1、M1U 3 Vocabulary M1U 3 Vocabulary I I1.on the rocks1)(关系关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃陷于困境，濒临崩溃=in troubleOur film industry is on the rocks.2)（在酒吧）加（在酒吧）加冰块冰块Ill have a whisky on the rocks.我要威士忌加冰。我要威士忌加冰。on the rocks和和with ice两者都有加冰的意思，不同处在于，两者都有加冰的意思，不同处在于，on the rocks 常用在喝洋酒常用在喝洋酒(烈酒如威士忌、伏特加或特别调烈酒如威士忌、伏特加或特别调酒（酒（c
2、ocktail）时，而）时，而with ice则是用于可乐、汽水等则是用于可乐、汽水等“软饮软饮料料”。2.awkward adj.1)making you feel embarrassed令人尴尬的令人尴尬的 There was an awkward silence.Youve put me in an awkward position.你你使得使得我左右为难，狼狈不堪。我左右为难，狼狈不堪。2)not moving in an easy way(动作动作)笨拙的，笨拙的，不不舒适的舒适的He tried to dance,but he was too clumsy and awkward.
3、3)difficult to deal with 难对付的难对付的an awkward customer She smiled awkwardly.He laughed to cover up his feeling of awkwardness.3.sight n.1)the ability to see;eyesight;vision 视力，视觉视力，视觉lose ones sight 失明失明2)the act of seeing sb/sth.看见看见My husband faints at the sight of blood.She caught sight of a car in
4、 the distance.3)how far you can see 视野，视力范围视野，视力范围There was no one in sight.Peace is now in sight.(be likely to happen soon 可能即将发生）可能即将发生）out of sight 看不见看不见，在视野，在视野外外4）C a thing that you see or can see 看见（或看得见）看见（或看得见）的事物；的事物；景象景象a rare sight 罕见的景象罕见的景象sights 名胜名胜，风景风景out of sight,out of mind 眼不见，心
5、不烦眼不见，心不烦on sight 一一看见，一见到看见，一见到disappear/vanish from sight 消失消失不见不见come into sight 出现出现，进入视野，进入视野 come in sight of 看见看见4.origin n.1)the point from which sth starts 起源，源头起源，源头the origins of lifeThis particular custom has its origins in Wales.这一特殊风俗这一特殊风俗起源于起源于威尔士威尔士。2)a persons social and family bac
6、kground 身世；身世；出身出身She never forgot her humble origins.她她从未忘记自己卑微的出生。从未忘记自己卑微的出生。Two thirds of the students are of Asian origin.亚裔亚裔country/place of origin 出生、原产国出生、原产国/地地original adj.起初的；独创的；原作的起初的；独创的；原作的 n.原作，原稿，正本，原件原作，原稿，正本，原件I think you should go back to your original plan.an original idea 独到独到
7、的见解的见解The original manuscript has been lost.原稿原稿已经遗失已经遗失。originally adv.原来，起初原来，起初originate vi.发源，起源发源，起源；vt.创始，创建创始，创建 the theory originator cn.创始者，发明者创始者，发明者originality un.独创性，创意，独特构思独创性，创意，独特构思5.medium n5.medium n.Pl Pl media media 1)a way of communicating information,etc.to people（传播信息（传播信息的）的）媒
8、介媒介the medium of radio/television 广播广播电视电视媒介媒介social media 社交媒体社交媒体2)something that is used for a particular purpose 手段手段,工具工具,方法方法Video is a good medium for learning a foreign language.录像录像是一是一种学习种学习外语的好外语的好方法方法.adj.the middle between 2 sizes,amounts,etc.中等的，中号的中等的，中号的a man of medium height/build 中
9、等身材的人中等身材的人There are three sizessmall,medium and large.6.make it6.make itThe flight leaves in 20 minutes well never make it.准时到达准时到达Im sorry I wont be able to make it on Saturday.能够出席能够出席He was told he had no talent and would never make it as a professional singer.获得成功获得成功The doctors think hes going
10、 to make it.幸免于难幸免于难，渡过，渡过难关难关7.recover7.recover1)vi.恢复健康，康复，痊愈恢复健康，康复，痊愈Hes still recovering from his operation.手术后，他手术后，他仍在恢复仍在恢复之中。之中。2)vi.to return to a normal state after an unpleasant or unusual experience or a period of difficulty 复原，恢复常复原，恢复常态态It can take many years to recover from the death
11、 of a loved one.The economy is at last beginning to recover.经济终于开始复苏了经济终于开始复苏了。3)vt.to get back or find sth lost/stolen 找回找回,寻回寻回The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings.警方最终追回了失窃的画警方最终追回了失窃的画.4)vt.to get back the use of your senses,control of your emotions,etc.恢复恢复,重新重新控制控制recover consc
12、iousness/sight 恢复知觉恢复知觉/视力视力She seemed upset but quickly recovered herself.她她显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。来。recovery n.恢复；痊愈恢复；痊愈made a full recovery from operation 术后完全恢复术后完全恢复make a remarkable/quick/slow recovery 恢复显著恢复显著、迅速、迅速、缓慢缓慢economic recovery 经济复苏经济复苏8.horrible adj.8.horrible adj.令人震惊的；可恶令人震
13、惊的；可恶的，极坏的的，极坏的a horrible crime/nightmare 骇人听闻骇人听闻的罪行；可怕的噩梦的罪行；可怕的噩梦horrible weather 糟透了的糟透了的天气天气horribly adv.可怕地；极其，非常可怕地；极其，非常9.respond 9.respond vi.vi.1)（口头或书面）回答，口头或书面）回答，回应回应 respond to sth with sth 用短信回复了我的信件用短信回复了我的信件 respond to my letter with a message2)to do sth as a reaction to sth that sb
14、 has said or done 作出反应；作出反应；响应响应 他们他们对这则消息有什么反应？对这则消息有什么反应？How did they respond to the news?这种感染对这些药物毫无反应。这种感染对这些药物毫无反应。The infection did not respond to the drugs.response n.in response to sth对对做出回应、响应做出回应、响应 make no response to 这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。The product was developed in resp
15、onse to customer demand.responsive adj.反应敏捷的，反应积极的，反应热烈反应敏捷的，反应积极的，反应热烈的的 公司公司必须对顾客的需求作出积极反应必须对顾客的需求作出积极反应。Firms have to be responsive to consumer demand.10.loss n.U失去，丧失；失去，丧失；C 亏损；亏损；c/u去世去世;sing 损失损失loss of blood 失血失血 weight loss 体重体重减少减少The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job los
16、ses.工厂工厂倒闭会使许多人倒闭会使许多人失业失业。The company has announced net losses of$1.5 million.The loss of his wife was a great blow to him.他妻子去世对他是个巨大的打击。他妻子去世对他是个巨大的打击。Her departure is a big/great loss to the school.她的离开她的离开对对学校学校来说是一个巨大的损失来说是一个巨大的损失。at a loss 1)not knowing what to say or do 不知所措；不知所措；困惑困惑His com
17、ments left me at a loss for words.他他的评论让我的评论让我不知说什么才好不知说什么才好。Im at a loss what to do next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱我对下一步做什么心里没谱。2)亏本地亏本地We are now operating at a loss.我们现在是我们现在是亏本亏本经营经营。11.judge v.11.judge v.1）vt.to give your opinion about sb,especially in an unfair of criticizing way评价评价，（尤指），（尤指）批评批评What gives
18、 you the right to judge other people?你你有什么权利对有什么权利对别人评头论足别人评头论足？dont judge a book by its cover勿以貌取人勿以貌取人;勿勿只凭外表只凭外表判断判断2）vt/vi.to form an opinion about sb/sth,based on all the the information you have判断判断；断定；断定；认为；认为You should never judge a person by/from their looks.这次巡回演出被认为是大获成功这次巡回演出被认为是大获成功。The
19、 tour was judged(to be)a great success.Judging by/from her last letter,they are having a wonderful time.依据依据来判断来判断As far as I can judge,all of them are to blame.依依我我看看3)vt.审判，判决审判，判决judge sb.guilty/not guilty/innocent 判某人有罪判某人有罪无罪无罪4)vt./vi.to decide the result of a competition;to be the judge in a
20、competition 裁判；评判；担任裁判；评判；担任裁判裁判She was asked to judge the essay competition.judge n.法官；裁判员；鉴定人法官；裁判员；鉴定人judgement/judgment n.1)U 判断力，识别力判断力，识别力She showed a lack of judgement when she gave Mark the job.a decision based on sound judgement以良好判断力为基础的决定以良好判断力为基础的决定2)C/U看法看法；意见；评价；意见；评价He refused to make
21、 a judgement about the situation.他他拒绝拒绝对对形势形势作出评价作出评价。pass judgement(on sth.)(对对)发表批评意见发表批评意见3)C/U 审判，判决审判，判决12.in the wrong （在事故、错误、争论等中）有错，（在事故、错误、争论等中）有错，应承担责任应承担责任骑摩托车的人显然对事故负有责任。骑摩托车的人显然对事故负有责任。The motorcyclist was clearly in the wrong.two wrongs dont make a right怨怨相怨怨相报何时了；报何时了；以牙还牙行不通以牙还牙行不通1
22、3.apologize v.13.apologize v.道歉，谢罪道歉，谢罪apologize to sb for sth apology c/un.demand/accept an apology 要求道歉、接受道歉要求道歉、接受道歉make an apology(to sb)for sth 为某事（向某人）道歉为某事（向某人）道歉owe sb.an apology 需要向某人道歉需要向某人道歉14.case 14.case n.n.具体具体情况，事例，实例；案件；诉讼；情况，事例，实例；案件；诉讼；容器容器in some/many cases 在某些在某些/很多情况下很多情况下a cla
23、ssic case of poor design 蹩脚设计的蹩脚设计的典型例子典型例子a murder case 谋杀案谋杀案 to win/lose a case 胜胜/败诉败诉a pencil/jewellery case 铅笔盒铅笔盒/首饰盒首饰盒in any case 无论如何，不管怎样无论如何，不管怎样in no case 绝不，无论如何都不绝不，无论如何都不(just)in case =because of the possibility of sth.happening以防，以防，以防万一以防万一in case of sth.=if sth.happens 如果如果,要是要是.i
24、n that case 既然那样，如果那样的话既然那样，如果那样的话15.frank 15.frank adj.adj.honest and truthfulhonest and truthful坦率地坦率地,坦诚坦诚的的,直言不讳的直言不讳的be frank with sb.be frank about sth.to be frank 坦率地坦率地说说对于所发生的一切，他对她是完全坦白的对于所发生的一切，他对她是完全坦白的He was completely frank with her about what happened.frankness un.坦诚坦诚16.trick 16.tric
25、k 1）vt.欺骗，欺诈欺骗，欺诈trick sb.into doing sth.诱使某人做某事诱使某人做某事trick sb.ou of sth.从某人处骗走某物从某人处骗走某物他骗我借给了他他骗我借给了他100英镑英镑。He tricked me into lending him 100.2)cn.诡计诡计,花招花招,骗局骗局;恶作剧恶作剧;戏法戏法,把戏把戏;诀窍诀窍,窍门窍门,技巧技巧play tricks on sb.戏弄某人戏弄某人a magic/card trick 魔术魔术/纸牌戏法纸牌戏法The trick is to bend your knees as you catch
26、 the ball.tricky adj.难对付的难对付的,棘手的棘手的,难办的难办的;(人人)狡猾的狡猾的,诡计多端的诡计多端的17.ignore vt.17.ignore vt.to pay no attention to sth 忽忽视视,对对不予理会不予理会He ignored all the No Smoking signs and lit up a cigarette.他无视所有他无视所有“禁止吸烟禁止吸烟”的警示，点了香烟的警示，点了香烟。ignorant adj.(对对某某事物事物)不不了解了解的的,无知的无知的,愚昧的愚昧的be ignorant of/about sth 对
27、对一无所知一无所知ignorance un.无知，不了解无知，不了解18.suffer18.suffer 1)vi.to be badly affected by（因疾病因疾病、悲伤、自然灾害、悲伤、自然灾害、缺少某物等缺少某物等）受苦，受难，受）受苦，受难，受折磨折磨He suffers from depression.2)vt.to experience sth.unpleasant,such as injury,defeat or loss 遭受遭受,蒙受蒙受suffer huge losses/a defeat/an attack/great pain3)vi.to become wo
28、rse 变变差，变糟差，变糟Product quality suffers when costs are cut.suffering/sufferings 疼痛，折磨，痛苦疼痛，折磨，痛苦sufferer n.受苦者，受难者，患病者受苦者，受难者，患病者19.contact 19.contact municate with sb.by municate with sb.by telephone or letter telephone or letter 联系，联络联系，联络 Ive been trying to contact you all day.n.联系，联络；接触联系，联络；接触 ha
29、ve much/little contact with sb keep in contact with sb 与某人保持联系与某人保持联系lose contact with sb 与某人失去联系与某人失去联系make contact with sb 与某人取得联系与某人取得联系avoid eye/physical contact 避免眼神接触避免眼神接触Cn.熟人熟人,（尤指）社会关系尤指）社会关系social/personal contacts 社会上社会上的的/私下私下的的熟人熟人network of contacts 人脉关系，人际关系圈人脉关系，人际关系圈20.explode20.ex
30、plode1)vi.(愤怒等感情愤怒等感情)爆发，爆发，迸发迸发 Suddenly Charles exploded with rage.查尔斯查尔斯勃然大怒勃然大怒。2)vi.爆炸爆炸=blow up=go offBombs were exploding all around the city.3)vt.使爆炸使爆炸Bomb disposal experts exploded the device under controlled conditions.炸弹销毁专家在受控条件下引爆了这个装置炸弹销毁专家在受控条件下引爆了这个装置。4)突增，激增，猛增突增，激增，猛增the exploding
31、 world populationexplosion n.爆炸爆炸;爆发爆发;激增激增bomb/gas/nuclear explosionthe population explosion in India explosive adj.易爆炸易爆炸的，爆炸性的，爆炸性的；激增的；暴躁的的；激增的；暴躁的 n.炸药，爆炸物炸药，爆炸物21.generous adj.21.generous adj.1)慷慨的；大方慷慨的；大方的的 be generous with your time 不吝惜时间不吝惜时间be generous in giving help 乐于助人乐于助人be generous t
32、o the kids 对孩子很大方对孩子很大方It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.他他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。2)大量大量的，丰富的，丰富的，充足的，充足的的a generous helping of meat 一大份一大份肉肉a generous amount of space 空间很大空间很大3)宽宏大量的宽宏大量的a generous mind 宽阔的胸怀宽阔的胸怀generously adv.慷慨地慷慨地generosity un.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量慷慨，大方；宽宏大量他对穷人的慷慨令我影
33、响深刻。他对穷人的慷慨令我影响深刻。Im impressed with his generosity to the poor.an act of generosity 慷慨之举，慷慨的行为慷慨之举，慷慨的行为22.count on/upon 22.count on/upon 依靠，依赖；指依靠，依赖；指望望 =depend on/rely on“Im sure hell help.”“Dont count on it.”count on sb.to do sth.count on(sb.)doing sth.我我就靠你帮助我啦。就靠你帮助我啦。Im counting on your to he
34、lp me.几乎没人能指望一辈子都干一个工作。几乎没人能指望一辈子都干一个工作。Few people can count on having a job for life.count v.count v.1)数数数数 count from 1 to 102)计算计算/清点总数清点总数 count up the guests3)把把算入，包括算入，包括We have invited 50 people,not counting the children.4)vi.重要重要,有价值有价值=matter 第一印象真的很重要。第一印象真的很重要。First impressions do count.W
35、hat counts is what they do with the money.count for much/nothing 很重要，有价值很重要，有价值/不重要，没有价值不重要，没有价值5）看作，算作，认为）看作，算作，认为 count as我不在把他看做是朋友了。我不在把他看做是朋友了。I dont count him as a friend any more.I count myself lucky to have known him.和和他相识，我觉得很幸运。他相识，我觉得很幸运。dont count your chickens(before theyre hatched)不要高兴
36、得太早不要高兴得太早23.eat away at23.eat away at1）to reduce or destroy sth.gradually 侵蚀侵蚀，消耗，逐渐破，消耗，逐渐破坏坏 他的赌博正在逐渐消耗他们的收入。他的赌博正在逐渐消耗他们的收入。His gambling is eating away at their income.他不断的批评使她逐渐丧失了自信心。他不断的批评使她逐渐丧失了自信心。His constant criticism ate away at her self-confidence.2)使某人担心、苦恼使某人担心、苦恼24.shallow adj.24.sha
37、llow adj.1）浅的）浅的 ant.deepa shallow dish 浅盘浅盘the shallow end of the pool 泳池的浅水区泳池的浅水区2)肤浅的，浅薄的肤浅的，浅薄的 syn.superficiala shallow argument 肤浅的论点肤浅的论点I think he is shallow,vain and untrustworthy.我认为他浅薄我认为他浅薄、虚荣、不可信、虚荣、不可信。shallowly adv.shallowness e between A and B e between A and B 损害损害之间的关系，之间的关系，离间离间我
38、不想让这种误解损害我们之间的关系。我不想让这种误解损害我们之间的关系。I dont want this misunderstanding to come between us.26.through thick and thin 同甘共苦，赴汤蹈火，不顾艰难同甘共苦，赴汤蹈火，不顾艰难险阻险阻His wife stuck faithfully to him through thick and thin.他的妻子和他同甘共苦，对他坚贞不渝他的妻子和他同甘共苦，对他坚贞不渝。Hes supported the team for over ten years through thick and thi
39、n.十多年来十多年来，在任何情况下他都支持这个队，在任何情况下他都支持这个队。27.quality n.27.quality n.1)U the standard of sth;how good or bad sth is质量质量;品质品质goods of high/good/poor qualityimprove the quality of life2)usu pl.good character（尤指好的）人品，素质，品德（尤指好的）人品，素质，品德have leadership qualities 有领导素质有领导素质他具有医生所必需的个人素质，比如诚实、宽容。他具有医生所必需的个人素质
40、，比如诚实、宽容。He has the personal qualities necessary to be a doctor,such as honesty and generosity.3)C characteristic,feature 特征，特点特征，特点the physical and chemical qualities of the rockThe drugs addictive quality is known to all.毒品令人上瘾的特性众所周知毒品令人上瘾的特性众所周知。adj.优质的，非常优质的，非常好的好的quality service 优质服务优质服务qualit
41、y furniture 高档家具高档家具28.basis n.28.basis n.pl.pl.bases bases 基础；原因；基准基础；原因；基准on the basis of 在在某事的基础某事的基础上，根据上，根据某某事事 on a regular/daily/weekly basis 定期地；每天；每周定期地；每天；每周The book was written on the basis of careful observations.basic adj.基础的，根本的基础的，根本的 principles/informationbase n.底座；基础，根据；基地底座；基础，根据；基
42、地 vt.把把建立在建立在基础上基础上;把把总部设在总部设在 base A on/upon B A be based on/upon B.base.in be based in Their relationship was based on mutual respect.29.respect 29.respect vt.尊重，尊敬尊重，尊敬 respect sb.for sth.n.1）U尊敬，尊重尊敬，尊重 have/show respect for out of respect for 出于对出于对.的尊重的尊重 treat sb.with respect 尊敬地尊敬地对待某人对待某人 2
43、)C 方面方面 in this respect 在这个方面在这个方面 in respect of/with respect to 关于关于,就就而言而言 with all due respect 恕我直言恕我直言 send ones respects to sb.代某人问候某人代某人问候某人respectable adj.体面的，值得尊敬的体面的，值得尊敬的respectful adj.showing or feeling respect 恭敬的恭敬的,表示敬意的表示敬意的 They listened in respectful silence.My parents are respectfu
44、l to my independence.respectfully adv.恭敬地恭敬地respective adj.separate 各自的，分别的各自的，分别的 go back to our respective homes experts in their respective fields30.get over 30.get over 1)recover(从不快或疾病中从不快或疾病中)恢复过来恢复过来It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death.我过了很长时间才从她去世的震惊中恢复过来我过了很长时间才从她去
45、世的震惊中恢复过来。2)解决，克服，控制解决，克服，控制 get over the problem=overcome the problem get over your shyness31.efficient adj.31.efficient adj.效率高的，高效能的，有效率高的，高效能的，有能力的能力的the efficient use of energy 能源能源的有效利用的有效利用an efficient secretary 效率高的秘书效率高的秘书ant.inefficient 效率低的，无效率的效率低的，无效率的efficiently adv.高效地高效地efficiency n.
46、效率，效能，功效效率，效能，功效32.extra 32.extra adj.adj.额外的，分外的，附额外的，分外的，附加的加的 adv.adv.额外，另外；特额外，另外；特别，格外别，格外take extra care额外小心额外小心an extra ten minutes 多多给给10分钟分钟buy one get one extra for free 买买一赠一一赠一work extra hard 格外格外努力努力33.bring out33.bring out1)使使显现，使表现出显现，使表现出Fatherhood seems to have brought out the carin
47、g side of him.当了父亲以后，他当了父亲以后，他呵护体贴呵护体贴的一面似乎表现出来了的一面似乎表现出来了。The dress really brings out the color of your eyes.bring out the best/worst in sb.把某人最好把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出最坏的一面展现出来来2）生产；出版）生产；出版 bring out a new album 34.measure v.34.measure v.1)vt.测量，度量测量，度量measuring cup/tape/instruments量杯、卷尺、测量仪器量杯、卷尺、测量仪器mea
48、sure sb.for sth.给某人量体裁衣给某人量体裁衣正在给她量尺寸做婚纱。正在给她量尺寸做婚纱。She is being measured for her wedding dress.2）vt.估量估量，判定（重要性、价值或影响等），判定（重要性、价值或影响等）=assess教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。Education shouldnt be measured purely by examination results.3)Linking verb.（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为The pond measures ab
49、out 2 meters across.这个这个池塘宽约池塘宽约2米米.这个尺寸为这个尺寸为6*6米的房间将被用作我们的书房。米的房间将被用作我们的书房。The room measuring 6 by 6 meters will be used as our study.n.度量单位；度量单位；措施；措施；评判标准，尺度评判标准，尺度a measure of length 长度测量单位长度测量单位precautionary/preventive measurestake measures to do sth.be a measure of.是对是对的评判标准的评判标准Exam results
50、are not necessarily a true measure of students abilities.in full measure 最大程度低，最大程度低，最大限度地（回报所受之物）最大限度地（回报所受之物）They returned our hospitality in full measure.他们最大程度低回报我们的款待。他们最大程度低回报我们的款待。for good measure 外加，额外外加，额外He sold me the car at a cheap price and included the radio for good measure.他廉价卖给我这辆汽车
