1、中考英语复习课件-可数名词和不可数名词-(共25张ppt)2本次课程介绍|目录1.可数名词的数的考查2.集体名词和复合名词复数的考查3.不可数名词的考查4.综合应用3名词的分类：分为专有名词和普通名词 名 词类 别意 义专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称Jim,China,the Great Wall普通名词可数名词个体名词表示单个的人或事物girl,student,factory,desk 集合名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称police,team,clothes不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质water,ice,pork抽象名词表示抽象概念的词healt
2、h,happiness,love,care,life可数名词的数的考查 1.可数名词的修饰词可数名词单数：可数名词的单数一般在名词前加冠词a/an或基数词one来表达，其中a用在辅音读音开头的名词前，如：a desk,a teacher.；an用在元音读音开头的名词前，如：an apple，an egg注意：有些单词虽以元音开头，但是以辅音发音开头，故用冠词a，如：a university只与可数名词复数连用的修饰语：few，a few，many/a lot of，several等可数名词的数的考查 2.可数名词复数：(1)可数名词复数的规则变化。book _ friend _ bus _ b
3、ox _ story _ baby _ day _photo _ zoo _ tomato _ knife _ leaf _ roof _booksfriendsbusesboxesstoriesbabiesdaysphotoszoostomatoesknivesleavesroofs可数名词的数的考查 规则变化规则变化例词例词一般在词尾直接加sbookbookschairchairs以s，x，sh，ch结尾的单词通常在词尾加esclassclassesboxboxes 以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，把y改i，再加es；familyfamilies以“元音字母y”结尾的词，则直接在词尾加skeyk
4、eys以o结尾的词，有生命的名词加es；无生命名词则直接加spotatopotatoesheroheroesradioradioszoozoos以f或fe结尾的词，改f或fe为v，再加esleafleavesthiefthieves可数名词的数的考查 2.可数名词复数：(1)可数名词复数的不规则变化。man _ woman _ foot _ tooth _ fish _ sheep _ deer _child _ ox _mouse _ bookswomenmenbooksfishsheepdeerchildrenoxenmice8可数名词的数的考查 特特殊变化殊变化例词例词变中间的元音字母m
5、anmenwomanwomenfootfeet toothteethmousemicegoosegeese单复数形式相同ChineseChineseJapaneseJapanesedeer deer fishfish sheepsheep如：a Chinesetwo Chinese，a sheepmany sheep表示“某国人”的名词单复变化(记忆口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s 加后面。)ChineseChineseJapaneseJapaneseFrenchmanFrenchmenEnglishmanEnglishmenGermanGermansAmericanAmericans当堂练 写出
6、下列名词的复数形式1.clock_ map_ brush_2.piano_ tomato_ factory_ 3.knife_ leaf_ man_ 4.Chinese_ sheep_ child_5.foot_ German_ monkey_ 当堂练 写出下列名词的复数形式1.clock_ map_ brush_2.piano_ tomato_ factory_ 3.knife_ leaf_ man_ 4.Chinese_ sheep_ child_5.foot_ German_ monkey_ factoriesmapsbrushespianostomatoesclocksknivesle
7、avesmenChinesesheepchildrenfeetGremansmonkeys11当堂练 1.There are hundreds of _ of different kinds and in different sizes in my neighborhood.Afactory Bfactories Cfactorys Dthe factory2.The main food of the English people is _ which can be cooked in many different ways.Apotato Bpotatoes Cpotatos Dthe po
8、tatoes3.Three _ and two _ are coming to visit our city next week.AEnglishwoman;Germen BEnglishwomen;GermansCEnglishwomen;Germen DEnglishwoman;Germans4.Mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.Atooth Bfeet Chand Dear12当堂练 1.There are hundreds of _ of different kinds and in different sizes in
9、my neighborhood.Afactory Bfactories Cfactorys Dthe factory2.The main food of the English people is _ which can be cooked in many different ways.Apotato Bpotatoes Cpotatos Dthe potatoes3.Three _ and two _ are coming to visit our city next week.AEnglishwoman;Germen BEnglishwomen;GermansCEnglishwomen;G
10、ermen DEnglishwoman;Germans4.Mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.Atooth Bfeet Chand Dear13集合名词的考查 1.形式为单数，但意义可以用为单数或复数：此类集合名词包括：family、team、class、staff等。若强调整体，表示单数意义，谓语动词则用单数；若强调整体中的成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：His family is large.His family like reading books.14集合名词的考查 2.形式为单数，但意义为复数：此类集合名词包
11、括：people、police、cattle（牛、牲畜）等。例如：The police are looking for the thief.3.形式为复数，意义也为复数此类集合名词包括：goods（货物）clothes（衣服）等，通常不与数词连用。例如：His clothes are very nice.15集合名词的考查 知识点扩展4.hair：作为集合名词，指全部头发或毛发时，不可数；指几根头发或毛发时，可数。例如：The boy has blonde hair.There were some blonde hairs in the car.5.fruit：作为集合名词，指水果，不可数；指
12、不同种类的水果时，则用复数fruits。例如：I would like to buy some fruit.I like eating apples,bananas,pears and other fruits.16复合名词的复数形式1.以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式：如：homework、newspaper2.以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数：如：man doctor men doctors woman teacher women teachers3.以两个名词构成的复合名词（以man或woman为前缀的名词除外），后面的名词变成复数：如：boy stu
13、dent boy students toy shop toy shops4.以“可数名词+介词（短语）”构成的复合名词变复数时，把名词变复数：如：father-in-law fathers-in-law5.以“动词/过去分词+副词”构成的复合名词变复数时，在词尾加s：如：grown-up grown-ups stand-by stand-bys 17当堂练 1.The delicious dishes are cooked by _.A.women cookers B.women cooks C.woman cooks D.woman cookers 2.Julie went to the _
14、 to buy a pair of shoes.A.shoes store B.shoes store C.shoe store D.shoes store3.We have fifty _ in our school.A.man teacher B.man teachers C.men teachers D.men teacher4.I need to buy some _ for my daughters.A.tooth brush B.teeth brushes C.tooth brushes D.teeth brush 18当堂练 1.The delicious dishes are
15、cooked by _.A.women cookers B.women cooks C.woman cooks D.woman cookers 2.Julie went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes.A.shoes store B.shoes store C.shoe store D.shoes store3.We have fifty _ in our school.A.man teacher B.man teachers C.men teachers D.men teacher4.I need to buy some _ for my daughters.
16、A.tooth brush B.teeth brushes C.tooth brushes D.teeth brush 19不可数名词的考查 1.常考的不可数名词有：water，milk，tea，air，rice，bread，pork，soup，meat，hair，money，knowledge，poetry，chalk，work，news，weather，information，music，fun，luck，advice，progress等。2.不可数名词的数：不可数名词本身不能用a或an以及数字等修饰 some，much，little，a little 可以修饰不可数名词，如：I need
17、 some water.数词+量词+of+名词，单复数体现在量词上，如：two cups of water20当堂练 1.My teacher game me _.A.a good advice B.some good advices C.some good advice D.good advices2.Usually,young people have black _ and old people have white _.A.hairs,ones B.hair,one C.hair,ones D.hairs,one3.Peter was busy with his work yesterd
18、ay.He didnt get _.A.much sleep B.many sleeps C.more sleep D.most sleep4.I think it is a wonderful _.A.work B.information C.idea D.news5.Have you found some _ on the leaves?A.drops of water B.drops of waters C.drops water D.drop of waters 21当堂练 1.My teacher game me _.A.a good advice B.some good advic
19、es C.some good advice D.good advices2.Usually,young people have black _ and old people have white _.A.hairs,ones B.hair,one C.hair,ones D.hairs,one3.Peter was busy with his work yesterday.He didnt get _.A.much sleep B.many sleeps C.more sleep D.most sleep4.I think it is a wonderful _.A.work B.inform
20、ation C.idea D.news5.Have you found some _ on the leaves?A.drops of water B.drops of waters C.drops water D.drop of waters 22综合训练 1.Are there any _ on the farm?Yes,there are some.A.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep2.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two _.A.bottle of orange juice B.bottle of oranges ju
21、ice C.bottles of orange juice D.bottles of oranges juice3.Would you like _?Thank you.Im not thirsty.A.some bread B.some juice C.any bread D.any juice 4.There are three _ in my family.A.people B.person C.peoples D.child23综合训练 1.Are there any _ on the farm?Yes,there are some.A.horse B.duck C.chicken D
22、.sheep2.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two _.A.bottle of orange juice B.bottle of oranges juice C.bottles of orange juice D.bottles of oranges juice3.Would you like _?Thank you.Im not thirsty.A.some bread B.some juice C.any bread D.any juice 4.There are three _ in my family.A.people B.person C.pe
23、oples D.child24综合训练 5.There are some _ and _ in these _.A.tomatos;potatos;photos B.tomatoes;potatoes;photoes C.tomatoes;potatoes;photos D.tomatos;potatoes;photoes6.There are twenty _ in our school.Some of them are _.A.woman teachers;Germans B.women teachers;Germans C.women teachers;Germen D.woman te
24、achers;Germen7.Give me three _,please.A.glass of milk B.glass of milks C.glasses of milk D.glasses of milks 8.I want to make _ with you.A.a friend B.friend C.the friend D.friends25综合训练 5.There are some _ and _ in these _.A.tomatos;potatos;photos B.tomatoes;potatoes;photoes C.tomatoes;potatoes;photos
25、 D.tomatos;potatoes;photoes6.There are twenty _ in our school.Some of them are _.A.woman teachers;Germans B.women teachers;Germans C.women teachers;Germen D.woman teachers;Germen7.Give me three _,please.A.glass of milk B.glass of milks C.glasses of milk D.glasses of milks 8.I want to make _ with you.A.a friend B.friend C.the friend D.friends
