1、初2018级中考阅读复习专题稳定稳定不变不变类型类型考查频率考查频率难易度难易度I 人物故事常考中等偏易II 哲理故事常考中等III 文化风俗常考中等偏难IV 咨询建议常考中等V 广告图表常考易VI 说明介绍常考难VII 社会热点常考难近年来阅读文章常见类型及难易度近年来阅读文章常见类型及难易度能力考点题型分类能力考点题型分类把握文章的事实和细节的能力把握文章的事实和细节的能力【说明说明】针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：Which of the following is right/true/wrong/isnt mentioned?The fo
2、llowing are all right EXCEPT _.用用What/Which/When/Where/Why/How等提问等提问.As we all know,border(边界）safety is very important to a country.In Chins,many common people,besides soldiers(军人),are doing what they can to keep the border safe.Wei Deyou is one of them.One cold winter day in 1987,when Wei was on hi
3、s way home from work,a heavy snowstorm came.He lost his way and walked for several hours.He nearly lost his life.Luckily,some soldiers saved him.Another day in 1992,his 400 sheep were driven away or killed.He knew some people hated him because of his strictness.(2017 陕西)（）What does Wei do in Xinjian
4、g?A.He is an officer.B.He is a fireman.C.He is a border keeper.D.He is a policeman.（）What happened to Wei on a cold winter day in 1987?A.He lost his life.B.He got but.C.He lost his sheep.D.He lost his way.CDOn Sunday it was sunnyMore than ten people were standing on the airport waiting for the chall
5、enge for skydiving（跳伞）Suddenly，with the help of a guide dog，a blind man was coming with a parachute（降落伞 n；空择 v）on his back“Do you also come for the parachute training？”someone asked“Yes!”the blind man replied in a loud voiceAll the people looked at him in surprise“I knowDo you think how a blind man
6、can parachute？”The blind man said cheerfully“Yes，how can you parachute？”Seeing the blind was so cheerful，they asked quickly（2017 黄冈）1.What did the blind man come to the airport to do？_ A.To watch the parachute trainingB.To train his guide dogC.To join in the parachute trainingD.To go traveling by pl
7、ane2.How did all the people feel when the blind man wanted to parachute with them _ A.Happy B.Surprised C.Excited D.SadCB 解题技巧解题技巧 细节理解题细节理解题To find the detail,you should compare the choices with the original sentences.根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力【说明说明】要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义，要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确
8、含义，常见提问方式有：常见提问方式有：The word“_”in the passage probably means_.The underlined word“_”in the passage refers to_.Whats the meaning of the underlined word“_”in the passage?【说明说明】词义猜测题考查词义猜测题考查超纲词含超纲词含义的推断义的推断熟词生义或熟词生义或在特定场合在特定场合的意思的意思词义猜测并不难词义猜测并不难 把握语境是关键把握语境是关键文中信息细分析文中信息细分析 反复斟酌定答案反复斟酌定答案Illegal(违法的）d
9、riving is really dangerous.It may cause traffic accidents,even deaths.Its reported that thousands of people die from illegal driving each year.Many countries are trying their best to control it.France,for example,has made some strict rules and laws to stop it.People are warned not to eat while drivi
10、ng.Any driver who is caught eating while at the wheel will be stopped by the police.Then he will be fined up to 50 for it.（2017 陕西）The underlined words“be fined”here probably mean“_”.A.pay money as a punishment B.get money as a prize C.find money D.make moneyAAfter the challenge，the coach told every
11、one，“In this training，Robert gets the highest scoring for he is the most standard and placid（从容的）action”“Who is Robert？”They asked simultaneously“He”said the coach，pointing the young blind man.（2017 黄冈）What does the word“simultaneously”mean in Chinese？_ A.大声喧哗地 B.难以置信地 C.不可否认地 D.不约而同地D 同义解释、举例说明、语境暗
12、示、指代、因果推断、前后同义解释、举例说明、语境暗示、指代、因果推断、前后对比等。对比等。派生、合成、转化派生、合成、转化 解题技巧解题技巧 词义猜测题词义猜测题依据短文内容和考生应有的常识依据短文内容和考生应有的常识 进进行推理和判断的能力行推理和判断的能力【说明说明】文中没有直接答案，需要在理解上下文甚至全文文中没有直接答案，需要在理解上下文甚至全文的基础上，结合常识进行合理的推断。常见提问的基础上，结合常识进行合理的推断。常见提问方式有：方式有：1)We can guess the writer of the letter man be a _.2)We can infer from t
13、he text that_.3)What would be happy if?According to the passage which of the following is NOT TRUE _A.The coach knew Robert was the best trainer before the challengeB.The other people didnt believe Robert could parachute at firstC.The blind man was a real man with great courageD.Its unbelievable tha
14、t Robert did the best of all trainers On Sunday it was sunnyMore than ten people were standing on the airport waiting for the challenge for skydiving（跳伞）Suddenly，with the help of a guide dog，a blind man was coming with a parachute（降落伞 n；空择 v）on his back“Do you also come for the parachute training？”s
15、omeone asked“Yes!”the blind man replied in a loud voiceAll the people looked at him in surprise“I knowDo you think how a blind man can parachute？”The blind man said cheerfully“Yes，how can you parachute？”Seeing the blind was so cheerful，they asked quickly“Its not difficultI will parachute like youAlt
16、hough Im a blind manI can hearWhen I hear the order for skydiving，I will carry my guide dog to follow you one by oneThe coach says，counting two five from the moment I jumped down，I can open the parachuteAnd I know when I to fall to the ground is the most dangerous moment in skydivingBut its very sim
17、ple for meWhen my guide dog is scared into crying loudly and the rope in my hand become light，Ill prepare for falling to the ground”said the blind man quietly After the challenge，the coach told everyone，“In this training，Robert gets the highest scoring for he is the most standard and placid（从容的）acti
18、on”“Who is Robert？”They asked simultaneously“He”said the coach，pointing the young blind man.（2017 黄冈）A“The last piece of advice is not to be worried even if your dreams dont come true.As Ive said above,there are so many good universities out there.So its important for everybody to understand that yo
19、u can always find a university that gives you a great education.”（2016 重庆）We can learn from the last paragraph that _.A.we can realize our dream through hard work.B.the name of the university isnt the most important.C.its not necessary to care that other people might say.D.more than one university c
20、an give us a good education.D 解题技巧解题技巧 推理判断题推理判断题 切忌主观乱猜测切忌主观乱猜测 回归原文动脑筋回归原文动脑筋To infer something,you should choose the reasonable information based on the given fact.掌握所读材料的主旨和要义的能力掌握所读材料的主旨和要义的能力 【说明说明】主要针对段落（或短文主要针对段落（或短文)的主题，主题思想，的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，常见提问方式有：标题或目的，常见提问方式有：1)Which is the best title of
21、the passage?2)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_.3)This passage mainly talks about_.4 主旨概括题主旨概括题 Do you know when restaurants were invented?The first restaurant were invented thousands of years ago.However,they were very different from restaurants today.The first restaurants were in a
22、ncient Greece and ancient Rome.Later,restaurant began to open in China.In the early 1100s,For the next several centuries,there were restaurants all over In the 19th century,trains made travel much faster and simpler.Now,restaurants are everywhere.You can buy a variety of different kinds of food.（201
23、7 杭州）杭州）The author wrote this article to.A.helps us to choose restaurantsB.tell us the history of restaurantsC.encourage us to eat at restaurantsD.show us the changes of eating habits.BPeople cant see you when youre speaking on the phone，but they can hear youSo，the way you speak is especially import
24、antIn fact，researchers have calculated that 80%of communication over the phone is through your tone of voice；and only 20%is from the words you useHere are our top tips on how to speak over the phone1Facial Expressions 2Volume3Pace4Gestures5Movement6Pauses（停顿）（停顿）(2017 广州广州)What is the passage mainly
25、 about？AHow to control the speed of your speechBDifferent good ways of talking on the phoneCReasons of making gestures while talkingDHow to improve communication among friendsB 解题技巧解题技巧 主题句主题句(topic sentence)常在一段的开头，常在一段的开头，也有可能在段中或段末也有可能在段中或段末,有时候也贯穿在全有时候也贯穿在全文中，需要总结。文中，需要总结。总结时，可以用到五个总结时，可以用到五个w，一
26、个，一个h来帮助来帮助。To get the main idea,you should catch the key sentence and make a summary.有些文章或段落无明显的主题句有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,只是只是暗示性暗示性地地体现主题体现主题.这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的所叙述的事实事实或提供的或提供的线索线索来概括总结主旨大意来概括总结主旨大意难点难点：从段落中归纳要点抓大意，理清线索从段落中归纳要点抓大意，理清线索What have we learned today?1.通读全文，了解大意。（将重要的内容做笔记，如5个w，一个h等）2.读懂问题，分清出题的四种类型。3.带着问题读文章，在文中根据跟中类型的题目找到解决方法，选出答案。必要时，要归纳概括文章的大意，弄清文章的主旨。4.时间允许的条件下，带着所选的选项再次阅读文章，看所选的选项是否符合文章的内容。注意：文章本身是解题的关键，任何的题目要以原文为依托；在解决推测，分析文章主旨和相关方面题目时，要put yourself in the writers shoes,切忌根据自己的想法主观臆断。
