1、必修三必修三Unit 3 Diverse CulturesUnit 3 Diverse Cultures知识点复习知识点复习 1._ vt.&vi.定居;结束;解决_ n.移民；定居点n.移民；殖民者_ settlesettlementsettler2_ vi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)_ n.准许;允许_ adj.明确的;确定的admitadmissiondefinite4._ vt.影响;对起作用 n.影响;作用 _ adj.有影响力的definitioninfluentialinfluence6_ n.机会;运气,_ adj.幸运的;运气好的fortunatefortune3.
2、_ adv.肯定;确实definitely5_ adj.不同的;多种多样的_ n.多样性;差异diversitydiverse_ vt.使多样化diversifyaaj.固定的；不变的settled_ fortunately_ adv.幸运地 _ n.释义;定义7_ vt.挑选;选拔_ n.选择;挑选selectionselect8_ n.种类_ adj.各种各样的variousvariety _ adj.适当的;suitable10_ vt.包含;含有;容纳;克制_ n.容器containercontain11_ adv.传统上;习惯上9._ vt.适合;满足需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装
3、traditiontraditionally _ adj.传统的;守旧的suit13._ v.参加;参与 _ n.参加;参与 participateparticipation12._ v.操作；操纵_ adj.流利的;流畅的fluentlyfluent_ n.流利;流畅fluencyselected_ adj.精选的 _ n.传统;传统的信仰(或风俗)traditionparticipant_ n.参与者;参加者 _ vi.&vt.变化 vary重点短语重点短语1.少数民族_2.多元文化_3.前进；向.去_4.一系列/一连串_5.导致；引起_6.仅举几例_7.寻找成功致富之路；穿世界_8.参与
4、；参加_9.除.之外_ _10.进出口_11.金融危机_12.谋生_13.第一手；亲自_14.安顿下来_15.过去常常做 _ethnic peoplediverse culturehead toa series of bring aboutto name but a fewseek ones fortuneparticipate inapart fromaside fromimport and exportfinancial crisis earn/make a livingfirst handsettle in/into used to do 16.依靠,依赖 _depend on/upon
5、 1.settle vt.&vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)settlement n.移民；定居点 settler n.移民；殖民者 settled adj.固定的；不变的 settle in/into安顿下来;习惯于;适应 settle down(使)安定;安居;习惯于某种生活或工作 settle down to doing sth.着手认真做某事The _here and their _ should be _.(settle)移民者们在这里定居了,他们的定居点应该是不变的。settlers settledsettlementsettled2.occur vi.发生,出现 sth.o
6、ccur(s)to sb.某人想到 浮现在某人的脑海中 It occurs to sb.to do/that+从句 某人想到occurhappentake placebreak out vi.可指某事偶然发生,可与happen互换,但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时,用occur,后接介词tovi.特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”,要用sth.happen(s)to sb.;happen to do sth.表示“碰巧做某事”多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生,比如举办活动、发生变化等自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态表示“某人想
7、到”句型还有：1.It strikes/hits sb.+that从句;2.sth.strike(s)sb.;e(s)to sb.;4.sb.hit(s)on sth.Its incredible that the idea occurred _ him in a dream.It never occurred to him _(ask)anyone.选词填空(occur,happen,take place,break out)The terrible war _in 1937.What _ to you last night?When will the wedding _?toto askb
8、roke outhappenedtake place3.used to do过去常常做 used to有两个否定形式和两个疑问形式。一种直接使用used;一种借助于助动词did,如下:否定式：否定式：used not to do=usednt to do did not use to do=didnt use to do 疑问形式疑问形式:Used+主语+to+动词原形.?Did+主语+use+to+动词原形.?Used your father to drink a lot?你父亲曾经喝酒很多吗?used to do sth.be used to(doing)sth.be used to do
9、 sth.Mr White _live in China,so he _Chinese dishes.Bamboo can _build houses.I _much when wewere at school.以前我们上学时,我并不太喜欢他。used tois used tobe used todidnt use to/usednt to like him表示过去惯常化的动作或经常存在的状态,意为“过去常常做”表示“习惯于”,其中to为介词,后接(动)名词为被动语态,意为“被用来做某事”4.earn a living谋生 earn ones/a living谋生 earn/make a li
10、ving by/from靠谋生 earn ones own living自食其力 earn money/a fortune挣钱/大钱 earn sb.praise/a reputation 赢得赞扬/名声(1)Since his parents died early,he had to_when he was a teenager.因双亲早亡,他十几岁的时候就不得不独自谋生。(2)People of their village _ from rabbit farming.他们村的人都是靠饲养兔挣大钱的。earn his own livingearned a fortune5.bring abo
11、ut导致;引起 除bring about外,常见的表示“引起,导致”的词汇还有:cause,result in,lead to,contribute to等。bring up 养育,抚养;提出;呕吐 bring back带回;使想起 bring down降低;减少 bring in引进;赚得,挣得 bring out出版;阐明;使表现出6.escape vi.&vt.逃走;逃脱;避开 n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱 escape(doing)sth.逃脱(做)某事 escape from/out of.从逃跑,逃走 escape ones attention/notice逃过某人的注意;have a n
12、arrow escape 九死一生 make ones escape逃脱;逃走 The driver narrowly _in the traffic accident.这名司机在车祸中差一点被撞死。escaped being killed7.It is likely that.意为“很可能”。be likely to do sth.很可能做某事单词意义用法possible强调客观上有可能,但实际上可能性很小It is possible that.或It is possible(for sb.)to do sth.probable指有根据,合情理。表示“大概,很可能”。语气比possible要
13、重,是most likely之意It is probable that.likely是常用词,指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”It is likely that.或sb./sth.be likely to do.8.variety n.种类 various adj.各种各样的 vary vi.&vt.变化,不同;使不同 a variety of=varieties of各种各样的 vary in在方面不同 vary from.to.从到变化 vary with随着变化The club offers _ of games to the local teenagers.The weather here
14、 _ from hour to hour.He also found some lists of game fans looking for _ versions of the game.varietiesvariesvarious9.suit vt.适合;满足需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装 suitable adj.适当的;相配的;恰当的 suit sb.(fine)(很)合某人的意;对某人(很)合适 suit.to.使适合于 a suit of一套 be suitable for.适合于 be suitable to do.适合做I must have this _cleaned.The
15、 house is not really _ for a large family.The colour of red _ her well,and she looks better in red.suitsuitablesuitssuit多指“合乎要求、口味等”,也可表示(衣服等)颜色、款式、花样等适合fit多指“衣服等尺寸、大小合身、合适”match“使相称,使匹配”,指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面相配选词填空(suit,fit,match)The coat _ you well,but I dont think the colour _you,because its colour doe
16、snt _ your shoes.fitssuitsmatch9.turn into 变成 turn away走开;转身;把某人拒之门外;转过脸去 turn up调大(音量,强度或流量);出现 turn off关上;拐弯 turn down关小;调低;拒绝 turn to sb.(for help)求助于,转向 turn out生产;结果是 turn over翻转;交付给 turn in上交10.a number of许多,大量的 a number of与与the number ofa number of相当于numbers of大量,许多。number可用形容词large,great和goo
17、d来修饰。只修饰可数名词的复数形式,作主语时,谓语动词用复数the number of表示“的数目”,后跟可数名词复数。作主语时谓语动词用单数常用来修饰名词的短语有:(1)修饰可数名词的短语:a great/good manya large/great/good number of a good few/quite a fewmany a(2)修饰不可数名词的短语:a great/good deal ofa great/large amount of quite a little(3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语:a lot of/lots ofa great/large quan
18、tity of large quantities ofplenty of11.fortune n.机会;运气 fortunate adj.幸运的;运气好的 fortunately adv.幸运地 try ones fortune 碰运气 tell sb.s fortune为某人算命 make a fortune发财 be fortunate to do sth./be fortunate in having sth.幸运地做/拥有 _,he came to the new island safely.It is also _for him to make his _ here.Fortunat
19、elyfortunatefortune12.influence vt.影响;对起作用 n.影响;作用 influential adj.有影响力的 influence sb.to do sth.影响某人去做某事 have an influence on/upon.对有影响 under the influence of.在的影响下 be influential in(doing)sth.对(做)某事颇有影响What influenced you _(choose)a career in nursing?It is thought that she had a big influence _ the
20、 art world of her time._ the influence of the rainy weather,we felt not so well.The moon _animals behavior.to chooseon/uponUnderhas an influence on1.I have to admit that_definitely _.我必须承认再次回到这座城市确实感觉很棒。2.Many of the people _ are from Mexico or Central America.许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。3.The majority of res
21、idents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,_ do not speak English fluently.唐人街的大部分居民仍然是华裔,其中很多人说英语不流利。4.I walked around _ for a few hours.我在街上转了几个小时,欣赏街头艺术。5.It has a long and famous history,_此处久负盛名，作家Robert曾长期在此写作。经典句式经典句式it feels good to be back in the of whom living herecity again looking at th
22、e street artmany with the author Robert having spent much time writing there.1.I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.我必须承认再次回到这座城市确实感觉很棒。it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的to do不定式to be back in the city again。动词不定式作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有easy,difficult,hard,i
23、mportant,possible等。it作形式主语时,真正的主语还可以由“动名词”或“从句”充当。经典句式用法经典句式用法经典句式用法经典句式用法1.It is not possible for Tom to recover in such a short time.汤姆不可能在如此短的时间内恢复健康。2.Its no harm drinking running water in that area.在那个地区喝自来水是无害的。(1)Lets get out quickly.Its no good _(waste)time.(2)_ is said that the tickets have
24、 been sold out.(3)Its difficult for me _(memorize)all these English words.wastingItto memorize2.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。本句中的living here为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语,修饰people,相当于一个定语从句who live here。动词-ing形式living here作后置定语,与被修饰词people之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。The chil
25、d _ is my brother.站在那儿的孩子是我弟弟。=The child _ is my brotherwho is standing over therestanding over there经典句式用法经典句式用法3.The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.唐人街的大部分居民仍然是华裔,其中很多人说英语不流利。非限制性定语从句,属于“介词+关系代词”形式,其中的关系代词用which或whom。Here are
26、the questions,_ I thought are too difficult for you.问题都在这儿,我认为其中一些对你来说太难。John invited about 40 people to his wedding,_ are family members.some of which经典句式用法经典句式用法most of whom【名师点津】(1)此类结构常见的有some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most/the largest.of which/whom等形式。(2)the+名词+of whom/which可转换为whose+名词。
27、I was reading three detective stories,the plots of which attracted me most.=I was reading three detective stories,whose plots attracted me most.注：1.关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句,但可用for which 代替why来引导。经典句式用法经典句式用法2.在“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句中,介词的选择原则。(1)根据介词与动词的搭配关系。There was nobody in the dark street,to whom she
28、 could turn for help.(turn to)(2)根据介词与形容词的搭配关系。I introduced some subjects to her,in which she may be interested.(be interested in)(3)根据介词与先行词的关系。The president said that he didnt need to explain the reason,for which the plan couldnt be carried out.(for the reason)经典句式用法经典句式用法经典句式用法经典句式用法2.在“介词+which/
29、whom”引导的定语从句中,介词的选择原则。(4)根据属于与被属于(或部分与整体)的关系。English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of which uses it differently.(each culture)4.I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.我在街上转了几个小时,欣赏街头艺术。looking at the street art为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语作伴随状语,表示伴随,所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生,但
30、与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系。All the students sat in the classroom,and waited for their new teacher.All the students sat in the classroom,_.waiting for theirnew teacher经典句式用法经典句式用法 The young man held a torch in his hand,and climbed up to the top of the clock tower._,the young man climbed up to the top of the clo
31、ck tower.Holding a torch in his hand经典句式用法经典句式用法5.It has a long and famous history,with the author Robert having spent much time writing there.此处久负盛名，作家Robert曾长期在此写作。with the author Robert having spent much time writing there.是现在分词的独立结构。置于句首或句末，其中名词或代词为动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。With the boy leading the way,we found the house easily.The teacher came in with some of his students following him.With the workers having done their work well,the boss took them on a 7-day trip to Europe.经典句式用法经典句式用法
