 AD,Maya civilisation was at its peak.外研新选必 5Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the mornings.peak山峰的山峰的“尖尖”物体的物体的“尖尖”抽象事
8、物的抽象事物的“尖尖”peakadj 最高的;高峰的:最高的;高峰的:peak hoursat peak timesa peak seasonvi 达到最高点;达到高峰:达到最高点;达到高峰:Wind speeds peaked at 105 miles per hour yesterday.名词动词化名词动词化peak 语义网络图语义网络图物体的物体的“尖尖”山峰的山峰的“尖尖”抽象事物的抽象事物的“尖尖”尖形;尖头尖形;尖头山峰;山顶山峰;山顶高峰;顶峰高峰;顶峰尖尖(基本义)(基本义)peakcover&coverage1.Low clouds envelop the mountains
9、ides,which are covered with thick grass.2019 全国2.In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.2012 全国3.Since he first started offering rides to the young people,Wilson has covered 64,000 miles.2019 北京4.Does the fee cover the charge for visiting the place?5.A journ
10、alist was sent to cover the conference.6.To cover the cost of hiring a bus,each student will have to pay$10 each time.2010 福建cover vt【温故温故】语境复习语境复习被覆盖被覆盖掩饰掩饰走完(一段路程)走完(一段路程)包括包括采访采访足以支付足以支付 覆盖覆盖范围:范围:5G coverage areas (书、节目、课程等的)内容范围;信息范围:书、节目、课程等的)内容范围;信息范围:magazines with extensive coverage of diet
11、 and health topics 新闻报道:新闻报道:When the journey ended,Zacs adventure received widespread media coverage.保险范围:保险范围:insurance coveragecoverage n U(cover+-age)同族词:同族词:cover,coverage,discover,recover,uncover覆盖覆盖 cover v (基本义)(基本义)用某物覆盖覆盖某物覆盖;遮盖覆盖;遮盖覆盖覆盖多个抽象事物覆盖覆盖距离或空间覆盖覆盖新闻事件覆盖覆盖费用、花销 涵盖;包括;涵盖;包括;涉及;处理涉及;
12、处理走完(一段路走完(一段路程);占地程);占地采访;报道采访;报道 足以支付;足以支付;够付够付cover&coverage 语义网络图语义网络图覆盖范围(书、节目、课程等的)内容范围;信息范围保险范围新闻报道coveragecovertune看图猜词看图猜词in tune 合调合调 out of tune 跑调跑调 tune n C 调子;曲调;旋律:调子;曲调;旋律:the movies theme tune U 和谐和谐in tune 合调;协调:合调;协调:sing in tunebe in tune with the times out of tune 走调;不协调:走调;不协调:
13、I have no ear for music.My singing is out of tune.be out of tune with the times sing a different tune 改变观点改变观点/态度态度sing the same tune(as sb)(和某人)持同样的态度和主张(和某人)持同样的态度和主张 vi 为(音乐)调音;调(收音机,电视频道)为(音乐)调音;调(收音机,电视频道)tune in 收听;收看:收听;收看:tune in to a radio stationenormousadj 巨大的;庞大的巨大的;庞大的 extremely large(h
14、uge):an enormous amount of time/money He knows so much about the subject.His knowledge is enormous.enormously adv 非常;极其非常;极其构词:构词:e-(out of)+norm(正常、常规正常、常规)+-ous(形容词后缀形容词后缀)超出正常范围的超出正常范围的 巨大的巨大的使役动词后缀使役动词后缀-en使役动词后缀使役动词后缀-en 可加在形容词和名词后构成动词,意为可加在形容词和名词后构成动词,意为“使使成成为为;使变得;使变得”。将所给名词或形容词加上后缀将所给名词或形容词加
15、上后缀-en,变为动词,并写出其汉语释义。,变为动词,并写出其汉语释义。1.strength _ _ 2.length _ _ 3.straight _ _ 4.sharp _ _5.weak _ _ 6.less _ _ 7.broad _ _ 8.short _ _ 加强加强/增强增强(使)变长(使)变长 (使)变直(使)变直(使)变得锋利(使)变得锋利(使)衰弱(使)衰弱(使)减少(使)减少 (使)变宽(使)变宽strengthenlengthenstraightensharpenweakenlessenbroadenshorten(使)变短(使)变短/缩短缩短用括号内单词的正确形式填空
16、,体会用括号内单词的正确形式填空,体会。1.密封的信封 a _(seal)envelope 2.冉冉升起的太阳 the _(rise)sun3.比萨斜塔 the _(lean)Tower of Pisa 4.已故的朋友 the _(depart)friend5.引爆的炸弹 the _(explode)bomb 6.虚线 the _(dot)line7.坍塌的建筑物 _(collapse)buildings 8.合格的老师 a _(qualify)teacher很多动词的-ed 形式和-ing 形式已经成为独立词条,称作分词形容词。其中有一类分词形容词,如动词的 _ 形式表示动作已完成动作已完成
17、;动词的 _ 形式表示动作正在进行动作正在进行。sealedrising Leaning departed exploded dottedcollapsed qualified-ed-ing用括号内单词的正确形式填空,体会用括号内单词的正确形式填空,体会。1.This is by far the most _(inspire)movie that I have ever seen.(2013 辽宁)2.Its more _(stimulate)for performers to have an audience to play with.3.Theres no reason to be _(d
18、isappoint).As a matter of fact,this could be rather _(amuse).(2014 浙江)4.To generate new money,the sport needs to be more _(entertain).5.For parents,it is an easy way of keeping their children _(entertain),or simply out of harms way.有一类分词形容词,如动词的 _ 形式可用来表示人的感受人的感受;动词的 _ 形式则可用来表示人人/物给人带来的感受物给人带来的感受。in
19、spiringstimulatingdisappointedamusingentertaining-ing-edentertained用括号内单词的正确形式填空,体会用括号内单词的正确形式填空,体会。1.The rise of the _(share)economy presents a new challenge to corporate managers.2.In recent years,_(share)bikes can be seen everywhere in China.3.Other things being equal,my _(prefer)major is English
20、.4.Many people dont realise that they are breathing _(pollute)air.5.The shop,though small,has a variety of _(import)goods.有一类分词形容词,如动词的 _ 形式可用来表示主动关系主动关系;动词的 _ 形式则可用来表示被动关系被动关系。sharing shared preferredpollutedimported-ing-ed根据所给提示,写出下列句子中画线单词或其词根词缀的汉语释义。根据所给提示,写出下列句子中画线单词或其词根词缀的汉语释义。词根词缀词根词缀1.I thin
21、k Tom,as the head of a big department,should either study regularly or quit his job.(2012 浙江)department:de-(apart 离)+part(to part 分开)+-ment(名词后缀)组织内部 _ 的部分 _2.Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.(2016 江苏)participation:part-(a part 一部分)+cip(t
22、o take 承担)+-tion(名词后缀)_ 其中的一部分 _分开分开部门部门承担承担参与参与3.At this stage we cant really anticipate what will happen.anticipate:anti-(before 先于、在前)+cip(to take/hold 抓住)+-ate(动词后缀)在 _ 抓住 在之前想到 _4.China exports tea and cotton to many foreign countries.export:ex-(away,out 离开、去别处、出去)+port(to carry 运输)_ 出去 _5.Many
23、 countries import wool from Australia.import:im-(into 向里)+port(to carry 运输)运输 _ _之前之前预期预期 /预料预料运输运输出口出口进来进来进口进口6.No matter how carefully you plan your finances,no one can predict when the unexpected will happen.(2014 浙江)predict:pre-(before 先于、在前)+dict(to say 说)事先 _ _7.We need to cooperate with each
24、other to win the game.cooperate:co-(with 与一起、共同)+opera(to work 工作)+-ate(动词后缀)与别人 _ 合作英语单词构词法的核心部分在于词根词根,词根决定单词的意思词根决定单词的意思。词根可以单独构成单词,也可以通过添加前缀或后缀构成新词。说说预言预言 /预测预测共同工作共同工作英语习语英语习语英语中有很多习语英语中有很多习语 (idioms),是人们经过长时间的使,是人们经过长时间的使用提炼出来的含有特殊意义的固定词语组合,其真正用提炼出来的含有特殊意义的固定词语组合,其真正的意义和字面意义往往相差甚远,不好理解和记忆。的意义和字
25、面意义往往相差甚远,不好理解和记忆。学习时,可以借助习语背后的词源故事或文化内涵来学习时,可以借助习语背后的词源故事或文化内涵来理解和学习,加深对它们的认知深度。理解和学习,加深对它们的认知深度。英语习语英语习语a stones throw想把一块石头扔到远处不是件易事,因此,英想把一块石头扔到远处不是件易事,因此,英语表达语表达“a stones throw”用来比喻两个地点之用来比喻两个地点之间非常近,类似于汉语成语间非常近,类似于汉语成语“一步之遥一步之遥”“”“一一箭之地箭之地”等。人们常用这个说法来描述相隔咫等。人们常用这个说法来描述相隔咫尺却无法用准确的数字形容的距离。尺却无法用准
26、确的数字形容的距离。The bookstore is within a stones throw of the school.The park is a stones throw from my house.strike a chord The professors comments on the meaning of good life seemed to strike a chord with the students.strike:击打;敲:击打;敲 chord:和弦:和弦 strike a chord 往往不是字面的意思往往不是字面的意思“敲击和敲击和弦弦”,而是引申为,而是引申为“引
27、起共鸣引起共鸣”,得到更多人,得到更多人的同情和理解。的同情和理解。take a leaf out of somebodys bookleaf:(书的)一页:(书的)一页take a leaf out of somebodys book 直译是直译是“从人从人家的书里摘取一页家的书里摘取一页”。这句成语本来是指学生抄。这句成语本来是指学生抄袭同学笔记或作业、稿匠剽窃他人著作等不诚实袭同学笔记或作业、稿匠剽窃他人著作等不诚实行为,现在一般用于形容行为,现在一般用于形容“模仿别人模仿别人”。Why dont you take a leaf out of Davids book and keep y
28、our room tidy as well?change ones tunechange ones tune 中中 tune 意为意为“曲调曲调”,所以,所以 change ones tune 的字面意思是的字面意思是“改换曲改换曲调调”,后来引申为,后来引申为“改变主意改变主意或决定或决定”“”“变卦变卦”。You might have to change your tune in the face of industry changes.英语中的metaphor(隐喻)来源于希腊语 metaphora,该词由 meta-(over)和 pherein(to carry)合成,合起来意思是
29、to carry over(拿过来)。因此,隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物,并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式,无处不在,它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。隐喻隐喻 metaphor选择性必修选择性必修B4U1 选择性必修选择性必修B4U3典型词典型词单词单词基本义基本义比喻义比喻义shift(选必四选必四 U1)(使)转移(使)转移(使)改变(使)改变pure(选必四选必四 U2)纯的纯的纯洁的;纯净的纯洁的;纯净的gateway(选必四选必四 U3)门口门口途径途径peak(选
30、必四选必四 U3)尖尖山顶;高峰山顶;高峰 crossroads(选必四选必四 U3)十字路口十字路口关键时期关键时期 /转折点;转折点;活动中心活动中心 /汇集地汇集地本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.When the journey ended,Zacs adventure received widespread media coverage.2.I have no ear for music.My singing is out of tune.3.He knows so much about the subject.His knowledge is enormous.随堂检测随堂检测写出下
31、列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.We need extra help during the peak season._2.The mountain peak was covered with snow._3.The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century._ 4.The athletes are all in peak condition._山峰山峰 处于全盛时期处于全盛时期处于巅峰状态处于巅峰状态peak旺季旺季一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1 1个个适当的适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
32、式。单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.The waitress covered the table _ a cloth.2.The most attractive point of GPS is its 100%_(cover)on the planet.二、根据句意,用一个单词替换下列各句中的二、根据句意,用一个单词替换下列各句中的cover。1.He laughed to cover his nervousness._2.They walked for a long time and covered almost 20 miles._3.The course covers all aspec
33、ts of business and law._withhidetravelledincludescoveragecover&coveragetune写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Shell also be playing your favorite pop tunes._2.It was just an ordinary voice,but he sang in tune._3.Finally,my mother decided to sing the same tune as me and respected my decision._ 合调合调歌
34、曲歌曲和和持有同样的态度持有同样的态度/主主张张enormous一、选出能替换画线部分的单词。一、选出能替换画线部分的单词。Broadway district with its cafs,street performers and enormous and colourful signs really captures New Yorks loud spirit!(various/huge)二、根据所给汉语,用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语,用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.The project generated _(浓厚的兴趣).2.He was always generous in sharing his _(渊博的知识).3._(大量的时间)has been spent on these problems.enormous interestAn enormous amount of timeenormous knowledge谢谢谢谢观观赏赏