1、中考英语总复习语法精讲代词人称代词()1人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示：数格人称单数主格 宾格主格第一人称Imewe数格人称单数主格 宾格主格第二人称you youyou第三人称hehimtheyshe heritit2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。动词前面用主格，动词或介词之后用宾格。如：I like table tennis.(作主语)我喜欢打乒乓球。Do you know him?(作宾语)你认识他吗？3人称代词还可作表语，作表语时用宾格。如：Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门？Its me.是我。4一般情况下，多个人称代词同时
2、出现的顺序是：单数是you,he and I,复数是we,you and they。()1.(2010广东)My father is ill in bed.I have to look after_at home.A.he BhisChim Dhimself母题训练C()2.My English is so poor.Please help_to improve it.A.me BI Cmy Dmine中考预测A1表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示：物主代词()(2018、2017年考)2.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。一
3、般情况下形容词性物主代词后面接名词。如：Our teacher is coming to see us.我们的老师要来看我们了。3名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。一般情况下名词性物主代词后面不可接名词。如：Our school is here and theirs is there.(作主语)我们的学校在这里，他们的在那里。()1.(2018广东)Boxing Day,the 26th of December,got _ name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor peo
4、ple who had to work at Christmas.A.itsBits Cones DOne()2.(2017广东)Jessica used to be a manager in a company，but she gave up _ job when she became a mother.A.sheBhers Cher Dherself母题训练BC()3.(2011广东)Oh!I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.It doesnt matter.You can have _.A.we BusCourDours母题训练D中考预测
5、B()4.Some leaders from Africa think its time for Africa to stand on _ feet with the help of China.AitBits Cthem DTheir()5.Is this your Apple watch?No,its not _.Its Lilys.AmyBmine Cyour DyoursB()6.Mary and Gina are my cousins._father works in Dongfeng Company.ATheir BThey CThem DTheirs中考预测A英语中用来表示“我自
6、己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”，“他们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如下表所示：反身代词()人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself himself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1.反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。(2013年考)(1)作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。如：He called himself a writer.他称自己为作家。(2)作表语。如：The girl in the story is
7、 actually herself.故事里的那个女孩其实就是她自己。(3)作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。如：You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)你应该问老师他自己。2反身代词必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己”。(2015年考)如：You can do all the homework by yourself.你可以自己做所有的家庭作业。3反身代词在实际运用中，可构成很多固定词组。如：teach oneselflearn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得高兴 help oneself to随便吃
8、come to oneself苏醒过来 lose oneself迷路 dress oneself自己穿衣服巧学妙记反身代词莫乱用，能作句中宾(宾语)、表(表语)、同(同位语)，主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要记清。()1.(2015广东)Look at this model ship.I made it all by _ last week.Wow,you are so smart!A.me Bmy Cmine Dmyself母题训练D()2.(2013广东)Boys，dont lose _in playing Angry Birds.It is bad for your eyes to play
9、 computer games for a long time.A.himself ByourselfCthemselves Dyourselves母题训练D中考预测B()3.She cant seem to help _.And no one can help her，either.A.her Bherself Chim Dhimself()4.I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed_ at the dancing party.A.myself Bhimself CherselfDthemselvesD1指示代词包括：this,that,thes
10、e,those(2014年考)(1)this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间或空间上较远的事物或人。如：This is a pen and that is a pencil.这是一支钢笔，那是一支铅笔。指示代词()We are busy these days.这些天我们很忙。(2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。如：I had a cold.Thats why I didnt come.我感冒了，这就是我没有来的原因。What I want to say is this:_pronunci
11、ation is very important in learning English.我想说的是：学英语时发音非常重要。(3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。如：TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.在北京生产的电视机和那些在上海生产的一样好。巧学妙记this，these靠近我，that，those离我远。this，that指单数，these，those不指单。都可用the来代替，劝君务必记心间。(4)this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。如：Hello!T
12、his is Mary.Is that_Jack speaking?你好！我是玛丽，你是杰克吗？2it,one,that作代词的区别(2016年考)(1)it指上文提到过的事物。如：The book is mine.It is very interesting.这本书是我的。它非常有趣。(2)one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个。如：Your bike is very beautiful.I also want to buy one.你的自行车很漂亮。我也想买一辆。(3)that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，如指代可数名词复数要用those，为了避免重复。如：Th
13、e weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Zhanjiang.北京的天气比湛江冷多了。The flowers on the left are more beautiful than those on the right.左边的花比右侧的更美丽。母题训练B()1.(2016广东)Im a little hungry,Daddy.See the cupcakes on the plate,but you can only take_.Dinner is ready soon.AitBone Cthis Dthat()2.(2014广东)Hel
14、lo,Linda speaking.Whos_？Hello,this is Martin.A.he Bone Cthat DthisC()3.He has a bad cold and _ is why he didnt come.A.it Bthis Cthat Dthere()4.The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than _ in Shanghai.A.thisBitCthatDone中考预测CC1常见的不定代词有：some,any,one,each,every,no,none,all,both,either,neither,many,
15、much,a few,a little,other,another,the other等。不定代词()2形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody,everything,everyone,everybody等不定代词时，形容词放在不定代词的后面。如：something important 重要的东西；nothing interesting 没有有趣的东西。3易混不定代词辨析。(1)some,anysome,any都意为“一些”，既可以修饰或代替可数名词复数，也可以修饰或代替不可数名词。some常用在肯定句中；any多用于否定句
16、、疑问句及条件句中。练习：I have _ tea here.I cant see _ tea.someany(2)many,muchmany,much都表示“许多”的意思，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中多用a lot of,lots of等。many修饰或代替可数名词的复数，其反义词是few；而much修饰或代替不可数名词，其反义词是little。练习：I didnt know _ English people who could speak Chinese.Is there _ water in the bottle?manymuch(3)few,a few，little,a lit
17、tlefew,a few用来修饰或代替复数可数名词；little,a little用来修饰或代替不可数名词；few,little表示否定，意为“很少、几乎没有”；a few,a little表示肯定，意为“一些、少许”。练习：He is now out of work and can earn _ money.Im from England,but I can speak _ French.littlea little_ students in this school can speak Japanese.They speak Korean.There are still _ students
18、 in the classroom.(4)another,other,others,the other,the othersanother泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，表示“又一(个)，又一些；另外的(人、物)，别的(人、物)”，既可用作形容词又可用作代词。Fewa fewother表示“另外的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no,one,my,your,his等，则可与单数名词连用。others泛指别的人或物(但不是全部)，是other的复数形式，不能作定语，someothers表示“一些另一些”。the othe
19、r表示“两者中的另一个”，onethe other意为“(两者中的)一个另一个”。the other修饰单数名词时意为“(两者中)另一个”，修饰复数名词时意为“(两部分中)剩下的，其余的”。the othersthe other名词复数，指“剩下的人(或物)，其余的人(或物)”。练习：We need _ four people._ people may think like that.Some of the questions are hard;_ are easy.He has two sons.One is thin and _ is fat.There are 50 students i
20、n my class.30 are boys,and_ are girls.anotherOtherothersthe otherthe others(5)none,no onenone表示三者或三者以上全部否定，意为“全都不”。none既可指人又可指物，通常后接of短语。none用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。none常用来回答how many/much的提问。no one表示三者或三者以上全部否定，与nobody同义，只用来指人，其后一般不跟of短语。no one常用来回答who的提问。练习：_ of us want(s)to go,but we have to.Everyone is
21、here；_ is away.(6)every,eachevery用来指三者或三者以上，侧重整体而不指个别，它不能单独作主语或宾语，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语。every常可用于某些固定搭配中。Noneno oneeach则用来指两者或两者以上，侧重于个别情况，可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。作主语时，后接谓语的单数形式，但each作主语同位语时，谓语动词与主语一致。练习：He knew by heart _ word in her letter.He gave an apple to _.everyeach(7)all,bothall指三者以上，或不可数的东西。all作主语
22、时，谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用复数。both作代词，其用法为：与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。与“of代词(或名词)”连用，表示“两者都”。练习：_ of us like Mr.Pope.Lucy and Lily _ agree with us.Allboth(8)neither,eitherneither表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。either表示“两个中的任何一个”，可修饰或代替单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。练习：_ of the knives is useful._ of them was in good health,but both work
23、ed very hard.EitherNeither()1.(2012广东)Which basketball player do you like best,Kobe,James or Jordan?_ of them.Lin Shuhao is my favorite.A.AllBNone CEither DNeither母题训练B()2.(2009广东)We have five kinds of schoolbags.Do you like this one?No.Can you show me_？A.another Beach otherCthe otherDothers母题训练A()3
24、.We have red and yellow Tshirts.Which color do you like?Im afraid_.I think blue will be OK.A.bothBeither Cneither Dnone()4.Could we see each other at 9 oclock tomorrow morning?Sorry,lets make it_ time.A.others Bthe other CanotherDother中考预测CC疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作
25、为某一句子成分。如：Who is going to come here tomorrow？(作主语)明天谁会来这里？What is that?(作表语)那是什么？疑问代词()()1._ is Jeremy Lin?He is a famous Harvardeducated,AsianAmerican NBA basketball player.A.Where BWhatCWhy DHow old母题训练B()2._ is your father?A bank clerk.He works in a bank near my home.A.Where BHowCWhat DWhich中考预测C课 堂 小 测15 BDBBD 610 CDDBB 1115 CDCAA中考模拟演练15 CABAB 610 ACCDD 1115 CBDDB1620 ADDCC 2125 DBADC 2630 ACDAA3135 BBCAC
